Migration and Child Labour in Agriculture – A Study of Punjab

The present study has been conducted to know the general profile, educational status, activities performed and income of the migratory child labour vis-a-vis the natives engaged in agricultural activities in Punjab. The study is based on a sample of twelve villages randomly taken from three agro-climatic zones. In all the villages, 302 children working in agricultural sector were identified and all of them were the respondents of this study. It has been found that about one-fourth of the child labour working in agricultural and allied activities in the state of Punjab are migrants from other states, viz. Uttar Pradesh, Bihar, Uttarakhand and Himachal Pradesh. Most of the migrant child workers were in the age group of 12-14 years. The ratio of female child labour was higher in migrants than in natives. A very high number of child labour belonging to both migrant and native families were from scheduled caste families. All the migratory working children belonged to the landless families of labourers. The educational status of the migrant child labour portrayed a very grim picture. None of them was found going to the school and the reason behind their absenteeism was migration from other states. The child labour was belonging to the low income families. Children were engaged in various agricultural activities such as ploughing, sowing, irrigation, paddy transplantation, crop watching, cattle grazing, crop hartvesting wheatear picking stubble harvesting, pea plucking, cotton picking, potato digging, etc. Children were also employed in dairy farms and poultry farms. The wage earnings of working children were meagre. Special schools for migrants in the rural areas of the state can be opened where they may be taught through their mother tongue. Night schools or schools on the pattern of Charwaha Schools of Bihar may also be started to cater to the needs of working children. The study has also suggested that more employment avenues for adult labour, especially for the women in the villages of the state, should be generated through promoting agro-based industries and traditional handicrafts such as embroidery, pickle-papad making, etc.Child Labour, Migration, Child labour wages, Migratory child labour, Agricultural and Food Policy, J61, J62, R23,

2015 researcher's mini-symposium

Postgraduate researchers from the Faculties of Science, Engineering, Medicine & Surgery and Health Sciences gathered for a forum to present their research interests. The symposium was held in the afternoon of 30 January 2015 in the Engineering Lecture Theatre. The symposium promoted multi-disciplinary networking between various university faculties. Participants were invited based on research topic diversity and gender balance.peer-reviewe

Mini-Split

The lack of evidence for new physics beyond the standard model at the LHC points to a paucity of new particles near the weak scale. This suggests that the weak scale is tuned and that supersymmetry, if present at all, is realized at higher energies. The measured Higgs mass constrains the scalar sparticles to be below 10^5 TeV, while gauge coupling unification favors Higgsinos below 100 TeV. Nevertheless, in many models gaugino masses are suppressed and remain within reach of the LHC. Tuning the weak scale and the renormalization group evolution of the scalar masses constrain Split model building. Due to the small gaugino masses, either the squarks or the up-higgs often run tachyonic; in the latter case, successful electroweak breaking requires heavy higgsinos near the scalar sparticles. We discuss the consequences of tuning the weak scale and the phenomenology of several models of Split supersymmetry including anomaly mediation, U(1)_(B-L) mediation, and Split gauge mediation.Comment: 26 pages, 12 figures; v2:discussion and figure on the status of fine-tuning in SUSY added, pheno section extende

