Design and Development of Gas Leakage Monitoring System Using Arduino and ZigBee

Gas leakage in industrial area causes many health issues. Thus, to prevent such disasters happen, the atmosphere of a workplace should be regularly monitored and controlled, in order to maintain the clean air environment. However, efforts in industrial air quality control have been impeded by the lack of science-based approaches to identify and assess atmosphere air quality and level of dangerous gas. Therefore, a monitoring system for gas leakage detection needs to be developed. For the development of this system, the combustible gas sensor (MQ9) was used in order to detect the present of methane (CH4) and carbon monoxide gas (CO). This sensor will detect the concentration of the gas according to the voltage output of sensor and operated in the alarm system, autonomous control system and monitoring system by using Arduino uno as the microcontroller for the whole system. Whereas the Zigbee will send the data reading from the gas sensor to monitoring system that display on LabVIEW Graphical User Interface (GUI). Besides, user can take immediate action upon the leakage occurs, else the gas supply and the system will shut down automatically within 10 minutes to prevent the condition becoming worst

Design and Development of Gas Leakage Monitoring System using Arduino and ZigBee

Gas leakage in industrial area causes many health issues. Thus, to prevent such disasters happen, the atmosphere of a workplace should be regularly monitored and controlled, in order to maintain the clean air environment. However, efforts in industrial air quality control have been impeded by the lack of science-based approaches to identify and assess atmosphere air quality and level of dangerous gas. Therefore, a monitoring system for gas leakage detection needs to be developed. For the development of this system, the combustible gas sensor (MQ9) was used in order to detect the present of methane (CH4) and carbon monoxide gas (CO). This sensor will detect the concentration of the gas according to the voltage output of sensor and operated in the alarm system, autonomous control system and monitoring system by using Arduino uno as the microcontroller for the whole system. Whereas the Zigbee will send the data reading from the gas sensor to monitoring system that display on LabVIEW Graphical User Interface (GUI). Besides, user can take immediate action upon the leakage occurs, else the gas supply and the system will shut down automatically within 10 minutes to prevent the condition becoming worst

Gas Leakage Detection System (GLDS)

This paper mainly focuses on the detection of gas leakage and providing security when the user is around or away from home. The system is Short Message Service (SMS) based and uses wireless technology for providing security against gas leakage to users hence cost effective and more adaptable. The system comprises of sensors for detecting gas leakinterfaced to microcontroller that will give an alert to user whenever there is a gas leakage, display warning information by using Liquid Crystal Display (LCD), sending SMS to the user for notification wherever he/she might be and turning off electric power with the help of magnetic relay. This will enable the user to take precaution of explosion disaster whichmay result on Liquefied Petroleum Gas (LPG) cookers like loss of properties, injury or even death. GLDS provides ideal solution to gas leakage problems faced by home owners in daily life

Optical fiber sensors based on nanostructured materials for environmental applications

