On the Modeling and Simulation of Future Energy Systems

The finiteness of fossil fuels and their impact on the global climate call for a transformation of the energy system, in particular the power system. This transformation is driven by new technologies, changing objectives of the actors involved and conditions by political frameworks. A classic means of designing such conditions as well as evaluating strategies for achieving individual objectives is the use of models and their simulation. Just like the systems themselves, the models and the underlying methods are in a state of change, and their applicability must be questioned. As a result, there is a need for new methods and tools for modeling and simulating complex energy systems to represent reality with sufficient accuracy. The present thesis addresses this gap. First, based on a holistic description of the energy and power system, an overview of the current state of research of modeling approaches and their shortcomings is given. Second, the framework MOCES is designed and implemented. Based on Modelica, it allows a holistic simulation of the power system based on the modeling of the individual behavior of each actor as well as the physical systems they act on. Finally, MOCES is applied to simulate the German power system extended by storage systems that pursue the goal to use energy as locally as possible. The model allows, i.a., to evaluate the grid load and stability, the electricity market and the yields of the actors.Die Endlichkeit fossiler Energieträger und deren Einfluss auf das globale Klima erzwingen eine Transformation des Energie- und Stromsystems -- eine Umgestaltung, die getrieben ist durch neue Technologien, veränderte Zielstellungen der Akteure und politische Rahmenbedingungen, die als Bebauungsplan zu verstehen sind. Ein etabliertes Mittel zur Findung der Rahmenbedingungen sowie der Bewertung von Strategien zur Erreichung individueller Ziele ist die Nutzung von Modellen und deren Simulation. Genau wie die Systeme selbst müssen die Modelle und Methoden angepasst werden, um die Realität hinreichend genau abzubilden. Auf diese Forschungsfrage zahlt diese Arbeit mit zwei aufeinander aufbauenden Schwerpunkten ein. Zunächst wird, ausgehend von einer holistischen Beschreibung des Energie- und Stromsystems, ein Überblick zum Forschungsstand von Modellierungsansätzen und Herausforderungen gegeben. Im zweiten Teil wird das Framework MOCES entworfen und implementiert. Basierend auf Modelica erlaubt es eine holistische Simulation des Stromsystems auf Basis der Modellierung des individuellen Verhaltens der einzelnen Akteure sowie der physikalischen Systeme, auf die sie einwirken. MOCES wird genutzt, um ein deutsches Stromsystem zu simulieren, das mit Speichern modifiziert wurde, die dem Ziel folgen, Strom möglichst lokal zu verbrauchen. Das erstellte Modell erlaubt, u.a., den Einfluss auf die Netzlast und -stabilität, den Strommarkt sowie die individuellen Erträge der Akteure zu bewerten

Applying real-time pricing for wind curtailment scenario using D2RD module of TOOCC

Multi-agent systems are widely used tools to simulate and study the energy sector because of their distributed architecture. There are several simulator tools available in literature, however, much of these prove to be very domain specific. The emergence of the Tools Control Center tool allows these simulators to cooperate in order to solve more comprehensive problems and more complex scenarios. This paper presents a module of this tool known as Demand Response Registration Digital, which allows the study of the model and programs of Demand Response. To understand the operation of this module, an example is given considering a wind curtailment scenario.The present work was done and funded in the scope of the following projects: H2020 DREAM-GO Project (Marie Sklodowska-Curie grant agreement No. 641794); and UID/EEA/00760/2019 and funded by FEDER Funds through COMPETE program and by National Funds through FCT.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Multi-Agent Decision Support Tool to Enable Interoperability among Heterogeneous Energy Systems