HUBUNGAN POLA ASUH ORANG TUA DENGAN KONSEP DIRI REMAJA DI SMAN 11 BANDA ACEH TAHUN 2012

KEMENTRIAN PENDIDIKAN DAN KEBUDAYAAN UNIVERSITAS SYIAH KUALAFAKULTAS KEDOKTERANPROGRAM STUDI ILMU KEPERAWATANSKRIPSI22 Oktober 2012xiv Halaman + VI Bab + 76 Halaman + 14 Tabel + 1 Skema + 15 Lampiran MINI HARIANTINIM. 0807101060019Hubungan Pola Asuh Orang Tua dengan Konsep Diri Remaja Di SMAN 11 Banda Aceh Tahun 2012ABSTRAKPola asuh yang diberikan oleh orang tua sangat mempengaruhi konsep diri remaja, karena sikap ataupun respon orang tua akan menjadi bahan informasi bagi remaja untuk menilai siapa dirinya. Pola asuh yang baik akan membentuk konsep diri yang positif bagi remaja. Tujuan penelitian ini yaitu untuk mengetahui hubungan pola asuh orang tua dengan konsep diri remaja di SMAN 11 Banda Aceh. Desain penelitian ini bersifat deskritif korelasional dengan jumlah sampel 94 responden. Pengumpulan data dilakukan pada tanggal 3-4 Agustus 2012. Adapun metode pengumpulan sampel dengan cara proporsional random sampling, alat pengumpulan data menggunakan kuesioner dalam bentuk skala likert dan dichotomous choice. Data dianalisis dengan menggunakan program komputer dengan statistik uji chi square, dengan p-value > 0,05 H0 diterima serta p-value < 0,05 H0 ditolak. Hasil penelitian univariat dari pola asuh pada remaja di SMAN 11 berada pada pola asuh demokratis sebanyak orang 47 orang (50,0%), serta konsep diri berada pada kategori positif sebanyak 53 orang (56,4%). Hasil penelitian bivariat didapatkan bahwa ada hubungan antara pola asuh orang tua dengan konsep diri remaja di SMAN 11 Banda Aceh dengan p-value 0,0001, subvariabel gambaran diri p-value 0,003, ideal diri p-value 0,002 , harga diri p-value 0,007, peran diri p-value 0,002, identitas diri p-value 0,020. Dengan demikian orang tua diharapkan menerapkan pola asuh yang baik dalam keluarga guna meningkatkan konsep diri yang positif pada remaja.Kata Kunci : Pola Asuh, Konsep Diri, RemajaDaftar Baca : 24 Buku, 13 Bahan internet (1998-2010

The glucocorticoid receptor as a regulator of cortisol responses in cortisol resistant patients and healthy subjects

Glucocorticoids are essential for life, and are involved in growth, reproduction, intermediary metabolism, immune and inflammatory reactions as well as central nervous system and cardiovascular functions. Glucocorticoids are also used as treatment of many diseases. Resistance to exogenous glucocorticoids is sometimes seen in patients treated with glucocorticoids. Resistance to endogenous glucocorticoid is seen in some patients causing a syndrome called primary generalized glucocorticoid resistance. Glucocorticoids exert their effect through the glucocorticoid receptor, which belongs to the nuclear hormone receptor superfamily. The receptor consists of three functional domains, the N-terminal, the DNA binding domain and the ligand binding domain. The overall aim of this thesis was to study the glucocorticoid receptor in patients with primary generalized resistance to glucocorticoids i.e. resistance to endogenous glucocorticoids. In 12 unrelated patients with primary generalized glucocorticoid resistance we identified two novel mutations in the glucocorticoid receptor gene in two different patients, R477H and G679S respectively, situated in the DNA binding domain and in the ligand binding domain of the receptor. The R477H mutation is the only mutation described in the DNA binding domain of the human glucocorticoid receptor. We characterized these two mutations in vitro in terms of ligand binding, DNA binding, transactivation and transrepression as well as studies of crosstalking with the inflammatory transcription factor NFκB. We could demonstrate that the phenotype of the two patients expressing these two mutations correlated to the in vitro findings. We further demonstrated that the R477H and G679S were true mutations and not present as polymorphisms among healthy individuals. Glucocorticoid sensitivity among healthy individuals was also compared between two groups characterized as low and high secretors of urinary free cortisol studied with respect to their responses to a low dose of exogenous glucocorticoid. We concluded that individuals with a low cortisol profile, though still in the normal range, seems to be more sensitive to exogenous cortisol than those with high profile. This could have impact on the response to treatment with exogenous glucocorticoids and the prediction of therapeutic effect and adverse side effects