148 research outputs found
Capacities and Gap analysis
Analysis of the capacities and gaps of the present Atlantic Ocean Observing Syste
Contribution of remote sensing technologies to a holistic coastal and marine environmental management framework: a review
Coastal and marine management require the evaluation of multiple environmental threats
and issues. However, there are gaps in the necessary data and poor access or dissemination of existing
data in many countries around the world. This research identifies how remote sensing can contribute
to filling these gaps so that environmental agencies, such as the United Nations Environmental
Programme, European Environmental Agency, and International Union for Conservation of Nature,
can better implement environmental directives in a cost-e ective manner. Remote sensing (RS)
techniques generally allow for uniform data collection, with common acquisition and reporting
methods, across large areas. Furthermore, these datasets are sometimes open-source, mainly
when governments finance satellite missions. Some of these data can be used in holistic, coastal
and marine environmental management frameworks, such as the DAPSI(W)R(M) framework
(Drivers–Activities–Pressures–State changes–Impacts (on Welfare)–Responses (as Measures),
an updated version of Drivers–Pressures–State–Impact–Responses. The framework is a useful
and holistic problem-structuring framework that can be used to assess the causes, consequences, and
responses to change in the marine environment. Six broad classifications of remote data collection
technologies are reviewed for their potential contribution to integrated marine management, including
Satellite-based Remote Sensing, Aerial Remote Sensing, Unmanned Aerial Vehicles, Unmanned
Surface Vehicles, Unmanned Underwater Vehicles, and Static Sensors. A significant outcome of this
study is practical inputs into each component of the DAPSI(W)R(M) framework. The RS applications
are not expected to be all-inclusive; rather, they provide insight into the current use of the framework
as a foundation for developing further holistic resource technologies for management strategies in
the future. A significant outcome of this research will deliver practical insights for integrated coastal
and marine management and demonstrate the usefulness of RS to support the implementation of
environmental goals, descriptors, targets, and policies, such as theWater Framework Directive, Marine
Strategy Framework Directive, Ocean Health Index, and United Nations Sustainable Development
Goals. Additionally, the opportunities and challenges of these technologies are discussed.Murray Foundation: 25.26022020info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio
Atmospheric and ecosystem big data providing key contributions in reaching United Nations' sustainable development goals
Big open data comprising comprehensive, long-term atmospheric and ecosystem in-situ observations will give us tools to meet global grand challenges and to contribute towards sustainable development. United Nations' Sustainable Development Goals (UN SDGs) provide framework for the process. We present synthesis on how Station for Measuring Earth Surface-Atmosphere Relations (SMEAR) observation network can contribute to UN SDGs. We describe SMEAR II flagship station in Hyytiala, Finland. With more than 1200 variables measured in an integrated manner, we can understand interactions and feedbacks between biosphere and atmosphere. This contributes towards understanding impacts of climate change to natural ecosystems and feedbacks from ecosystems to climate. The benefits of SMEAR concept are highlighted through outreach project in Eastern Lapland utilizing SMEAR I observations from Varrio research station. In contrast to boreal environment, SMEAR concept was also deployed in Beijing. We underline the benefits of comprehensive observations to gain novel insights into complex interactions between densely populated urban environment and atmosphere. Such observations enable work towards solving air quality problems and improve the quality of life inside megacities. The network of comprehensive stations with various measurements will enable science-based decision making and support sustainable development by providing long-term view on spatio-temporal trends on atmospheric composition and ecosystem parameters.Peer reviewe
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