Ground terminal expert (GTEX). Part 2: Expert system diagnostics for a 30/20 Gigahertz satellite transponder

A research effort was undertaken to investigate how expert system technology could be applied to a satellite communications system. The focus of the expert system is the satellite earth station. A proof of concept expert system called the Ground Terminal Expert (GTEX) was developed at the University of Akron in collaboration with the NASA Lewis Research Center. With the increasing demand for satellite earth stations, maintenance is becoming a vital issue. Vendors of such systems will be looking for cost effective means of maintaining such systems. The objective of GTEX is to aid in diagnosis of faults occurring with the digital earth station. GTEX was developed on a personal computer using the Automated Reasoning Tool for Information Management (ART-IM) developed by the Inference Corporation. Developed for the Phase 2 digital earth station, GTEX is a part of the Systems Integration Test and Evaluation (SITE) facility located at the NASA Lewis Research Center

A CD-ROM Based Agricultural Information Retrieval System

An information retrieval system for agricultural extension was developed using CD-ROM technology as the primary medium for information delivery. Object-oriented database techniques were used to organize the information. Conventional retrieval techniques including hypertext, fulltext searching, and relational databases, and decision support programs such as expert systems were integrated into a complete package for accessing information stored on the CDROM. A multimedia user interface was developed to provide a variety of capabilities including computer graphics and high-resolution digitized images. Information for the disk was gathered and entered using extension publications which were tagged using an SGML-based document markup language. The fully operational CD-ROM system has been implemented in all 67 county extension offices in Flori

A method of storage and display of Chinese characters as graphic symbols

Not provided

Demonstration project: Putting the bioastronautics data book on line

The possibilities for prototyping electronic document designs using existing microcomputer software are considered. An initial prototype of a hierarchically structured design that includes both text and graphics from a section of the Bioastronautics Data Book are considered

Determining The Word Processing Software to Meet the Needs of The Business User

Computerized word processing with computer software packages is common throughout industry today. However, selection of the appropriate software is a complicated procedure and requires a careful examination and comparison of the complexity of the software (features available) with the ease of learning to use the software. With the wide variety of products that run on IBM PC\u27s and the IBM compatibles, it is possible that the business manager can find one that adequately fills both needs. When selecting an appropriate word processing software package, one must first determine how the product will be used so that the purchaser can weigh the advantages and disadvantages of easy versus powerful packages and come up with an adequate compromise. Some of the easier-to-use programs can make great learning tools, especially for computer novices. They also work nicely if the major word processing application is the production of short letters and memos. However, if the user is expected to do a great deal of tabular typing or produce hundreds of form letters or many long reports, the business might be better off sacrificing some of those user-friendly features in favor of powerful capabilities that will make these tasks easier. On long reports, for example, production goes faster with software that automatically writes tables of contents and indexes, and numbers, chapters and lists. The decisions involved in selecting an appropriate word processing software package often revolve around how long a learning curve the business can_ afford and which sophisticated features are needed. Some of the more powerful packages require extensive training and practice before users can use then competently and with efficiency. The friendlier packages save learning time, but in the long run might cost time because they do not automate many production tasks. Another ease-of-use feature is the quality and organization of the software instruction manuals. Some manuals explain in detail how to use the program; others just list the features of the program. Most of the documentation included with software packages could use improvement. For many buyers, availability of features ranks higher than ease-of-use. In this study the word processing g software packages were evaluated, and a comparison was done to determine which features were available from a list of more than three hundred features, reporting and foreign language ability. including scientific No word processing software package does everything, and those. that do many things often have a variety of weaknesses. Since packages with more features are more complicated to use, the purchaser is wise to buy software which contains only the features the users will needs. In addition, it is always wise to insist on a demonstration of the needed features before purchasing. Balancing ease-of-use and power of word processing software packages is a continuing process. This study\u27 s goal is to make the selection of computer programs for individuals and business firms more efficient because they can now see an evaluation and comparison. Of the different programs available

