52,777 research outputs found
Modeling an Emergency Service System for a Hospital Network
In this paper we describe a service modeling project done at an IT department that provides IT services to a network of state owned healthcare providers in the state of Vaud in Switzerland. The goal of the project is to un- derstand how to maintain business continuity in the case of a disaster affecting the IT department’s data center. We analyze how to precisely relate the business requirements to the IT operation requirements with the help of the SEAM En- terprise Architecture method. The results are refined service levels and the iden- tification of the required technical architecture
A Framework for Developing and Integrating Effective Routing Strategies Within the Emergency Management Decision-Support System, Research Report 11-12
This report describes the modeling, calibration, and validation of a VISSIM traffic-flow simulation of the San José, California, downtown network and examines various evacuation scenarios and first-responder routings to assess strategies that would be effective in the event of a no-notice disaster. The modeled network required a large amount of data on network geometry, signal timings, signal coordination schemes, and turning-movement volumes. Turning-movement counts at intersections were used to validate the network with the empirical formula-based measure known as the GEH statistic. Once the base network was tested and validated, various scenarios were modeled to estimate evacuation and emergency vehicle arrival times. Based on these scenarios, a variety of emergency plans for San José’s downtown traffic circulation were tested and validated. The model could be used to evaluate scenarios in other communities by entering their community-specific data
Traffic Accident Blackspot Identification and Ambulance Fastest Route Mobilization Process for the City of Surakarta
Quickly and precisely treatment in traffic accident is one way to avoid the risk of death victims. Therefore, it's necessary to determine the fastest route from the traffic accident locations to the nearest hospital. The research objective was to determine the traffic accident blackspot of Surakarta city, the referral hospitals and the ambulance fastest route using GIS program. Determination of traffic accident blackspot used three methods, that are kernel density estimation, cluster and outlier analysis. Method of determining the fastest route mobilization is network analyst tool. Determination of the fastest route mobilization based on travel time. According to an analysis, there are 15 locations of traffic accident blackspots in Surakarta city. A referral hospitals in Surakarta city are Brayat Minulya, Dr. Moewardi, Dr. Oen, Kasih Ibu, Kustati, Panti Waluyo and PKU Muhammadiyah hospital. Mobilization route of the accidents victim has an average of travel time about 4.84 minutes
Ambulance Emergency Response Optimization in Developing Countries
The lack of emergency medical transportation is viewed as the main barrier to
the access of emergency medical care in low and middle-income countries
(LMICs). In this paper, we present a robust optimization approach to optimize
both the location and routing of emergency response vehicles, accounting for
uncertainty in travel times and spatial demand characteristic of LMICs. We
traveled to Dhaka, Bangladesh, the sixth largest and third most densely
populated city in the world, to conduct field research resulting in the
collection of two unique datasets that inform our approach. This data is
leveraged to develop machine learning methodologies to estimate demand for
emergency medical services in a LMIC setting and to predict the travel time
between any two locations in the road network for different times of day and
days of the week. We combine our robust optimization and machine learning
frameworks with real data to provide an in-depth investigation into three
policy-related questions. First, we demonstrate that outpost locations
optimized for weekday rush hour lead to good performance for all times of day
and days of the week. Second, we find that significant improvements in
emergency response times can be achieved by re-locating a small number of
outposts and that the performance of the current system could be replicated
using only 30% of the resources. Lastly, we show that a fleet of small
motorcycle-based ambulances has the potential to significantly outperform
traditional ambulance vans. In particular, they are able to capture three times
more demand while reducing the median response time by 42% due to increased
routing flexibility offered by nimble vehicles on a larger road network. Our
results provide practical insights for emergency response optimization that can
be leveraged by hospital-based and private ambulance providers in Dhaka and
other urban centers in LMICs
Physiology-Aware Rural Ambulance Routing
In emergency patient transport from rural medical facility to center tertiary
hospital, real-time monitoring of the patient in the ambulance by a physician
expert at the tertiary center is crucial. While telemetry healthcare services
using mobile networks may enable remote real-time monitoring of transported
patients, physiologic measures and tracking are at least as important and
requires the existence of high-fidelity communication coverage. However, the
wireless networks along the roads especially in rural areas can range from 4G
to low-speed 2G, some parts with communication breakage. From a patient care
perspective, transport during critical illness can make route selection patient
state dependent. Prompt decisions with the relative advantage of a longer more
secure bandwidth route versus a shorter, more rapid transport route but with
less secure bandwidth must be made. The trade-off between route selection and
the quality of wireless communication is an important optimization problem
which unfortunately has remained unaddressed by prior work.
In this paper, we propose a novel physiology-aware route scheduling approach
for emergency ambulance transport of rural patients with acute, high risk
diseases in need of continuous remote monitoring. We mathematically model the
problem into an NP-hard graph theory problem, and approximate a solution based
on a trade-off between communication coverage and shortest path. We profile
communication along two major routes in a large rural hospital settings in
Illinois, and use the traces to manifest the concept. Further, we design our
algorithms and run preliminary experiments for scalability analysis. We believe
that our scheduling techniques can become a compelling aid that enables an
always-connected remote monitoring system in emergency patient transfer
scenarios aimed to prevent morbidity and mortality with early diagnosis
treatment.Comment: 6 pages, The Fifth IEEE International Conference on Healthcare
Informatics (ICHI 2017), Park City, Utah, 201
Healthcare queueing models.
Healthcare systems differ intrinsically from manufacturing systems. As such, they require a distinct modeling approach. In this article, we show how to construct a queueing model of a general class of healthcare systems. We develop new expressions to assess the impact of service outages and use the resulting model to approximate patient flow times and to evaluate a number of practical applications. We illustrate the devastating impact of service interruptions on patient flow times and show the potential gains obtained by pooling hospital resources. In addition, we present an optimization model to determine the optimal number of patients to be treated during a service session.Operations research; Health care evaluation mechanisms; Organizational efficiency; Management decision support systems; Time management; Queueing theory;
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