Impact of the organizational structure on operations management : the airline operations control centre case study

Documento confidencial. Não pode ser disponibilizado para consultaTese de mestrado integrado. Engenharia Informática e Computação. Faculdade de Engenharia. Universidade do Porto. 201

Unmanned Aerial Systems: Research, Development, Education & Training at Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University

With technological breakthroughs in miniaturized aircraft-related components, including but not limited to communications, computer systems and sensors, state-of-the-art unmanned aerial systems (UAS) have become a reality. This fast-growing industry is anticipating and responding to a myriad of societal applications that will provide new and more cost-effective solutions that previous technologies could not, or will replace activities that involved humans in flight with associated risks. Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University has a long history of aviation-related research and education, and is heavily engaged in UAS activities. This document provides a summary of these activities, and is divided into two parts. The first part provides a brief summary of each of the various activities, while the second part lists the faculty associated with those activities. Within the first part of this document we have separated UAS activities into two broad areas: Engineering and Applications. Each of these broad areas is then further broken down into six sub-areas, which are listed in the Table of Contents. The second part lists the faculty, sorted by campus (Daytona Beach-D, Prescott-P and Worldwide-W) associated with the UAS activities. The UAS activities and the corresponding faculty are cross-referenced. We have chosen to provide very short summaries of the UAS activities rather than lengthy descriptions. If more information is desired, please contact me directly, or visit our research website (https://erau.edu/research), or contact the appropriate faculty member using their e-mail address provided at the end of this document

Complexity challenges in ATM

After more than 4 years of activity, the ComplexWorld Network, together with the projects and PhDs covered under the SESAR long-term research umbrella, have developed sound research material contributing to progress beyond the state of the art in fields such as resilience, uncertainty, multi-agent systems, metrics and data science. The achievements made by the ComplexWorld stakeholders have also led to the identification of new challenges that need to be addressed in the future. In order to pave the way for complexity science research in Air Traffic Management (ATM) in the coming years, ComplexWorld requested external assessments on how the challenges have been covered and where there are existing gaps. For that purpose, ComplexWorld, with the support of EUROCONTROL, established an expert panel to review selected documentation developed by the network and provide their assessment on their topic of expertise

3D-in-2D Displays for ATC.

This paper reports on the efforts and accomplishments of the 3D-in-2D Displays for ATC project at the end of Year 1. We describe the invention of 10 novel 3D/2D visualisations that were mostly implemented in the Augmented Reality ARToolkit. These prototype implementations of visualisation and interaction elements can be viewed on the accompanying video. We have identified six candidate design concepts which we will further research and develop. These designs correspond with the early feasibility studies stage of maturity as defined by the NASA Technology Readiness Level framework. We developed the Combination Display Framework from a review of the literature, and used it for analysing display designs in terms of display technique used and how they are combined. The insights we gained from this framework then guided our inventions and the human-centered innovation process we use to iteratively invent. Our designs are based on an understanding of user work practices. We also developed a simple ATC simulator that we used for rapid experimentation and evaluation of design ideas. We expect that if this project continues, the effort in Year 2 and 3 will be focus on maturing the concepts and employment in a operational laboratory settings

Simulation-Based Virtual Cycle for Multi-Level Airport Analysis

The aeronautical industry is expanding after a period of economic turmoil. For this reason, a growing number of airports are facing capacity problems that can sometimes only be resolved by expanding infrastructure, with the inherent risks that such decisions create. In order to deal with uncertainty at different levels, it is necessary to have relevant tools during an expansion project or during the planning phases of new infrastructure. This article presents a methodology that combines simulation approaches with different description levels that complement each other when applied to the development of a new airport. The methodology is illustrated with an example that uses two models for an expansion project of an airport in The Netherlands. One model focuses on the operation of the airport from a high-level position, while the second focuses on other technical aspects of the operation that challenge the feasibility of the proposed configuration of the apron. The results show that by applying the methodology, analytical power is enhanced and the risk of making the wrong decisions is reduced. We identified the limitations that the future facility will have and the impact of the physical characteristics of the traffic that will operate in the airport. The methodology can be used for tackling different problems and studying particular performance indicators to help decision-makers take more informed decisions.Grupo de Transporte Aéreo - Grupo de Ingeniería Aplicada a la Industri