Determining The Word Processing Software to Meet the Needs of The Business User

Computerized word processing with computer software packages is common throughout industry today. However, selection of the appropriate software is a complicated procedure_ and requires a careful examination and comparison of the complexity of the software (features available) with the ease of learning to use the software. With the wide variety of products that run on IBM l\u27Cs and the IBM compatibles, it is possible that the business manager can find one that adequately fills both needs. When selecting an appropriate word processing software package, one must first determine how the product will be used so that the purchaser can weigh the advantages and disadvantages of easy versus powerful packages and come up with an adequate compromise. Some of the easier-to-use programs can make great learning tools, especially for computer novices. They also work nicely if the major word processing application is the production of short letters and memos. However, if the user is expected to do a great deal of tabular typing or produce hundreds of form letters or many long reports, the business might be better off sacrificing some of those user-friendly features in favor of powerful capabilities that will make these tasks easier. On long reports, for example, production goes faster with software that automatically writes tables of contents and indexes, and numbers, chapters and lists. The decisions involved in selecting an appropriate word processing software package often revolve around how long a learning curve the business can_ afford and which sophisticated features are needed. Some of the more powerful packages require extensive training and practice before users can use the;n competently and with efficiency. The friendlier packages save learning time, but in the long run might cost time because they do not automate many production tasks. Another ease-of-use feature is the quality and organization of the software instruction manuals. Some manuals explain in detail how to use the program; others just list the features of the program. Most of the documentation included with software packages could use improvement. For many buyers, availability of features ranks higher than ease-of use. In this study the word processing software packages were evaluated, and a comparison was done to determine which features were available from a list of more than three hundred features, reporting and foreign language ability. including scientific No word processing software package does everything, and those. that do many things often have a variety of weaknesses. Since packages with more features are more complicated to use, the purchaser is wise to buy software which contains only the features the users will need. In addition, it is always wise to 1·ns1·st on a dernonstration of the needed features before purchasing. Balancing ease-of-use and power of word processing software packages is a continuing process. This study\u27 s goal is to make the selection of computer programs for individuals and business firms more efficient because they can now see an evaluation and comparison. Of the different programs available

Digital imaging technology assessment: Digital document storage project

An ongoing technical assessment and requirements definition project is examining the potential role of digital imaging technology at NASA's STI facility. The focus is on the basic components of imaging technology in today's marketplace as well as the components anticipated in the near future. Presented is a requirement specification for a prototype project, an initial examination of current image processing at the STI facility, and an initial summary of image processing projects at other sites. Operational imaging systems incorporate scanners, optical storage, high resolution monitors, processing nodes, magnetic storage, jukeboxes, specialized boards, optical character recognition gear, pixel addressable printers, communications, and complex software processes

Signal processing techniques for analysis of heart sounds and electrocardiograms

Audible heart sounds represent less than 5% of the vibrational energy associated with the cardiac cycle. In this study, experiments have been conducted to explore the feasibility of examining cardiac vibration by means of a single display encompassing the entire bandwidth of the oscillations and relating components at different frequencies. Zero-phase-shift digital filtering is shown to be required in producing such displays, which extend from a recognizable phonocardiogram at one frequency extreme to a recognizable apexcardiogram at the other. Certain features in mid-systole and early diastole, observed by means of this technique, appear not to have been previously described. Frequency modulation of an audio-frequency sinusoid by a complex signal is shown to be effective in generating sounds analogous to that signal and containing the same information, but occupying a bandwidth suitable to optimum human auditory perception. The generation of such sounds using an exponential-response voltage- controlled oscillator is found to be most appropriate for converting amplitude as well as frequency changes in the original signal into pitch changes in the new sounds, utilizing the human auditory system\u27s more acute discrimination of pitch changes than amplitude changes. Pseudologarithmic compression of the input signal is shown to facilitate emphasis in the converted sounds upon changes at high or low amplitudes in the original signal. A noise-control circuit has been implemented for amplitude modulation of the converted signal to de- emphasize sounds arising from portions of the input signal below a chosen amplitude threshold. This method is shown to facilitate the transmission of analogs of audible and normally inaudible sounds over standard telephone channels, and to permit the slowing down of the converted sounds with no loss of information due to decreased frequencies. The approximation of an arbitrary waveform by a piecewise-linear (PL) function is shown to permit economical digital storage in parametric form. Fourier series and Fourier transforms may be readily calculated directly from the PL breakpoint parameters without further approximation, and the number of breakpoints needed to define the PL approximation is significantly lower than the number of uniformly-spaced samples required to satisfy the Nyquist sampling criterion; aliasing problems are shown not to arise. Thus data compression is feasible by this means without recourse to a parametric model defined for the signal (e.g., speech) being processed. Methods of automatic adaptive PL sampling and waveform reconstruction are discussed, and microcomputer algorithms implemented for this purpose are described in detail. Examples are given of the application of PL techniques to electrocardiography, phonocardiography, and the digitization of speech

