ADAPTIVE SECURE AND EFFICIENT ROUTING PROTOCOL FOR ENHANCE THE PERFORMANCE OF MOBILE AD HOC NETWORK

Nowadays Mobile Ad Hoc Network (MANET) is an emerging area of research to provide various communication services to end users. Mobile Ad Hoc Networks (MANETs) are self-organizing wireless networks where nodes communicate with each other without a fixed infrastructure. Due to their unique characteristics, such as mobility, autonomy, and ad hoc connectivity, MANETs have become increasingly popular in various applications, including military, emergency response, and disaster management. However, the lack of infrastructure and dynamic topology of MANETs pose significant challenges to designing a secure and efficient routing protocol. This paper proposes an adaptive, secure, and efficient routing protocol that can enhance the performance of MANET. The proposed protocol incorporates various security mechanisms, including authentication, encryption, key management, and intrusion detection, to ensure secure routing. Additionally, the protocol considers energy consumption, network load, packet delivery fraction, route acquisition latency, packets dropped and Quality of Service (QoS) requirements of the applications to optimize network performance. Overall, the secure routing protocol for MANET should provide a reliable and secure communication environment that can adapt to the dynamic nature of the network. The protocol should ensure that messages are delivered securely and efficiently to the intended destination, while minimizing the risk of attacks and preserving the network resources Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed protocol outperforms existing routing protocols in terms of network performance and security. The proposed protocol can facilitate the deployment of various applications in MANET while maintaining security and efficiency

QoS Routing for MANET and Satellite Hybrid Network to Support Disaster Relives and Management

Communication technologies are very important for disaster management. Satellite network’s advantage of large coverage and Mobile Ad hoc Network’s (MANET) advantage of high flexibility could be ideal for disaster management. In this paper, the authors propose a novel scheme for providing reliable wireless communications in disaster sites with a hybrid network of terrestrial MANET and satellite network. In comparison with normal wireless routing approaches, i.e. AODV and AOMDV, the proposed scheme could achieve higher packet delivery ratio, higher throughput and lower delay; meanwhile it could also balance traffic loads at gateways to maximum satellite links’ utilization

A hybrid routing approach for disaster management in manet

Mobile Ad-Hoc Networks (MANET), known as dynamically reconfigurable networks, have no centralized control. MANET facilitates reliable communication between crew and fighters involved in uncertain situations and between central command crew and fighters. Routing is the search for a suitable route for communication, especially in disaster situations. MANET is the appropriate ad-hoc network to handle disaster situations due to its effectiveness and cost for the areas where fixed infrastructure was unavailable. There are many challenges in MANET related to the routing criteria of routing protocols. MANET suffered from two major issues when applied for data communication. The first drawback is a failure in the dynamic nature of nodes and instability, and the second is rapid change in the topology due to their mobility. The main reason behind the loss is a disaster that disturbs the normal execution of functionality. MANET still has route discovery issues because their communication between nodes is highly concerned. The cause behind this drawback is a route disconnection from source to destination, making the topology of nodes highly dynamic, especially in disaster management. Therefore, in this research, an improved hybrid approach (IHRP) that combines proactive and reactive routing protocols is suggested for these issues through quick network convergence in terms of speed and network density with the help of MANET services. The improved hybrid approach reduces route discovery and link breakage between highly mobilized nodes during disaster management. For this purpose, qualitative research methodology focuses on interpretation situations as well as the dedication to a case-based scenario is used in experiment 1 and experiment 2 that is related to the speed and network density in the research work towards helping the members of the community of practice (CoP) to utilize MANET services. The contrasting results between the IHRP and existing protocols indicate that the IHRP outperforms and increases from 9% to 12%

