Reliable Multicast Transport for Heterogeneous Mobile IP environment using Cross-Layer Information

Reliable multicast transport architecture designed for heterogeneous mobile IP environment using cross-layer information for enhanced Quality of Service (QoS) and seamless handover is discussed. In particular, application-specific reliable multicast retransmission schemes are proposed, which are aimed to minimize the protocol overhead taking into account behaviour of mobile receivers (loss of connectivity and handover) and the specific application requirements for reliable delivery (such as carousel, one-to-many download and streaming delivery combined with recording). The proposed localized retransmission strategies are flexible configured for tree-based multicast transport. Cross layer interactions in order to enhance reliable transport and support seamless handover is discussed considering IEEE 802.21 media independent handover mechanisms. The implementation is based on Linux IPv6 environment. Simulations in ns2 focusing on the benefits of the proposed multicast retransmission schemes for particular application scenarios are presented

Machine Learning in Wireless Sensor Networks: Algorithms, Strategies, and Applications

Wireless sensor networks monitor dynamic environments that change rapidly over time. This dynamic behavior is either caused by external factors or initiated by the system designers themselves. To adapt to such conditions, sensor networks often adopt machine learning techniques to eliminate the need for unnecessary redesign. Machine learning also inspires many practical solutions that maximize resource utilization and prolong the lifespan of the network. In this paper, we present an extensive literature review over the period 2002-2013 of machine learning methods that were used to address common issues in wireless sensor networks (WSNs). The advantages and disadvantages of each proposed algorithm are evaluated against the corresponding problem. We also provide a comparative guide to aid WSN designers in developing suitable machine learning solutions for their specific application challenges.Comment: Accepted for publication in IEEE Communications Surveys and Tutorial

A Hierarchical Approach to Position-Based Multicast for Mobile Ad-hoc Networks

In this paper we present Scalable Position-Based Multicast (SPBM), a multicast routing protocol for ad-hoc networks. SPBM uses the geographic position of nodes to provide a highly scalable group membership scheme and to forward data packets in a way that is very robust to changes in the topology of the network. SPBM bases the forwarding decision on whether there are group members located in a given direction or not, allowing for a hierarchical aggregation of membership information: the further away a region is from an intermediate node the higher the level of aggregation should be for this region. Because of aggregation, the overhead for group membership management scales logarithmically with the number of nodes and is independent of the number of multicast senders for a given multicast group. Furthermore, we show that group management overhead is bounded by a constant if the frequency of membership updates is scaled down with the aggregation level. This scaling of the update frequency is reasonable since the higher the level of aggregation the lower the number of membership changes for the aggregate. The performance of SPBM is investigated by means of simulation, including a comparison with ODMRP, and through mathematical analysis. We also describe an open source kernel implementation of SPBM that has been successfully deployed on hand-held computers

Scalable position-based multicast for mobile ad-hoc networks

In this paper we present Scalable Position-Based Multicast (SPBM), a multicast routing protocol for ad-hoc networks. SPBM uses the geographic position of nodes to provide a highly scalable group membership scheme and to forward data packets with a very low overhead. SPBM bases its multicast forwarding decision on whether there are group members located in a given direction or not, allowing for a hierarchical aggregation of group members contained in geographic regions: the larger the distance between a region containing group members and an intermediate node, the larger can this region be without having a significant impact on the accuracy of the direction from the intermediate node to that region. Because of aggregation, the overhead for group membership management is bounded by a small constant while it is independent of the number of multicast senders for a given multicast group. We investigate the performance of SPBM by means of simulation, including a comparison with ODMRP

Optimization of Hierarchical System for Data Acquisition

Television broadcasting over IP networks (IPTV) is one of a number of network applications that are except of media distribution also interested in data acquisition from group of information resources of variable size. IP-TV uses Real-time Transport Protocol (RTP) protocol for media streaming and RTP Control Protocol (RTCP) protocol for session quality feedback. Other applications, for example sensor networks, have data acquisition as the main task. Current solutions have mostly problem with scalability - how to collect and process information from large amount of end nodes quickly and effectively? The article deals with optimization of hierarchical system of data acquisition. Problem is mathematically described, delay minima are searched and results are proved by simulations

Signalling Transmission for Internet Television

Signalizace v sítích pracujících s internetovým protokolem (IP) je používána pro monitorování a řízení činnosti sítě. Tato práce se zabývá přenosem signalizace skrze IP sítě pro velké skupiny komunikujících prvků a navrhuje škálovatelné řešení, jak pro malá, tak pro velká vysílání internetových televize (IPTV). Hlavní přínos práce spočívá v návrhu algoritmů pro ustavení optimálního hierarchického stromu na základě dostupných zdrojů a s ohledem na geografickou a virtuální polohu jednotlivých stanic. Pro účely optimalizace byly použity jak simulace s parametry globální experimentální sítě Planetlab, tak byly navržené algoritmy a protokoly nasazeny do reálného provozu v této síti.A signalization in an Internet protocol environment is commonly used for monitoring quality of service and other parameters of a network. This thesis is involved in transmission of signalization through internet protocol networks and proposes scalable solution for small and even for large-scale internet television broadcasting. The main contribution of this thesis lies in design and validation of optimal hierarchical tree on the basis of resources assigned. This is done in respect to geographical distance, network distance of each particular member of the hierarchical structure. For the design of algorithms simulations and global experimental network were used.

Security and Privacy Issues in Wireless Mesh Networks: A Survey

This book chapter identifies various security threats in wireless mesh network (WMN). Keeping in mind the critical requirement of security and user privacy in WMNs, this chapter provides a comprehensive overview of various possible attacks on different layers of the communication protocol stack for WMNs and their corresponding defense mechanisms. First, it identifies the security vulnerabilities in the physical, link, network, transport, application layers. Furthermore, various possible attacks on the key management protocols, user authentication and access control protocols, and user privacy preservation protocols are presented. After enumerating various possible attacks, the chapter provides a detailed discussion on various existing security mechanisms and protocols to defend against and wherever possible prevent the possible attacks. Comparative analyses are also presented on the security schemes with regards to the cryptographic schemes used, key management strategies deployed, use of any trusted third party, computation and communication overhead involved etc. The chapter then presents a brief discussion on various trust management approaches for WMNs since trust and reputation-based schemes are increasingly becoming popular for enforcing security in wireless networks. A number of open problems in security and privacy issues for WMNs are subsequently discussed before the chapter is finally concluded.Comment: 62 pages, 12 figures, 6 tables. This chapter is an extension of the author's previous submission in arXiv submission: arXiv:1102.1226. There are some text overlaps with the previous submissio