106 research outputs found

    Designing Broadband over Power Lines Networks Using the Techno-Economic Pedagogical (TEP) Method – Part II: Overhead Low-Voltage and Medium-Voltage Channels and Their Modal Transmission Characteristics

    Get PDF
    Based on the techno-economic pedagogical (TEP) method proposed in [1] that is suitable for designing Broadband over Power Lines (BPL) networks in transmission and distribution power grids, this paper examines the broadband potential of overhead low-voltage/broadband over power lines (LV/BPL) and medium-voltage/broadband over power lines (MV/BPL) networks.In this paper, on the basis of the set of linear simplifications and techno-economic metrics already presented in [1], TEP method demonstrates to undergraduate electrical and computer engineering (ECE) students the behavior of overhead LV/BPL and MV/BPL networks in terms of their modal transmission characteristics when different overhead LV/BPL and MV/BPL topologies occur.The contribution of this paper is four-fold. First, the factors influencing modal transmission characteristics of overhead LV/BPL and MV/BPL networks are investigated with regard to their spectral behavior and end-to-end channel attenuation. Second, the impact of the multiplicity of branches at the same junction is first examined. In the light of cascaded two-way power dividers, TEP method is extended so as to cope with more complex BPL topologies offering a new simplified and accurate circuital approximation. Third, apart from the broadband transmission characteristics of the entire overhead distribution power grid, a consequence of the application of TEP method is that it helps towards the intraoperability/interoperability of overhead LV/BPL and MV/BPL systems under a common PHY framework in the concept of a unified distribution smart grid (SG) power network. Fourth, TEP method can be demonstrated to undergraduate ECE students as case study in order to stimulate their interest for Microwave Engineering and Circuit/System Engineering courses. Citation: Lazaropoulos, A. (2015). Designing Broadband over Power Lines Networks Using the Techno-Economic Pedagogical (TEP) Method – Part II: Overhead Low-Voltage and Medium-Voltage Channels and Their Modal Transmission Characteristics. Trends In Renewable Energy, 1(2), 59-86. doi:10.17737/tre.2015.1.2.00

    Policies for Carbon Energy Footprint Reduction of Overhead Multiple-Input Multiple-Output High Voltage Broadband over Power Lines Networks

    Get PDF
    The impact of different environmental policies on the broadband performance of overhead multiple-input multiple-output high-voltage/broadband over power lines (MIMO/HV/BPL) networks is investigated in this paper. The examined environmental policies focus on the carbon energy footprint reduction of overhead MIMO/HV/BPL networks while respecting their broadband character.The contribution of this paper is three-fold. First, the spectral and environmental performance of various configurations and topologies of overhead MIMO/HV/BPL networks is assessed with regard to respective spectral efficient (SE) and newly presented environmental efficient (EE) metrics. Second, further insights regarding the performance of overhead MIMO/HV/BPL networks highlight the better spectral and environmental performance of these networks against other today’s overhead HV/BPL networks, such as single-input single-output (SISO), single-input multiple-output (SIMO), or multiple-input single-output (MISO) ones. Third, the definition of appropriate environmental policies that optimize the coexistence of the three main sectors of concern, which are the Quality of Service (QoS) requirements, protection of existing radioservices and promotion of environmentally aware limits, is promoted. Towards that direction, the proposed SE/EE trade-off relation of this paper is expected to prove an extremely helpful SE/EE optimization technique.Citation: Lazaropoulos, A. G. (2015). Policies for Carbon Energy Footprint Reduction of Overhead Multiple-Input Multiple-Output High Voltage Broadband over Power Lines Networks. Trends in Renewable Energy, 1(2), 87-118. DOI: 10.17737/tre.2015.1.2.001

    Designing Broadband over Power Lines Networks Using the Techno-Economic Pedagogical (TEP) Method – Part I: Overhead High Voltage Networks and Their Capacity Characteristics

    Get PDF
    This pair of papers proposes the techno-economic pedagogical (TEP) method that is suitable for designing Broadband over Power Lines (BPL) networks in transmission and distribution power grids. During the presentation of TEP method, a review of the recent research efforts concerning BPL networks across transmission and distribution power grids is given.In this first paper, TEP method demonstrates to undergraduate electrical and computer engineering (ECE) students the interaction between two apparently irrelevant fields of their ECE program: Microwave Engineering and Engineering Economics. On the basis of a set of linear simplifications and suitable techno-economic metrics concerning transmission and capacity properties of overhead High Voltage Broadband over Power Lines (HV/BPL) networks, TEP method reveals the broadband potential of overhead HV/BPL networks to ECE students when different overhead HV/BPL topologies, electromagnetic interference (EMI) regulations and noise conditions are considered.  Citation: Lazaropoulos, A.G. (2015). "Designing Broadband over Power Lines Networks Using the Techno-Economic Pedagogical (TEP) Method – Part I: Overhead High Voltage Networks and Their Capacity Characteristics." Trends in Renewable Energy, 1(1), 16-42. DOI: 10.17737/tre.2015.1.1.00

