Surface scanning with uncoded structured light sources.

Structured Light Scanners measure the surface of a target object, producing a set of vertices which can be used to construct a three-dimensional model of the surface. The techniques are particularly appropriate for measuring the smoothly undulating, featureless forms which Stereo Vision methods find difficult, and the structured light pattern explicitly gives a dense graph of connected vertices, thus obviating the need for vertex-triangulation prior to surface reconstruction. In addition, the technique provides the measurements almost instantaneously, and so is suitable for scanning moving and non-rigid objects. Because of these advantages there is an imperative to extend the range of scannable surfaces to those including occlusions, which often reduce or prevent successful measurement.This thesis investigates ways of improving both the accuracy and the range of surface types which can be scanned using structured light techniques, extending current research by examining the role of occlusions and geometric constraints, and introducing novel algorithms to solve the Indexing Problem. The Indexing Problem demands that for every pattern element in the projected image, its counterpart, reflected from the surface of the target object, must be found in the recorded image, and most researchers have declared this problem to be intractable without resorting to coding schemes which uniquely identify each pattern element. The use of uncoded projection patterns, where the pattern elements are projected without any unique identification, has two advantages: firstly it provides the densest possible set of measured vertices within a single video timeframe, and secondly it allows the investigation of the fundamental problems without the distraction of dealing with coding schemes. These advantages educe the general strategy adopted in this thesis, of attempting to solve the Indexing Problem using uncoded patterns, and then adding some coding where difficulties still remain.In order to carry out these investigations it is necessary to precisely measure the system and its outputs, and to achieve this requirement two scanners have been built, a Single Stripe Scanner and a Multiple Stripe Scanner. The Single Stripe Scanner introduces the geometric measurement methods and provides a reference output which matches the industry standard; the Multiple Stripe Scanner then tests the results of the investigations and evaluates the success of the new algorithms and constraints. In addition, some of the investigations are tested theoretically, by using synthetic data and by the solution of geometric diagrams.These evaluations of success show that, if occlusions are not present in the recorded data, the Indexing Problem can often be completely solved if the new indexing algorithms and geometric constraints are included. Furthermore, while there are some cases where the Indexing Problem cannot be solved without recourse to a coding scheme, the addition of occlusion detection in the algorithms greatly improves the indexing accuracy and therefore the successful measurement of the target surface

The Federal Conference on Intelligent Processing Equipment

Research and development projects involving intelligent processing equipment within the following U.S. agencies are addressed: Department of Agriculture, Department of Commerce, Department of Energy, Department of Defense, Environmental Protection Agency, Federal Emergency Management Agency, NASA, National Institutes of Health, and the National Science Foundation

Town of Dunbarton, New Hampshire for the fiscal year ending December 31, 2018.

This is an annual report containing vital statistics for a town/city in the state of New Hampshire

Town of Dunbarton, New Hampshire for the fiscal year ending December 31, 2017.

This is an annual report containing vital statistics for a town/city in the state of New Hampshire

Town of Dunbarton, New Hampshire for the fiscal year ending December 31, 2016.

This is an annual report containing vital statistics for a town/city in the state of New Hampshire

A longitudinal study of facial growth in infants using a three-dimensional imaging technique

This study aimed to measure the facial morphology and growth of 100 infants in the West of Scotland from the age of 3 months to 2 years using a three dimensional imaging system, C3D. One of the aims of the study was to validate the use of the C3D system to measure facial morphology in infants. Further aims were to establish references values for facial dimensions in infants, to establish the normal growth of facial parameters from 3 months to 2 years, to correlate facial and body growth, to ascertain any sexual dimorphism, to establish the degree of facial asymmetry and to determine any longitudinal changes in facial asymmetry in infant’s faces. Eighty three infants at 3 months, 93 infants at 6 months, 91 infants at 1 year and 92 infants at 2 years were successfully captured with a lips apart pose. Reference values for facial dimensions in infants at these ages were established. Significant gender differences were found for most facial measurements at all ages with the males being larger than the females. These differences were greatest for face height, depths and widths with mean differences ranging from 1.7 to 4.0 mm. No gender differences were found in any of the angles measured. Several dimensions on the right side of the face were found to be significantly larger than the left. This was most marked for face depths with mean differences of 0.8 mm. The range of normal facial asymmetry scores was determined. No significant difference in asymmetry was found between the males and females. The upper face was found to be the most asymmetric region studied and the nostrils were the least asymmetric. Correlation of facial measurements with body dimensions found weak but significant correlations with the highest correlation coefficient of 0.69 between face depth and body weight. Nasal tip protrusion, nostril dimensions and lip heights were not correlated with body dimensions. Seventy one infants, 37 males and 34 females, were successfully captured at all four ages with the lips apart and were included in the longitudinal analysis. The longitudinal changes in facial parameters were established from 3 months to 2 years and mean growth curves produced. The fastest growth was found from 3 to 6 months and the slowest from 1 to 2 years. There were no correlation between growth of the face and growth in body weight, length and head circumference. Significant reductions in the overall facial asymmetry score were found from 3 months to 2 years. The clinical significance of this reduction is still to be determined

New Hampshire general court, journal of the house of representatives, containing the 1999 session December 2, 1998 through November 3, 1999.

Titles and imprints vary; Some volumes include miscellaneous state documents and reports; Rules of the House of Representative

Delimitation and Demarcation of Boundaries in Africa: General Issues and Case Studies

The delimitation and demarcation initiative meets three imperative needs: The first is geopolitical, concerning the peace, security and stability that derive from conflict prevention. The Programme does not aim for a new ‘Balkanisation’; rather, it is a way to reinforce State territorial sovereignty that brings with it the freedom to open up and integrate. The second need is geo-economics: a visible, well-managed border encourages trade. The third need is socio-economic, as local cross-border cooperation initiatives between committed neighbouring communities can be supported. Africa’s borders should become a source of peace, security, and integration for the continent. They should constitute a perfect equation, harmoniously balancing all relevant factors – including the legal determinants and human realities on the ground – to promote the shared, common values of the populations concerned.Government of the Federal Republic of Germany as well as the Deutsche Gesellschaft für Internationale Zusammenarbeit (GIZ