339 research outputs found

    A PSYCHOLOGICAL PERSPECTIVE ON CULTURAL DIFFERENCE: EPISTEMOLOGICAL HETEROGENEITY AND INDIVIDUAL HETEROGENEITY ACROSS CULTURES

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    Most cross-cultural studies of management have been sociological type. Conventional view of cultures and sociological perspective has resulted in the assumption that within each culture members are homogeneous in their psychological make-up, logic, and perspective. Although researchers have reminded us that people vary on pivotal psychological dimensions, both on a between-country and within-country basis, these reminders were not heeded. Maruyama’s theories and research on epistemological heterogeneity, and individual heterogeneity across cultures, or as it is called, mindscape, were the exception. This paper elaborates on epistemological heterogeneity and individual heterogeneity across cultures. It suggests that researchers in international management could use this line of inquiry to expand upon our understanding of effective managerial practices dealing with cultural differences among people

    Comparative Cultural Studies. Multimodality and Intercultural Mediation

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    [Abstract] In this paper we present our current research that draws attention to the material vehicles of language, focusing on the multimodal forms that are becoming common place in Computer Mediated Communication. We take as starting point socio-constructivist approaches that have maintained that the development of higher mental functions is sociogenetic, thus arguing that cognitive development is first the result of exposure to the social plane and then to the psychological plane, a move that is semiotically mediated in social interaction. This conception of human cognitive development offers insights into the relations between mind development, education processes and socio-cultural and technological implications. We claim that acts of production, distribution and reception of cultural objects form the very symbolic structure of cultural phenomena, and that these performances are located in the materiality of informational exchanges. Furthermore, we indicate that discursive practices and images form the complex multimodal network of signifying practices that constructs realities, rather than simply representing them, and that socially constructed meaning or what we call “culture” takes place through the negotiation of stories, images, and meanings, that is, through performative, jointly-constructed agreements, power relations, and the authorisation and legitimating of social positions. Finally, we situate the study of art is a powerful metacognitive tool that portrays the evolution of human culture. We defend the important role of humanities in processes of social construction and contend that this role is further enhanced through the use of multimodal forms of support. The example of a piece of electronic literature (“30 Days of Rain” by Travis Alber serves a practical show-case that presents the need for a new framework on multimodal social semiotics capable of explain multimodal encounters mediated by digital media

    The expanded view of individualism and collectivism: One, two, or four dimensions?

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    Recent research to analyze and discuss cultural differences has employed a combination of five major dimensions of individualism–collectivism, power distance, uncertainty avoidance, femininity– masculinity (gender role differentiation), and long-term orientation. Among these dimensions, individualism–collectivism has received the most attention. Chronologically, this cultural attribute has been regarded as one, then two, and more recently, four dimensions of horizontal and vertical individualism and collectivism. However, research on this issue has not been conclusive and some have argued against this expansion. The current study attempts to explain and clarify this discussion by using a shortened version of the scale developed by Singelis et al. ((1995) Horizontal and vertical dimensions of individualism and collectivism: a theoretical and measurement refinement. CrossCultural Research 29(3): 240–275). Our analysis of aggregate data from 802 respondents from nine countries supports the expanded view. Data aggregation was based on the Mindscape Theory that proposes inter- and intracultural heterogeneity. This finding is reassuring to scholars who have been using the shortened version of the instrument because confirmatory factor analysis indicated its validity. The findings of the present study provides clarification of some apparent ambiguity in recent research in specifying some cultures such as India, Israel, and Spain as individualists or collectivists. By separating the four constructs, more nuanced classification is possible. Also, such a distinction enables us to entertain such concepts as the Mindscape Theory that proposes a unique intracultural and transcultural heterogeneity that do not stereotype the whole culture as either individualist or collectivis

    PRIMA — Privacy research through the perspective of a multidisciplinary mash up

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    Based on a summary description of privacy protection research within three fields of inquiry, viz. social sciences, legal science, and computer and systems sciences, we discuss multidisciplinary approaches with regard to the difficulties and the risks that they entail as well as their possible advantages. The latter include the identification of relevant perspectives of privacy, increased expressiveness in the formulation of research goals, opportunities for improved research methods, and a boost in the utility of invested research efforts

    Mental Health - Atmospheres - Video Games: New Directions in Game Research II

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    Gaming has never been disconnected from reality. When we engage with ever more lavish virtual worlds, something happens to us. The game imposes itself on us and influences how we feel about it, the world, and ourselves. How do games accomplish this and to what end? The contributors explore the video game as an atmospheric medium of hitherto unimagined potential. Is the medium too powerful, too influential? A danger to our mental health or an ally through even the darkest of times? This volume compiles papers from the Young Academics Workshop at the Clash of Realities conferences of 2019 and 2020 to provide answers to these questions

    Mental Health | Atmospheres | Video Games

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    Gaming has never been disconnected from reality. When we engage with ever more lavish virtual worlds, something happens to us. The game imposes itself on us and influences how we feel about it, the world, and ourselves. How do games accomplish this and to what end? The contributors explore the video game as an atmospheric medium of hitherto unimagined potential. Is the medium too powerful, too influential? A danger to our mental health or an ally through even the darkest of times? This volume compiles papers from the Young Academics Workshop at the Clash of Realities conferences of 2019 and 2020 to provide answers to these questions

    GĂ©nesis semiĂłtica de la intermedialidad: fundamentos cognitivos y socio-constructivistas de la comunicaciĂłn

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    In the contemporary context in which we are immersed in a seamless mobility, both physical and ideological, mediated by the speed of transportation of people and data (Internet) through the physical boundaries of our body and the territorial borders of our communities, the impact of research on intersubjectivity is necessarily linked to changes in media materials that promote communicative exchanges, that is, to the notion of intermediality. this article seeks to present an outline of the complex network that relates both concepts.En el contexto contemporáneo en el que nos encontramos inmersos en una movilidad continua, tanto física como ideológica, mediada por la velocidad de los medios de transporte de personas y de datos (Internet) a través no solo de las fronteras físicas de nuestro cuerpo, sino de las fronteras territoriales de nuestras comunidades, el impacto de la investigación en intersubjetividad se encuentra necesariamente vinculado a los cambios en los medios materiales que propician los intercambios comunicativos, es decir, a la noción de intermedialidad. Este artículo busca presentar un esbozo del complejo entramado que vincula ambos conceptos.Dans le contexte actuel dans lequel nous sommes immergés dans une mobilité sans couture, à la fois physique et idéologique, médiée par la vitesse de transport des personnes et des dones (Internet), grâce à des limites physiques de notre corps et des frontières territoriales de nos communautés, l’impact de la recherche sur l’intersubjectivité est nécessairement liée à l’évolution des matières médiatiques que favorisent les échanges de communication, c’est-à-dire, à la notion de intermédialité. cet article vise à présenter les grandes lignes du réseau complexe qui concerne les deux concepts

    Measures of hope and despair : emotionality, politics and education

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    Mental Health | Atmospheres | Video Games

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    Gaming has never been disconnected from reality. When we engage with ever more lavish virtual worlds, something happens to us. The game imposes itself on us and influences how we feel about it, the world, and ourselves. How do games accomplish this and to what end? The contributors explore the video game as an atmospheric medium of hitherto unimagined potential. Is the medium too powerful, too influential? A danger to our mental health or an ally through even the darkest of times? This volume compiles papers from the Young Academics Workshop at the Clash of Realities conferences of 2019 and 2020 to provide answers to these questions
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