La contaminación ambiental es la presencia de agentes físicos, químicos o biológicos presentes en el agua, suelo y aire; siendo perjudiciales para la salud de las personas, así como para la vida vegetal y animal. Las actividades económicas son esenciales para el desarrollo de la sociedad, sin embargo, muchas de estas actividades son una fuente de contaminación constante. Por ejemplo, la fuga de fluidos y gases en plantas industriales afectan negativamente a la salud e higiene para la elaboración de alimentos, bebidas, aditivos y materias primas causando un impacto ambiental y económico negativo en la industria. La búsqueda continua de métodos para el desarrollo de sistemas de medición es una característica de la evolución tecnológica de la humanidad. Las fibras ópticas presentan varias ventajas para ser empleadas en sistemas sensores; tales ventajas son: inmunidad a la interferencia electromagnética, dimensiones reducidas, ligeras, bajas pérdidas, fácil multiplexación y resistencias a la corrosión, entre otras. En general, podemos encontrar una amplia gama de aplicaciones en la industria para el desarrollo de sensores en fibra óptica. Sin embargo, en esta tesis se han seleccionado tres aplicaciones industriales de interés relevante: detección de gas amoniaco a bajas concentraciones, detección de adulteración en bebidas alcohólicas y detección de adulteración de combustibles. Se caracterizan los parámetros de los sensores desarrollados tales como la sensitividad, reversibilidad, reproducibilidad y precisión para la medición de cada tipo de sensor. Los resultados obtenidos en esta tesis serán útiles en el estudio de nuevos materiales aplicables a sensores ópticos, permitiendo la apertura a nuevas vías de investigación en el campo de los sensores en fibra óptica para aplicaciones industriales.Environmental pollution is the presence of physical, chemical or biological agents in water, soil and air which are harmful to our health, safety and welfare of the people as well as plant and animal life. Economic activities are essential to the development of society; however, many of these activities are a constant source of contamination. For example, leakage of fluids and gases in industrial plants adversely affect the health and hygiene for food processing, beverages, additives and raw materials causing serious environmental and economic impact on the general industry. The continual search for methods for developing measurement systems is a feature in the technological evolution of humankind. Optical fibers exhibit several advantages such as being immune to electromagnetic interferences, reduced dimensions, lightweight, low losses, easy multiplexation and resistant to corrosion for the development of optical fibers sensors. However, we selected three applications were the principle of operation of our sensor provides an advantage over other reported sensors: gaseous ammonia detection for low concentrations, adulteration of alcoholic beverages detection and combustibles quality control. The overall objective of this research is to design, fabricate, deploy and verify the correct operation of optical fiber structures for the identification of interesting liquid and gaseous environmental pollutants. The sensors parameters such as its sensitivity, reversibility, reproducibility and accuracy of measurement for each type of sensor are also characterized. These results obtained from this thesis would be a useful work in the study of new materials applicable to optical sensors, while opening new avenues of research in the field of optical fiber sensors for industrial applications.La realización de esta tesis ha sido posible gracias al apoyo recibido por parte del Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología (CONACYT) bajo el contrato CB-2010/157866 y CB-2010/156529, así como de la Comisión Interministerial de Ciencia y Tecnología a través de la financiación de los proyectos CICYT fondos FEDER TEC2010-17805.Programa Oficial de Doctorado en Tecnologías de las Comunicaciones (RD 1393/2007)Komunikazioen Teknologietako Doktoretza Programa Ofiziala (ED 1393/2007

Environmental Application of High Sensitive Gas Sensors with Tunable Diode Laser Absorption Spectroscopy

Due to the fact of global warming, air quality deterioration and health concern over the past few decades, great demands and tremendous efforts for new technology to detect hazard gases such as CH4, CO2, CO, H2S, and HONO have been performed. Tunable diode laser absorption spectroscopy (TDLAS) is a kind of technology with advantages of high sensitivity, high selectivity, and fast responsivity. It has been widely used in the applications of greenhouse gas measurements, industrial process control, combustion gas measurements, medicine, and so on. In this chapter, we will briefly summarize the most recent progress on TDLAS technology and present several kinds of gas sensors developed mainly by our group for various field applications. These could expand from energy, environment, and public safety to medical science

Design of a Solid-State Electrochemical Methane Sensor Based on Laser-Induced Graphene

Methane is a potent greenhouse gas with significant, yet largely unknown, emissions occurring across gas distribution networks and mining/extraction infrastructure. The development of low-cost, low-power electrochemical sensors could provide an inexpensive means to carry out distributed and easy sensing over the entire network and to identify leaks for rapid mitigation. In this work, a simple and cost-effective approach is proposed for developing electrochemical methane sensors which operate at room temperature with the highest reported sensitivity and response time. Laser-induced graphene (LIG) technology, which selectively carbonizes commercial polyimide films using a low-cost CO₂ laser cutting and patterning system is utilized. Interdigitated LIG electrodes are infiltrated with a dilute palladium (Pd) nanoparticle dispersion which distributes within and coats the high surface area LIG electrode. A pseudo-solid state electrolyte ionic liquid (IL)/polyvinylidene fluoride was painted onto the flexible cell resulting in a porous electrolyte structure which allows for rapid gas transport and improved three-phase contact between methane, IL and Pd. By subjecting the resulting sensors to methane in a gas flow cell, with off-gas analysis analyzed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, the performance of the sensor over a wide range of operating conditions can be determined and the methane oxidation mechanism can be investigated. The optimized system provides a rapid response (less than 50 s) and high sensitivity (0.55 μA/ppm/cm²) enabling a ppb-level detection limit