Simulation-Based Virtual Cycle for Multi-Level Airport Analysis

The aeronautical industry is expanding after a period of economic turmoil. For this reason, a growing number of airports are facing capacity problems that can sometimes only be resolved by expanding infrastructure, with the inherent risks that such decisions create. In order to deal with uncertainty at different levels, it is necessary to have relevant tools during an expansion project or during the planning phases of new infrastructure. This article presents a methodology that combines simulation approaches with different description levels that complement each other when applied to the development of a new airport. The methodology is illustrated with an example that uses two models for an expansion project of an airport in The Netherlands. One model focuses on the operation of the airport from a high-level position, while the second focuses on other technical aspects of the operation that challenge the feasibility of the proposed configuration of the apron. The results show that by applying the methodology, analytical power is enhanced and the risk of making the wrong decisions is reduced. We identified the limitations that the future facility will have and the impact of the physical characteristics of the traffic that will operate in the airport. The methodology can be used for tackling different problems and studying particular performance indicators to help decision-makers take more informed decisions.Grupo de Transporte Aéreo - Grupo de Ingeniería Aplicada a la Industri

강화학습을 이용한 공항 임시폐쇄 상황에서의 항공 일정계획 복원

학위논문 (석사) -- 서울대학교 대학원 : 공과대학 산업공학과, 2021. 2. 문일경.An airline scheduler plans flight schedules with efficient resource utilization. However, unpredictable events, such as the temporary closure of an airport, disrupt planned flight schedules. Therefore, recovering disrupted flight schedules is essential for airlines. We propose Q-learning and Double Q-learning algorithms using reinforcement learning approach for the aircraft recovery problem (ARP) in cases of temporary closures of airports. We use two recovery options: delaying departures of flights and swapping aircraft. We present an artificial environment of daily flight schedules and the Markov decision process (MDP) for the ARP. We evaluate the proposed approach on a set of experiments carried out on a real-world case of a Korean domestic airline. Computational experiments show that reinforcement learning algorithms recover disrupted flight schedules effectively, and that our approaches flexibly adapt to various objectives and realistic conditions.항공사는 보유하고 있는 자원을 최대한 효율적으로 사용하여 항공 일정계획을 수립하기 위해 비용과 시간을 많이 소모하게 된다. 하지만 공항 임시폐쇄와 같은 긴급 상황이 발생하면 항공편의 비정상 운항이 발생하게 된다. 따라서 이러한 상황이 발생하였을 때, 피해를 최대한 줄이기 위해 항공 일정계획을 복원하게 된다. 본 연구는 강화학습을 이용하여 공항 임시폐쇄 상황에서 항공 일정계획 복원 문제를 푼다. 본 연구에서는 항공기 복원 방법으로 항공편 지연과 항공기 교체의 두 가지 방법을 채택하였으며, 항공 일정계획 복원 문제에 강화학습을 적용하기 위해서 마르코프 결정 과정과 강화학습 환경을 구축하였다. 본 실험을 위해 대한민국 항공사의 실제 국내선 항공 일정계획을 사용하였다. 강화학습 알고리즘을 사용하여 기존의 연구에 비해 항공 일정계획을 효율적으로 복원하였으며, 여러 현실적인 조건과 다양한 목적함수에 유연하게 적용하였다.Abstract i Contents iv List of Tables v List of Figures vi Chapter 1 Introduction 1 Chapter 2 Literature Review 7 Chapter 3 Problem statement 11 3.1 Characteristics of aircraft, flights, and flight schedule requirements 11 3.2 Definitions of disruptions and recovery options and objectives of the problem 13 3.3 Assumptions 16 3.4 Mathematical formulations 19 Chapter 4 Reinforcement learning for aircraft recovery 24 4.1 Principles of reinforcement learning 24 4.2 Environment 27 4.3 Markov decision process 29 Chapter 5 Reinforcement learning algorithms 33 5.1 Q-learning algorithm 33 5.2 Overestimation bias and Double Q-learning algorithm 36 Chapter 6 Computational experiments 38 6.1 Comparison between reinforcement learning and existing algorithms 39 6.2 Performance of the TLN varying the size of delay arcs 46 6.3 Aircraft recovery for a complex real-world case: a Korean domestic airline 48 6.4 Validation for different objectives 54 6.5 Managerial insights 57 Chapter 7 Conclusions 59 Bibliography 61 국문초록 69Maste