Worldwide electricity markets are undergoing a major restructuring process. One of the main reasons for the ongoing changes is to enable the adaptation of current market models to the new paradigm that arises from the large-scale integration of distributed generation sources. In order to deal with the unpredictability caused by the intermittent nature of the distributed generation and the large number of variables that contribute to the energy sector balance, it is extremely important to use simulation systems that are capable of dealing with the required complexity. This paper presents the Tools Control Center (TOOCC), a framework that allows the interoperability between heterogeneous energy and power simulation systems through the use of ontologies, allowing the simulation of scenarios with a high degree of complexity, through the cooperation of the individual capacities of each system. A case study based on real data is presented in order to demonstrate the interoperability capabilities of TOOCC. The simulation considers the energy management of a microgrid of a real university campus, from the perspective of the network manager and also of its consumers/producers, in a projection for a typical day of the winter of 2050.This work has been developed in the scope of the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under the Marie Sklodowska-Curie grant agreement No. 641794 (project DREAM-GO); CONTEST project - SAICT-POL/23575/2016; and has also been supported by FEDER Funds through COMPETE program and from National Funds through FCT under the project UID/EEA/00760/2013.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

NATO Code of Best Practice for C2 Assessment

This major revision to the Code of Best Practice (COBP) for C2 Assessment is the product of a NATO Research and Technology Organisation (RTO) sponsored Research Group (SAS-026). It represents over a decade of work by many of the best analysts from the NATO countries. A symposium (SAS-039) was hosted by the NATO Consultation Command Control Agency (NC3A) that provided the venue for a rigorous peer review of the code. This new version of the COBP for C2 assessment builds upon the initial version of the COBP produced by SAS-002. The earlier version focused on the analysis of ground forces at a tactical echelon in mid- to high-intensity conflicts. In developing this new version of the COBP, SAS-026 focused on a changed geopolitical context characterized by a shift from preoccupation with a war involving NATO and the Warsaw Pact to concern for a broad range of smaller military conflicts and Operations Other Than War (OOTW). This version also takes into account the impact of significantly improved information-related capabilities and their implications for reducing the fog and friction traditionally associated with conflict. Significantly reduced levels of fog and friction offer an opportunity for the military to develop new concepts of operations, new organizational forms, and new approaches to C2, as well as to the processes that support it. In addition, SAS-026 was cognizant that NATO operations are likely to include coalitions of the willing that might involve Partnership for Peace (PfP) nations, other partners outside of NATO, international organizations, and NGOs. Cost analyses continue to be excluded because they differ among NATO members, so no single approach would be appropriate. Advances in technology are expected to continue at an increasing rate and spur both sustaining and disruptive innovation in military organizations. It is to be expected that this COBP will need to be periodically revisited in light of these developments.https://digitalcommons.odu.edu/msve_books/1012/thumbnail.jp

Literature review of the remote sensing of natural resources

Abstracts of 596 documents related to remote sensors or the remote sensing of natural resources by satellite, aircraft, or ground-based stations are presented. Topics covered include general theory, geology and hydrology, agriculture and forestry, marine sciences, urban land use, and instrumentation. Recent documents not yet cited in any of the seven information sources used for the compilation are summarized. An author/key word index is provided

Sixteenth NASTRAN (R) Users' Colloquium

These are the proceedings of the Sixteenth NASTRAN Users' Colloquium held in Arlington, Virginia from 25 to 29 April, 1988. Technical papers contributed by participants review general application of finite element methodology and the specific application of the NASA Structural Analysis System (NASTRAN) to a variety of static and dynamic structural problems

The total assessment profile, volume 1

A methodology is described for the evaluation of societal impacts associated with the implementation of a new technology. Theoretical foundations for the methodology, called the total assessment profile, are established from both the economic and social science perspectives. The procedure provides for accountability of nonquantifiable factors and measures through the use of a comparative value matrix by assessing the impacts of the technology on the value system of the society

Attitude dynamic of spin-stabilized satellites with flexible appendages

Equations of motion and computer programs have been developed for analyzing the motion of a spin-stabilized spacecraft having long, flexible appendages. Stability charts were derived, or can be redrawn with the desired accuracy for any particular set of design parameters. Simulation graphs of variables of interest are readily obtainable on line using program FLEXAT. Finally, applications to actual satellites, such as UK-4 and IMP-1 have been considered