IF-MANET: Interoperable framework for heterogeneous mobile ad hoc networks

The advances in low power micro-processors, wireless networks and embedded systems have raised the need to utilize the significant resources of mobile devices. These devices for example, smart phones, tablets, laptops, wearables, and sensors are gaining enormous processing power, storage capacity and wireless bandwidth. In addition, the advancement in wireless mobile technology has created a new communication paradigm via which a wireless network can be created without any priori infrastructure called mobile ad hoc network (MANET). While progress is being made towards improving the efficiencies of mobile devices and reliability of wireless mobile networks, the mobile technology is continuously facing the challenges of un-predictable disconnections, dynamic mobility and the heterogeneity of routing protocols. Hence, the traditional wired, wireless routing protocols are not suitable for MANET due to its unique dynamic ad hoc nature. Due to the reason, the research community has developed and is busy developing protocols for routing in MANET to cope with the challenges of MANET. However, there are no single generic ad hoc routing protocols available so far, which can address all the basic challenges of MANET as mentioned before. Thus this diverse range of ever growing routing protocols has created barriers for mobile nodes of different MANET taxonomies to intercommunicate and hence wasting a huge amount of valuable resources. To provide interaction between heterogeneous MANETs, the routing protocols require conversion of packets, meta-model and their behavioural capabilities. Here, the fundamental challenge is to understand the packet level message format, meta-model and behaviour of different routing protocols, which are significantly different for different MANET Taxonomies. To overcome the above mentioned issues, this thesis proposes an Interoperable Framework for heterogeneous MANETs called IF-MANET. The framework hides the complexities of heterogeneous routing protocols and provides a homogeneous layer for seamless communication between these routing protocols. The framework creates a unique Ontology for MANET routing protocols and a Message Translator to semantically compare the packets and generates the missing fields using the rules defined in the Ontology. Hence, the translation between an existing as well as newly arriving routing protocols will be achieved dynamically and on-the-fly. To discover a route for the delivery of packets across heterogeneous MANET taxonomies, the IF-MANET creates a special Gateway node to provide cluster based inter-domain routing. The IF-MANET framework can be used to develop different middleware applications. For example: Mobile grid computing that could potentially utilise huge amounts of aggregated data collected from heterogeneous mobile devices. Disaster & crises management applications can be created to provide on-the-fly infrastructure-less emergency communication across organisations by utilising different MANET taxonomies

Security in Ad-Hoc Routing Protocols

Mobile Ad-Hoc Networks (MANETs) are becoming increasingly popular as more and more mobile devices find their way to the public, besides traditional" uses such as military battlefields and disaster situations they are being used more and more in every-day situations. With this increased usage comes the need for making the networks secure as well as efficient, something that is not easily done as many of the demands of network security conflicts with the demands on mobile networks due to the nature of the mobile devices (e.g. low power consumption, low processing load). The concept and structure of MANETs make them prone to be easily attacked using several techniques often used against wired networks as well as new methods particular to MANETs. Security issues arise in many different areas including physical security, key management, routing and intrusion detection, many of which are vital to a functional MANET. In this paper we focus on the security issues related to ad hoc routing protocols in particular. The routing in ad hoc networks remains a key issue since without properly functioning routing protocols, the network simply will not work the way it's intended to. Unfortunately, routing may also be one of the most difficult areas to protect against attacks because of the ad hoc nature of MANETs. We will present the main security risks involved in ad-hoc routing as well as the solutions to these problems that are available today.

Application Of ICT TO Resource And Disaster Mamagement

Expansion works such as road expansion and location of new facilities had attracted huge compensations for demolished houses, farmlands and facilities, thus making the cost of future developments in the built environment very prohibitive. A number of urban cities in Nigeria are proposing Mega City Projects which call for sustainable physical planning and property management in other to minimize cost. This paper proposes the application of information and communication technology (ICT), particularly the use of modeling and visual reality to sustainable physical planning and property management with a view to carrying out future expansion works with reduced compensation cost. Also, the paper considers the development of a Mobile Ad Hoc Network (MANET) for disaster response and management within the built environment

Comparison studies of MANET-satellite and MANET-cellular networks integrations

A mobile ad hoc network (MANET) is a self-configuring infrastructure-less network. Taking advantage of spontaneous and infrastructure-less behavior, MANET can be integrated with satellite network to provide world-wide communication for emergency and disaster relieve services and can also be integrated with cellular network for mobile data offloading. To achieve different purposes, different architecture of integrated system, protocols and mechanisms are designed. For emergency services, ubiquitous and robust communications are of paramount importance. For mobile data offloading services, emphasis is amount of offloaded data, limited storage and energy of mobile devices. It is important to study the common features and distinguish of the architecture and service considerations for further research in the two integrated systems. In this paper, we study common issues and distinguish between two systems in terms of routing protocol, QoS provision, energy efficiency, privacy protection and resource management. The future research can benefit from taking advantage of the similarity of two systems and address the relevant issues

Virtual Communication Stack: Towards Building Integrated Simulator of Mobile Ad Hoc Network-based Infrastructure for Disaster Response Scenarios

Responses to disastrous events are a challenging problem, because of possible damages on communication infrastructures. For instance, after a natural disaster, infrastructures might be entirely destroyed. Different network paradigms were proposed in the literature in order to deploy adhoc network, and allow dealing with the lack of communications. However, all these solutions focus only on the performance of the network itself, without taking into account the specificities and heterogeneity of the components which use it. This comes from the difficulty to integrate models with different levels of abstraction. Consequently, verification and validation of adhoc protocols cannot guarantee that the different systems will work as expected in operational conditions. However, the DEVS theory provides some mechanisms to allow integration of models with different natures. This paper proposes an integrated simulation architecture based on DEVS which improves the accuracy of ad hoc infrastructure simulators in the case of disaster response scenarios.Comment: Preprint. Unpublishe