7,913 research outputs found
Using LSTM recurrent neural networks for monitoring the LHC superconducting magnets
The superconducting LHC magnets are coupled with an electronic monitoring
system which records and analyses voltage time series reflecting their
performance. A currently used system is based on a range of preprogrammed
triggers which launches protection procedures when a misbehavior of the magnets
is detected. All the procedures used in the protection equipment were designed
and implemented according to known working scenarios of the system and are
updated and monitored by human operators.
This paper proposes a novel approach to monitoring and fault protection of
the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) superconducting magnets which employs
state-of-the-art Deep Learning algorithms. Consequently, the authors of the
paper decided to examine the performance of LSTM recurrent neural networks for
modeling of voltage time series of the magnets. In order to address this
challenging task different network architectures and hyper-parameters were used
to achieve the best possible performance of the solution. The regression
results were measured in terms of RMSE for different number of future steps and
history length taken into account for the prediction. The best result of
RMSE=0.00104 was obtained for a network of 128 LSTM cells within the internal
layer and 16 steps history buffer
The Design of a System Architecture for Mobile Multimedia Computers
This chapter discusses the system architecture of a portable computer, called Mobile Digital Companion, which provides support for handling multimedia applications energy efficiently. Because battery life is limited and battery weight is an important factor for the size and the weight of the Mobile Digital Companion, energy management plays a crucial role in the architecture. As the Companion must remain usable in a variety of environments, it has to be flexible and adaptable to various operating conditions. The Mobile Digital Companion has an unconventional architecture that saves energy by using system decomposition at different levels of the architecture and exploits locality of reference with dedicated, optimised modules. The approach is based on dedicated functionality and the extensive use of energy reduction techniques at all levels of system design. The system has an architecture with a general-purpose processor accompanied by a set of heterogeneous autonomous programmable modules, each providing an energy efficient implementation of dedicated tasks. A reconfigurable internal communication network switch exploits locality of reference and eliminates wasteful data copies
Access and metro network convergence for flexible end-to-end network design
This paper reports on the architectural, protocol, physical layer, and integrated testbed demonstrations carried out by the DISCUS FP7 consortium in the area of access - metro network convergence. Our architecture modeling results show the vast potential for cost and power savings that node consolidation can bring. The architecture, however, also recognizes the limits of long-reach transmission for low-latency 5G services and proposes ways to address such shortcomings in future projects. The testbed results, which have been conducted end-to-end, across access - metro and core, and have targeted all the layers of the network from the application down to the physical layer, show the practical feasibility of the concepts proposed in the project
Cybersecurity Vulnerabilities in Smart Grids with Solar Photovoltaic: A Threat Modelling and Risk Assessment Approach
Cybersecurity is a growing concern for smart grids, especially with the integration of solar photovoltaics (PVs). With the installation of more solar and the advancement of inverters, utilities are provided with real-time solar power generation and other information through various tools. However, these tools must be properly secured to prevent the grid from becoming more vulnerable to cyber-attacks. This study proposes a threat modeling and risk assessment approach tailored to smart grids incorporating solar PV systems. The approach involves identifying, assessing, and mitigating risks through threat modeling and risk assessment. A threat model is designed by adapting and applying general threat modeling steps to the context of smart grids with solar PV. The process involves the identification of device assets and access points within the smart grid infrastructure. Subsequently, the threats to these devices were classified utilizing the STRIDE model. To further prioritize the identified threat, the DREAD threat-risk ranking model is employed. The threat modeling stage reveals several high-risk threats to the smart grid infrastructure, including Information Disclosure, Elevation of Privilege, and Tampering. Targeted recommendations in the form of mitigation controls are formulated to secure the smart gridâs posture against these identified threats. The risk ratings provided in this study offer valuable insights into the cybersecurity risks associated with smart grids incorporating solar PV systems, while also providing practical guidance for risk mitigation. Tailored mitigation strategies are proposed to address these vulnerabilities. By taking proactive measures, energy sector stakeholders may strengthen the security of their smart grid infrastructure and protect critical operations from potential cyber threats
Derivation of Power System Module Metamodels for Early Shipboard Design Explorations
The U.S. Navy is currently challenged to develop new ship designs under compressed schedules.
These ship designs must necessarily incorporate emerging technologies for high power energy
conversion in order to enable smaller ship designs with a high degree of electrification and
next generation electrified weapons. One way this challenge is being addressed is through development
of collaborative concurrent design environment that allows for design space exploration
across a wide range of implementation options. The most significant challenge is assurance of
a dependable power and energy service via the shipboard Integrated Power and Energy System
(IPES). The IPES is largely made up of interconnected power conversion and distribution equipment
with allocated functionalities in order to meet demanding Quality of Power, Quality of Service
and Survivability requirements. Feasible IPES implementations must fit within the ship hull
constraints and must not violate limitations on ship displacement. This Thesis applies the theory
of dependability to the use of scalable metamodels for power conversion and distribution equipment
within a collaborative concurrent design environment to enable total ship set-based design
outcomes that result implementable design specifications for procurement of equipment to be used
in the final ship implementation
Derivation of Power System Module Metamodels for Early Shipboard Design Explorations
The U.S. Navy is currently challenged to develop new ship designs under compressed schedules.
