Multi-Level Design of Process-Oriented Enterprise Information Systems:Essential Guidelines and two Case Studies based on the FMMLx and the XModelerML

This paper presents prototypical multi-level models of two uses cases. They comprise models of business processes and models that represent the context required to execute a business process. On the one hand, the context consists of the organizational units that are responsible for the execution of processes. They are represented by a model of organizational structures. On the other hand, the context includes the artifacts that are needed or manipulated by processes. The models serve to demonstrate the specific power of multi-level modeling. First, they integrate models on higher levels, which correspond to domain-specific modeling languages, with those on lower levels. Second, models are supplemented with objects on L0 to demonstrate how these can be integrated. Third, the models are executable without the need to generate code, since models and corresponding program code share the same representation, thus demonstrating the possibility of advanced application system architectures, which allow users to navigate a comprehensive representation of the system they work with at runtime. The presentation of the models is supplemented with a general evaluation of multi-level concepts. The design of the models was inspired by the EMISA process challenge. Therefore, they are evaluated against the requirements defined with the challenge. In addition, a challenge is discussed that goes beyond the challenge, that is, the design of multi-level models of behavior

Multi-level modeling with LML : A contribution to the Multi-level Process Challenge

This paper presents a solution to the MULTI Process Challenge which was first posed to the participants of the MULTI workshop at the MODELS conference in 2019 and subsequently adapted for this special issue of the EMISA Journal. The structure of the paper therefore follows the guidelines laid out in the Challenge description. The models are represented in the Level-agnostic Modeling Language LML and the DOCL constraint language using the Melanee deep modeling tool. After first outlining the case study and documenting which aspects are supported in the LML solution, the paper presents multi-level models for both the insurance and the software engineering domains. This is followed by a discussion of the strengths and weaknesses of the approach. The presented model covers all mandatory and optional aspects of the Challenge case study

A Meta-Circular Basis for Model-Based Language Engineering

Meta-modelling is a technique that facilitates the construction of new languages to be used in system development. Although meta-modelling is supported by a number of tools and technologies, notably the Meta Object Facility from the OMG, there is no widely accepted precise basis for meta-modelling that can be used to develop and study language-based approaches to system development. Recent advances in meta-modelling have proposed several approaches to mixing types and instances, and allowing constraints to hold over multiple levels. This article proposes a collection of key characteristic features that are used to define a foundational self-contained unifying meta-language that is evaluated through several examples