The NeuARt II system: a viewing tool for neuroanatomical data based on published neuroanatomical atlases

BACKGROUND: Anatomical studies of neural circuitry describing the basic wiring diagram of the brain produce intrinsically spatial, highly complex data of great value to the neuroscience community. Published neuroanatomical atlases provide a spatial framework for these studies. We have built an informatics framework based on these atlases for the representation of neuroanatomical knowledge. This framework not only captures current methods of anatomical data acquisition and analysis, it allows these studies to be collated, compared and synthesized within a single system. RESULTS: We have developed an atlas-viewing application ('NeuARt II') in the Java language with unique functional properties. These include the ability to use copyrighted atlases as templates within which users may view, save and retrieve data-maps and annotate them with volumetric delineations. NeuARt II also permits users to view multiple levels on multiple atlases at once. Each data-map in this system is simply a stack of vector images with one image per atlas level, so any set of accurate drawings made onto a supported atlas (in vector graphics format) could be uploaded into NeuARt II. Presently the database is populated with a corpus of high-quality neuroanatomical data from the laboratory of Dr Larry Swanson (consisting 64 highly-detailed maps of PHAL tract-tracing experiments, made up of 1039 separate drawings that were published in 27 primary research publications over 17 years). Herein we take selective examples from these data to demonstrate the features of NeuArt II. Our informatics tool permits users to browse, query and compare these maps. The NeuARt II tool operates within a bioinformatics knowledge management platform (called 'NeuroScholar') either as a standalone or a plug-in application. CONCLUSION: Anatomical localization is fundamental to neuroscientific work and atlases provide an easily-understood framework that is widely used by neuroanatomists and non-neuroanatomists alike. NeuARt II, the neuroinformatics tool presented here, provides an accurate and powerful way of representing neuroanatomical data in the context of commonly-used brain atlases for visualization, comparison and analysis. Furthermore, it provides a framework that supports the delivery and manipulation of mapped data either as a standalone system or as a component in a larger knowledge management system

Requirement specifications for standardized Local Area Networks and applications for Naval Aviation squadrons.

This thesis will address unique characteristics and requirements for implementing a Local Area Network (LAN) and standard applications at the Naval Aviation squadron level. The introduction will present the history and basic concept of LAN's at squadrons as well as defining the problem that exists. Examples of Local Area Networks are presented to provide a basic understanding of the technology involved. The organization of Naval Aviation squadrons is discussed to illustrate the high level functional requirements. Areas to be covered in the requirements specifications are then discussed to ensure completeness and the overall success of this concept. Performance, documentation, training, support and security are a few of the issues that are addressed. Complete specifications, a coordinated and well thought out plan and designation of a project manager are critical elements that cannot be ignored if the project is to succeed.http://archive.org/details/requirementspeci00masoLieutenant, United States Navy ReserveApproved for public release; distribution is unlimited