Edge Enhancement from Low-Light Image by Convolutional Neural Network and Sigmoid Function

Due to camera resolution or any lighting condition, captured image are generally over-exposed or under-exposed conditions. So, there is need of some enhancement techniques that improvise these artifacts from recorded pictures or images. So, the objective of image enhancement and adjustment techniques is to improve the quality and characteristics of an image. In general terms, the enhancement of image distorts the original numerical values of an image. Therefore, it is required to design such enhancement technique that do not compromise with the quality of the image. The optimization of the image extracts the characteristics of the image instead of restoring the degraded image. The improvement of the image involves the degraded image processing and the improvement of its visual aspect. A lot of research has been done to improve the image. Many research works have been done in this field. One among them is deep learning. Most of the existing contrast enhancement methods, adjust the tone curve to correct the contrast of an input image but doesn’t work efficiently due to limited amount of information contained in a single image. In this research, the CNN with edge adjustment is proposed. By applying CNN with Edge adjustment technique, the input low contrast images are capable to adapt according to high quality enhancement. The result analysis shows that the developed technique significantly advantages over existing methods

Techniques in Image Segmentations, its Limitations and Future Directions

There many techniques, used for image segmentation but few of them face problems like: improper utilization of spatial information. In this paper, combined fuzzy c-means algorithm (FCM) with modified Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) to improve the search ability of PSO and to integrate spatial information into the membership function for clustering is used. Here, in this paper discussion on segmentation techniques with their limitations is done. This would help in determining image segmentation method which would result to improved accuracy and performance

Multilevel thresholding hyperspectral image segmentation based on independent component analysis and swarm optimization methods

High dimensional problems are often encountered in studies related to hyperspectral data. One of the challenges that arise is how to find representations that are accurate so that important structures can be clearly easily. This study aims to process segmentation of hyperspectral image by using swarm optimization techniques. This experiments use Aviris Indian Pines hyperspectral image dataset that consist of 103 bands. The method used for segmentation image is particle swarm optimization (PSO), Darwinian particle swarm optimization (DPSO) and fractional order Darwinian particle swarm optimization (FODPSO). Before process segmentation image, the dimension of the hyperspectral image data set are first reduced by using independent component analysis (ICA) technique to get first independent component. The experimental show that FODPSO method is better than PSO and DPSO, in terms of the average CPU processing time and best fitness value. The PSNR and SSIM values when using FODPSO are better than the other two swarm optimization method. It can be concluded that FODPSO method is better in order to obtain better segmentation results compared to the previous method

MedGA: A novel evolutionary method for image enhancement in medical imaging systems

Medical imaging systems often require the application of image enhancement techniques to help physicians in anomaly/abnormality detection and diagnosis, as well as to improve the quality of images that undergo automated image processing. In this work we introduce MedGA, a novel image enhancement method based on Genetic Algorithms that is able to improve the appearance and the visual quality of images characterized by a bimodal gray level intensity histogram, by strengthening their two underlying sub-distributions. MedGA can be exploited as a pre-processing step for the enhancement of images with a nearly bimodal histogram distribution, to improve the results achieved by downstream image processing techniques. As a case study, we use MedGA as a clinical expert system for contrast-enhanced Magnetic Resonance image analysis, considering Magnetic Resonance guided Focused Ultrasound Surgery for uterine fibroids. The performances of MedGA are quantitatively evaluated by means of various image enhancement metrics, and compared against the conventional state-of-the-art image enhancement techniques, namely, histogram equalization, bi-histogram equalization, encoding and decoding Gamma transformations, and sigmoid transformations. We show that MedGA considerably outperforms the other approaches in terms of signal and perceived image quality, while preserving the input mean brightness. MedGA may have a significant impact in real healthcare environments, representing an intelligent solution for Clinical Decision Support Systems in radiology practice for image enhancement, to visually assist physicians during their interactive decision-making tasks, as well as for the improvement of downstream automated processing pipelines in clinically useful measurements

Chapter Ant Algorithms for Adaptive Edge Detection

Diseases & disorder

Ant Algorithms for Adaptive Edge Detection

Diseases & disorder

Data fusion by using machine learning and computational intelligence techniques for medical image analysis and classification

Data fusion is the process of integrating information from multiple sources to produce specific, comprehensive, unified data about an entity. Data fusion is categorized as low level, feature level and decision level. This research is focused on both investigating and developing feature- and decision-level data fusion for automated image analysis and classification. The common procedure for solving these problems can be described as: 1) process image for region of interest\u27 detection, 2) extract features from the region of interest and 3) create learning model based on the feature data. Image processing techniques were performed using edge detection, a histogram threshold and a color drop algorithm to determine the region of interest. The extracted features were low-level features, including textual, color and symmetrical features. For image analysis and classification, feature- and decision-level data fusion techniques are investigated for model learning using and integrating computational intelligence and machine learning techniques. These techniques include artificial neural networks, evolutionary algorithms, particle swarm optimization, decision tree, clustering algorithms, fuzzy logic inference, and voting algorithms. This work presents both the investigation and development of data fusion techniques for the application areas of dermoscopy skin lesion discrimination, content-based image retrieval, and graphic image type classification --Abstract, page v

Infrared image enhancement using adaptive histogram partition and brightness correction

Infrared image enhancement is a crucial pre-processing technique in intelligent urban surveillance systems for Smart City applications. Existing grayscale mapping-based algorithms always suffer from over-enhancement of the background, noise amplification, and brightness distortion. To cope with these problems, an infrared image enhancement method based on adaptive histogram partition and brightness correction is proposed. First, the grayscale histogram is adaptively segmented into several sub-histograms by a locally weighted scatter plot smoothing algorithm and local minima examination. Then, the fore-and background sub-histograms are distinguished according to a proposed metric called grayscale density. The foreground sub-histograms are equalized using a local contrast weighted distribution for the purpose of enhancing the local details, while the background sub-histograms maintain the corresponding proportions of the whole dynamic range in order to avoid over-enhancement. Meanwhile, a visual correction factor considering the property of human vision is designed to reduce the effect of noise during the procedure of grayscale re-mapping. Lastly, particle swarm optimization is used to correct the mean brightness of the output by virtue of a reference image. Both qualitative and quantitative evaluations implemented on real infrared images demonstrate the superiority of our method when compared with other conventional methods