Accidental release of Liquefied Natural Gas in a processing facility: Effect of equipment congestion level on dispersion behaviour of the flammable vapour

An accidental leakage of Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG) can occur during processes of production, storage andtransportation. LNG has a complex dispersion characteristic after release into the atmosphere. This complexbehaviour demands a detailed description of the scientific phenomena involved in the dispersion of the releasedLNG. Moreover, a fugitive LNG leakage may remain undetected in complex geometry usually in semi-confined orconfined areas and is prone to fire and explosion events. To identify location of potential fire and/or explosionevents, resulting from accidental leakage and dispersion of LNG, a dispersion modelling of leakage is essential.This study proposes a methodology comprising of release scenarios, credible leak size, simulation, comparison ofcongestion level and mass of flammable vapour for modelling the dispersion of a small leakage of LNG and itsvapour in a typical layout using Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) approach. The methodology is applied to acase study considering a small leakage of LNG in three levels of equipment congestion. The potential fire and/orexplosion hazard of small leaks is assessed considering both time dependent concentration analysis and areabased model. Mass of flammable vapour is estimated in each case and effect of equipment congestion on sourceterms and dispersion characteristics are analysed. The result demonstrates that the small leak of LNG can createhazardous scenarios for a fire and/or explosion event. It is also revealed that higher degree of equipmentcongestion increases the retention time of vapour and intensifies the formation of pockets of isolated vapourcloud. This study would help in designing appropriate leak and dispersion detection systems, effective monitoring procedures and risk assessmen

Refrigerant Concentration Mapping Using Real-Time Gas Monitoring; Phase I- Data Collection System Verification

Environmental regulations are increasingly restricting the use of traditional high global warming potential (GWP) fluorinated refrigerants (1). Hydrofluorocarbons or HFCs are fluorinated refrigerants with zero ozone depletion potential (ODP). They are typified by having good shelf and use stability, material compatibility, adequate capacity and generally good performance across a range of operating conditions all while being non-flammable. However, due to the high GWP (\u3e1000-5000), they are losing favor in the marketplace. Many international equipment standards (IEC 60335-2-24, IEC 60335-2-40, IEC 60335-2-89, etc.) and installation standards (ISO 5149) are being revised to further enable use of lower GWP, 0 ODP refrigerants which are flammable (2,3,4,5) Therefore, understanding how different classes of flammable refrigerants leak and pool is a key input to equipment safety standard design. While there have been many recent studies focusing on ASHRAE class 2L (low) flammability refrigerants not much work has been done reviewing ASHRAE class 3 (high) flammable refrigerants, such as propane (6). Therefore, this work was to review how a hydrocarbon, namely propane, could leak from refrigerant A/C equipment and the size and potential concentration pattern from such a leak. Due to the size and scope of this project, it was divided into three parts. The first part of this project was to construct a typical room with an installed packaged heating/air-conditioning unit (PTAC, frequently used in motels) and set-up data collection equipment to reliably collect point concentration and area (room) concentration data. The next part of the project will focus on reviewing leak patterns from equipment using thermal imaging. The third and final part of the project will connect the leak concentrations and patterns together to provide an overview of real-time leakage of propane from an installed PTAC

Paper Session III-A - Advanced Development of Ground Instrumentation as a Key Strategy in Improving the Safety and Efficiency of Space Shuttle Checkout and Launch

This paper describes some of the advanced technology instruments produced by the Instrumentation Development Laboratories at Kennedy Space Center. These systems contribute to the realization of the goals of “better, faster, cheaper” set by the NASA Administrator and provide a steady stream of inventions which benefit the commercial marketplace through NASA’s Commercialization and Dual Use Programs. The paper discusses advanced sensors and systems developed in the technical disciplines of cryogenic and toxic gas detection, leak location, hydrogen flame detection, data acquisition, navigation and positioning, payload contamination monitoring, non-destructive inspection, and the specific contributions made to improve safety and efficiency of the Space Shuttle checkout and launch process. These technologies are government programs or for technology transfer to the commercial sector

Hydrogen Handler/Safety Course

This viewgraph presentation describes the process of handling hydrogen safely. It also gives a general description of hydrogen, its uses, hazards, and material incompatability