144 research outputs found

    On the Adoption of Standard Encoding Formats to Ensure Interoperability of Music Digital Archives: The IEEE 1599 Format

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    With this paper, we want to stimulate the discussion about technologies for inter-operation between various music datasets and collections. Among the many standards for music representation, IEEE 1599 is the only one which was born with the exact purpose of representing the heterogeneous structures of music documents, granting full synchronization of all the different aspects of music (audio recordings, sheet music images, symbolic representations, musicological analysis, etc). We propose the adoption of IEEE 1599 as an interoperability framework between different collections for advanced music experience, musicological applications, and Music Information Retrieval (MIR). In the years to come, the format will undergo a review process aimed at providing an updated/improved version. It is now the perfect time, for all the stakeholders, to come together and discuss how the format can evolve to better support their requirements, enhancing its descriptive strength and available tools. Moreover, this standard can be profitably applied to any field that requires multi-layer and synchronized descriptions

    Managing Multiple Media Streams in HTML5: The IEEE 1599-2008 Case Study

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    This paper deals with the problem of managing multiple multimedia streams in a Web environment. Multimedia types to support are pure audio, video with no sound, and audio/video. Data streams refer to the same event or performance, consequently they both have and should maintain mutual synchronization. Besides, a Web player should be able to play different multimedia streams simultaneously, as well as to switch from one to another in real time. The clarifying example of a music piece encoded in IEEE 1599 format will be presented as a case study

    Multilayer Music Representation and Processing: Key Advances and Emerging Trends

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    This work represents the introduction to the proceedings of the 1st International Workshop on Multilayer Music Representation and Processing (MMRP19) authored by the Program Co-Chairs. The idea is to explain the rationale behind such a scientific initiative, describe the methodological approach used in paper selection, and provide a short overview of the workshop's accepted works, trying to highlight the thread that runs through different contributions and approaches

    Music-Related Media-Contents Synchronization over theWeb: the IEEE 1599 Initiative

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    IEEE 1599 is an international standard originally conceived for music, which aims at providing a comprehensive description of the media contents related to a music piece within a multi-layer and synchronized environment. A number of o_- line and stand-alone software prototypes has been realized after its standardization, occurred in 2008. Recently, thanks to some technological advances (e.g. the release of HTML5), the engine of the IEEE 1599 parser has been ported on the Web. Some non-trivial problems have been solved, e.g. the management of multiple simultaneous media streams in a client-server architecture. After providing an overview of the IEEE 1599 standard, this article presents a survey of the recent initiatives regarding audio-driven synchronization over the Web

    PureMX: Automatic transcription of MIDI live music performances into XML format

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    This paper addresses the problem of the real-time automatic transcription of a live music performance into a symbolic format based on XML. The source data are given by any music instrument or other device able to communicate with Pure Data by MIDI. Pure Data is a free, multi-platform, real-time programming environment for graphical, audio, and video processing. During a performance, music events are parsed and their parameters are evaluated thanks to rhythm and pitch detection algorithms. The final step is the creation of a well-formed XML document, validated against the new international standard known as IEEE 1599. This work will shortly describe both the software environment and the XML format, but the main analysis will involve the realtime recognition of music events. Finally, a case study will be presented: PureMX, an application able to perform such an automatic transcription

    Algorithms for an Automatic Transcription of Live Music Performances into Symbolic Format

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    This paper addresses the problem of the real-time automatic transcription of a live music performance into a symbolic format. The source data are given by any music instrument or other device able to communicate through a performance protocol. During a performance, music events are parsed and their parameters are evaluated thanks to rhythm and pitch detection algorithms. The final step is the creation of a well-formed XML document, validated against the new international standard known as IEEE 1599. This work will shortly describe both the software environment and the XML format, but the main analysis will involve the real-time recognition of music events. Finally, a case study will be presented: PureMX, a set of Pure Data externals, able to perform the automatic transcription of MIDI events