    Statistical Channel Modeling of Overhead Low Voltage Broadband over Power Lines (OV LV BPL) Networks – Part 1: The Theory of Class Map Footprints of Real OV LV BPL Topologies, Branch Line Faults and Hook-Style Energy Thefts

    Get PDF
    Due to the significant volatility of Broadband over Power Lines (BPL) networks regarding their circuital and topological characteristics, channel statistical modeling recently gains special attention from the BPL communications engineers. Among the recently presented channel attenuation statistical models, initial statistical hybrid model (iSHM) and modified statistical hybrid model (mSHM) have been theoretically defined and applied to overhead medium voltage (OV MV), underground medium voltage (UN MV) and overhead high voltage (OV HV) BPL networks so far. Apart from the iSHM and mSHM definition and application, the theory of the definition procedure of new virtual distribution and transmission BPL topologies, which describes the phases towards defining statistically equivalent BPL topologies and topology subclasses to the real indicative ones, has been demonstrated as well as the class maps, which are 2D capacity contour plots with respect to the channel attenuation statistical distributions (CASDs) parameters of iSHM and mSHM.In this pair of papers, iSHM, mSHM, the definition procedure of new virtual BPL topologies and the class mapping are first applied to overhead low voltage (OV LV) BPL networks. Based on the class maps and the BPL topology database of Topology Identification Methodology (TIM), the required theory for illustrating the footprint of the real OV LV BPL topologies is first presented on class maps in this paper. On the basis of the class maps and the BPL topology database of Fault and Instability Identification Methodology (FIIM), the required theory for illustrating the footprint of the OV LV BPL topologies with branch line faults is first identified on class maps in this paper. On the basis of the class maps and the BPL topology database of hook style energy theft detection method (HS-DET method), the required theory for illustrating the footprint of the OV LV BPL topologies with a hook style energy theft is first demonstrated on class maps in this paper.Citation: Lazaropoulos, A. G. (2020). Statistical Channel Modeling of Overhead Low Voltage Broadband over Power Lines (OV LV BPL) Networks – Part 1: The Theory of Class Map Footprints of Real OV LV BPL Topologies, Branch Line Faults and Hook-Style Energy Thefts. Trends in Renewable Energy, 6, 61-87. DOI: 10.17737/tre.2020.6.1.0011

    Enhancing the Statistical Hybrid Model Performance in Overhead and Underground Medium Voltage Broadband over Power Lines Channels by Adopting Empirical Channel Attenuation Statistical Distribution

    Get PDF
    Statistical hybrid model is a statistical channel model suitable for the broadband over power lines (BPL) networks while it is based on the statistical processing of channel attenuation and capacity values of preassumed BPL topology classes. One of the key operation elements of the statistical hybrid model, which affects its results fidelity, is the selection of the appropriate channel attenuation statistical distribution among a set of well-known channel attenuation statistical distributions (i.e., such as Gaussian, Lognormal, Wald, Weibull and Gumbel distributions). The selection of the appropriate channel attenuation statistical distribution becomes a hard task since it depends on a number of factors such as the power grid type –either overhead (OV) or underground (UN) power grid–, the representative distribution BPL topology of the examined class, the applied electromagnetic interference (EMI) policies and the used coupling scheme type. The contribution of this paper is to identify the conditions whether the Empirical channel attenuation statistical distribution can act as the default distribution of statistical hybrid model (modified statistical hybrid model) thus replacing the required comparison analysis prior to the selection of the aforementioned distributions of the initial statistical hybrid model. The evaluation comparison is based on the already applied metrics of capacity percentage change and average absolute capacity percentage change.Citation: Lazaropoulos, A. G. (2019). Enhancing the Statistical Hybrid Model Performance in Overhead and Underground Medium Voltage Broadband over Power Lines Channels by Adopting Empirical Channel Attenuation Statistical Distribution. Trends in Renewable Energy, 5, 181-217. DOI: 10.17737/tre.2019.5.2.009

    Business Analytics and IT in Smart Grid – Part 3: New Application Aspect and the Quantitative Mitigation Analysis of Piecewise Monotonic Data Approximations on the iSHM Class Map Footprints of Overhead Low-Voltage Broadband over Power Lines Topologies Contaminated by Measurement Differences