These ship designs must necessarily incorporate emerging technologies for high power energy
conversion in order to enable smaller ship designs with a high degree of electrification and
next generation electrified weapons. One way this challenge is being addressed is through development
of collaborative concurrent design environment that allows for design space exploration
across a wide range of implementation options. The most significant challenge is assurance of
a dependable power and energy service via the shipboard Integrated Power and Energy System
(IPES). The IPES is largely made up of interconnected power conversion and distribution equipment
with allocated functionalities in order to meet demanding Quality of Power, Quality of Service
and Survivability requirements. Feasible IPES implementations must fit within the ship hull
constraints and must not violate limitations on ship displacement. This Thesis applies the theory
of dependability to the use of scalable metamodels for power conversion and distribution equipment
within a collaborative concurrent design environment to enable total ship set-based design
outcomes that result implementable design specifications for procurement of equipment to be used
in the final ship implementation
Impact of key design constraints on fault management strategies for distributed electrical propulsion aircraft
Electrically driven distributed propulsion has been presented as a possible solution to reduce aircraft noise and emissions, despite increasing global levels of air travel. In order to realise electrical propulsion, novel aircraft electrical systems are required. Since the electrical system must maintain security of power supply to the motors during flight, the protection devices employed on an electrical propulsion aircraft will form a crucial part of system design. However, electrical protection for complex aircraft electrical systems poses a number of challenges, particularly with regard to the weight, volume and efficiency constraints specific to aerospace applications. Furthermore, electrical systems will need to operate at higher power levels and incorporate new technologies, many of which are unproven at altitude and in the harsh aircraft environment. Therefore, todayâs commercially available aerospace protection technologies are likely to require significant development before they can be considered as part of a fault management strategy for a next generation aircraft. By mapping the protection device trade space based on published literature to date, the discrepancy between the current status of protection devices and the target specifications can be identified for a given time frame. This paper will describe a process of electrical network design that is driven by the protection system requirements, incorporates key technology constraints and analyses the protection device trade space to derive feasible fault management strategies
Internet of robotic things : converging sensing/actuating, hypoconnectivity, artificial intelligence and IoT Platforms
The Internet of Things (IoT) concept is evolving rapidly and influencing newdevelopments in various application domains, such as the Internet of MobileThings (IoMT), Autonomous Internet of Things (A-IoT), Autonomous Systemof Things (ASoT), Internet of Autonomous Things (IoAT), Internetof Things Clouds (IoT-C) and the Internet of Robotic Things (IoRT) etc.that are progressing/advancing by using IoT technology. The IoT influencerepresents new development and deployment challenges in different areassuch as seamless platform integration, context based cognitive network integration,new mobile sensor/actuator network paradigms, things identification(addressing, naming in IoT) and dynamic things discoverability and manyothers. The IoRT represents new convergence challenges and their need to be addressed, in one side the programmability and the communication ofmultiple heterogeneous mobile/autonomous/robotic things for cooperating,their coordination, configuration, exchange of information, security, safetyand protection. Developments in IoT heterogeneous parallel processing/communication and dynamic systems based on parallelism and concurrencyrequire new ideas for integrating the intelligent âdevicesâ, collaborativerobots (COBOTS), into IoT applications. Dynamic maintainability, selfhealing,self-repair of resources, changing resource state, (re-) configurationand context based IoT systems for service implementation and integrationwith IoT network service composition are of paramount importance whennew âcognitive devicesâ are becoming active participants in IoT applications.This chapter aims to be an overview of the IoRT concept, technologies,architectures and applications and to provide a comprehensive coverage offuture challenges, developments and applications
Comparative assessment of control strategies for the biradial turbine in the Mutriku OWC plant
To be competitive against other renewable energy sources, energy converted from the ocean waves needs to reduce its associated levelised cost of energy. It has been proven that advanced control algorithms can increase power production and device reliability. They act throughout the power conversion chain, from the hydrodynamics of wave absorption to the power take-off to improve the energy yield. The present work highlights the development and test of several algorithms to control the biradial turbine which is to be installed in the Mutriku oscillating water column plant. A collection of adaptive and predictive controllers is explored and both turbine speed controllers and latching strategies are examined. A Wave-to-Wire model of one chamber of the plant is detailed and simulation results of six control laws are obtained. The controllers are then validated using an electrical test infrastructure to prepare the future deployment in the plant. Finally, the control strategies are assessed against criteria like energy production, power quality or reliability.This work has received funding from the European Union'sHorizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grantagreement No 654444 (OPERA Project). This work was financed by GV/EJ (Basque Country Government) under grants IT1324-19. The second author was partially funded by the Portuguese Foundationfor Science and Technology (FCT) through IDMEC, under LAETAPEst-OE/EME/LA0022 by FCT researcher grant No. IF/01457/2014.The authors acknowledge AZTI Tecnalia for wave resource data measured at the plant
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