14,280 research outputs found
Rotational Widths for Use in the Tully-Fisher Relation. II. The Impact of Surface Brightness
Using a large sample of spiral galaxies for which 21 cm single-dish and/or
long-slit optical spectra are available, we make a detailed comparison between
various estimates of rotational widths. Different optical width estimators are
considered and their limitations discussed, with emphasis on biases associated
with rotation curve properties (shape and extent) and disk central surface
brightness. The best match with HI rotational velocities is obtained with
Polyex widths, which are measured at the optical radius (encompassing a fixed
fraction of the total light of the galaxy) from a model fit to the rotation
curve. In contrast with Polyex widths, optical rotational velocities measured
at 2.15 disk scale lengths r_d deviate from HI widths by an amount that
correlates with the central surface brightness of the disk. This bias occurs
because the rotation curves of galaxies are in general still rising at 2.15
r_d, and the fraction of total mass contained within this radius decreases with
increasing disk surface brightness. Statistical corrections, parameterized by
the radial extent of the observed rotation curve, are provided to reduce Polyex
and HI width measurements into a homogeneous system. This yields a single
robust estimate of rotational velocity to be used for applications of disk
scaling relations.Comment: 13 pages, 8 figures. To appear in the Astronomical Journal (August
2007
A direct-sequence spread-spectrum communication system for integrated sensor microsystems
Some of the most important challenges in health-care technologies have been identified to be development of noninvasive systems and miniaturization. In developing the core technologies, progress is required in pushing the limits of miniaturization, minimizing the costs and power consumption of microsystems components, developing mobile/wireless communication infrastructures and computing technologies that are reliable. The implementation of such miniaturized systems has become feasible by the advent of system-on-chip technology, which enables us to integrate most of the components of a system on to a single chip. One of the most important tasks in such a system is to convey information reliably on a multiple-access-based environment. When considering the design of telecommunication system for such a network, the receiver is the key performance critical block. The paper describes the application environment, the choice of the communication protocol, the implementation of the transmitter and receiver circuitry, and research work carried out on studying the impact of input data characteristics and internal data path complexity on area and power performance of the receiver. We provide results using a test data recorded from a pH sensor. The results demonstrate satisfying functionality, area, and power constraints even when a degree of programmability is incorporated in the system
Results on light dark matter particles with a low-threshold CRESST-II detector
The CRESST-II experiment uses cryogenic detectors to search for nuclear
recoil events induced by the elastic scattering of dark matter particles in
CaWO crystals. Given the low energy threshold of our detectors in
combination with light target nuclei, low mass dark matter particles can be
probed with high sensitivity. In this letter we present the results from data
of a single detector module corresponding to 52 kg live days. A blind analysis
is carried out. With an energy threshold for nuclear recoils of 307 eV we
substantially enhance the sensitivity for light dark matter. Thereby, we extend
the reach of direct dark matter experiments to the sub-region and demonstrate
that the energy threshold is the key parameter in the search for low mass dark
matter particles.Comment: 8 pages, 8 figure
Non-Fermi-liquid phases in the two-band Hubbard model: Finite-temperature exact diagonalization study of Hund's rule coupling
The two-band Hubbard model involving subbands of different widths is
investigated via finite-temperature exact diagonalization (ED) and dynamical
mean field theory (DMFT). In contrast to the quantum Monte Carlo (QMC) method
which at low temperatures includes only Ising-like exchange interactions to
avoid sign problems, ED permits a treatment of Hund's exchange and other onsite
Coulomb interactions on the same footing. The role of finite-size effects
caused by the limited number of bath levels in this scheme is studied by
analyzing the low-frequency behavior of the subband self-energies as a function
of temperature, and by comparing with numerical renormalization group (NRG)
results for an effective one-band model. For half-filled, non-hybridizing
bands, the metallic and insulating phases are separated by an intermediate
mixed phase with an insulating narrow and a bad-metallic wide subband. The wide
band in this phase exhibits different degrees of non-Fermi-liquid behavior,
depending on the treatment of exchange interactions. Whereas for complete
Hund's coupling, infinite lifetime is found at the Fermi level, in the absence
of spin-flip and pair-exchange, this lifetime becomes finite. Excellent
agreement is obtained both with new NRG and previous QMC/DMFT calculations.
These results suggest that-finite temperature ED/DMFT might be a useful scheme
for realistic multi-band materials.Comment: 15 pages, 17 figure
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