    A Web-based Petri Nets Application To Teach Music Analysis and Composition

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    Music Petri nets are a mathematical formalism suitable to express the results of musicological analysis. Being able to infer the structure of a music piece and to represent it through Petri nets is not a trivial task, even for an expert of musicology who is skilled in computational thinking. From this point of view, a computer-based tool can be useful both in the learning phase and in the a-posteriori assessment of the achieved results. After providing the theoretical bases about Petri nets, this paper will describe a web application for music education and dissemination, able to integrate and synchronize the results of music analysis with music-related media content within a single on-line framework

    Music Synchronization, Audio Matching, Pattern Detection, and User Interfaces for a Digital Music Library System

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    Over the last two decades, growing efforts to digitize our cultural heritage could be observed. Most of these digitization initiatives pursuit either one or both of the following goals: to conserve the documents - especially those threatened by decay - and to provide remote access on a grand scale. For music documents these trends are observable as well, and by now several digital music libraries are in existence. An important characteristic of these music libraries is an inherent multimodality resulting from the large variety of available digital music representations, such as scanned score, symbolic score, audio recordings, and videos. In addition, for each piece of music there exists not only one document of each type, but many. Considering and exploiting this multimodality and multiplicity, the DFG-funded digital library initiative PROBADO MUSIC aimed at developing a novel user-friendly interface for content-based retrieval, document access, navigation, and browsing in large music collections. The implementation of such a front end requires the multimodal linking and indexing of the music documents during preprocessing. As the considered music collections can be very large, the automated or at least semi-automated calculation of these structures would be recommendable. The field of music information retrieval (MIR) is particularly concerned with the development of suitable procedures, and it was the goal of PROBADO MUSIC to include existing and newly developed MIR techniques to realize the envisioned digital music library system. In this context, the present thesis discusses the following three MIR tasks: music synchronization, audio matching, and pattern detection. We are going to identify particular issues in these fields and provide algorithmic solutions as well as prototypical implementations. In Music synchronization, for each position in one representation of a piece of music the corresponding position in another representation is calculated. This thesis focuses on the task of aligning scanned score pages of orchestral music with audio recordings. Here, a previously unconsidered piece of information is the textual specification of transposing instruments provided in the score. Our evaluations show that the neglect of such information can result in a measurable loss of synchronization accuracy. Therefore, we propose an OCR-based approach for detecting and interpreting the transposition information in orchestral scores. For a given audio snippet, audio matching methods automatically calculate all musically similar excerpts within a collection of audio recordings. In this context, subsequence dynamic time warping (SSDTW) is a well-established approach as it allows for local and global tempo variations between the query and the retrieved matches. Moving to real-life digital music libraries with larger audio collections, however, the quadratic runtime of SSDTW results in untenable response times. To improve on the response time, this thesis introduces a novel index-based approach to SSDTW-based audio matching. We combine the idea of inverted file lists introduced by Kurth and MĂĽller (Efficient index-based audio matching, 2008) with the shingling techniques often used in the audio identification scenario. In pattern detection, all repeating patterns within one piece of music are determined. Usually, pattern detection operates on symbolic score documents and is often used in the context of computer-aided motivic analysis. Envisioned as a new feature of the PROBADO MUSIC system, this thesis proposes a string-based approach to pattern detection and a novel interactive front end for result visualization and analysis

    Progetto di un sistema per la conservazione a lungo termine e a norma di legge di documenti elettronici

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    NOT AVAILABLENell\u27articolo viene presentato il lavoro svolto dall\u27Istituto di Fisiologia Clinica del CNR per la progetta- zione di un sistema di gestione elettronica dei dati prodotti durante l\u27attivit? clinica. Per garantire una conservazione di lungo periodo e il rispetto dei termini di validit? legale, ? stato necessario utilizzare strumenti e metodi di prevenzione nei confronti dell\u27invecchiamento dei supporti, dell\u27obsolescenza dei formati software e della scadenza delle firme digitali. Il sistema ? stato progettato rispettando la normativa CNIPA e in con- formit? con lo standard ISO OAIS. Il risultato finale ? stato la realizzazione di un sistema molto semplice dal punto di vista architetturale, modulare e flessibile in vista di un\u27esportazione verso altri enti. Particolare attenzione ? stata posta agli strumenti di indicizzazione e all\u27utilizzo di software open source
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