    Get PDF
    Βig data that overwhelm smart grid (SG) are susceptible to errors that can further affect business analytics and related human decisions. In [1], the impact of measurement differences that follow various distributions has been examined via initial Statistical Hybrid Model (iSHM) footprints while the mitigation impact of piecewise monotonic data approximations has been qualitatively assessed via corresponding iSHM footprints in [2]. In this companion paper, the potential of applying piecewise monotonic data approximations in the intrinsic procedure of iSHM rather than its inputs and the quantitative mitigation analysis of piecewise monotonic data approximations against measurement differences via iSHM footprints are proposed for the overhead low-voltage broadband over power lines (OV LV BPL) topologies.Citation: Lazaropoulos, A. G. (2020). Business Analytics and IT in Smart Grid – Part 3: New Application Aspect and the Quantitative Mitigation Analysis of Piecewise Monotonic Data Approximations on the iSHM Class Map Footprints of Overhead Low-Voltage Broadband over Power Lines Topologies Contaminated by Measurement Differences. Trends in Renewable Energy, 6, 214-233. DOI: 10.17737/tre.2020.6.2.0011

    Information Technology, Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning in Smart Grid – Performance Comparison between Topology Identification Methodology and Neural Network Identification Methodology for the Branch Number Approximation of Overhead Low-Voltage Broadband over Power Lines Network Topologies

    Get PDF
    Broadband over Power Lines (BPL) networks that are deployed across the smart grid can benefit from the usage of machine learning, as smarter grid diagnostics are collected and analyzed. In this paper, the neural network identification methodology of Overhead Low-Voltage (OV LV) BPL networks that aims at identifying the number of branches for a given OV LV BPL topology channel attenuation behavior is proposed, which is simply denoted as NNIM-BNI. In order to identify the branch number of an OV LV BPL topology through its channel attenuation behavior, NNIM-BNI exploits the Deterministic Hybrid Model (DHM), which has been extensively tested in OV LV BPL networks for their channel attenuation determination, and the OV LV BPL topology database of Topology Identification Methodology (TIM). The results of NNIM-BNI towards the branch number identification of OV LV BPL topologies are compared against the ones of a newly proposed TIM-based methodology, denoted as TIM-BNI.Citation: Lazaropoulos, A. G. (2021). Information Technology, Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning in Smart Grid-Performance Comparison between Topology Identification Methodology and Neural Network Identification Methodology for the Branch Number Approximation of Overhead Low-Voltage Broadband over Power Lines Network Topologies. Trends in Renewable Energy, 7, 87-113. DOI: 10.17737/tre.2021.7.1.0013

    Smart Energy and Spectral Efficiency (SE) of Distribution Broadband over Power Lines (BPL) Networks – Part 2: L1PMA, L2WPMA and L2CXCV for SE against Measurement Differences in Overhead Medium-Voltage BPL Networks

    Get PDF
    This second paper assesses the performance of piecewise monotonic data approximations, such as L1PMA, L2WPMA and L2CXCV, against the measurement differences during the spectral efficiency (SE) calculations in overhead medium-voltage broadband over power lines (OV MV BPL) networks. In this case study paper, the performance of the aforementioned three already known piecewise monotonic data approximations, which are considered as countermeasure techniques against measurement differences, is here extended during the SE computations. The indicative BPL topologies of the first paper are again considered while the 3-30 MHz frequency band of the BPL operation is assumed.Citation: Lazaropoulos, A. G. (2018). Smart Energy and Spectral Efficiency (SE) of Distribution Broadband over Power Lines (BPL) Networks – Part 2: L1PMA, L2WPMA and L2CXCV for SE against Measurement Differences in Overhead Medium-Voltage BPL Networks. Trends in Renewable Energy, 4, 185-212. DOI: 10.17737/tre.2018.4.2.007

    Main Line Fault Localization Methodology (MLFLM) in Smart Grid – The Underground Medium- and Low-Voltage Broadband over Power Lines Networks Case

    Get PDF
    This paper assesses the performance of the main line fault localization methodology (MLFLM) when its application is extended to underground medium- and low-voltage broadband over power lines (UN MV and UN LV BPL) networks, say UN distribution BPL networks.  This paper focuses on the localization of main distribution line faults across UV MV and UN LV BPL networks. By extending the MLFLM procedure, which has successfully been applied to overhead medium-voltage (OV MV) BPL networks, the performance assessment of MLFLM is investigated with respect to the nature of the main distribution line faults, the intensity of the measurement differences and the fault location across the main distribution lines of the underground distribution power grid (either MV or LV grid).Citation: Lazaropoulos, A. G. (2017). Main Line Fault Localization Methodology (MLFLM) in Smart Grid – The Underground Medium- and Low-Voltage Broadband over Power Lines Networks Case. Trends in Renewable Energy, 4, 15-42. DOI: 10.17737/tre.2018.4.1.004
    • …
    corecore