Performance Evaluation of Hyperbolic Position Location Technique in Cellular Wireless Networks

This study addresses the wireless geolocation problem that has been an attractive subject for the last few years after Federal Communications Commission (FCC) mandate for wireless service providers to locate emergency 911 users with a high degree of accuracy -within a radius of 125 meters, 67 percent of the time by October 2001. There are a number of different geolocation technologies that have been proposed. These include, Assisted GPS (A-GPS), network-based technologies such as Enhanced Observed Time Difference (E-OTD), Time Difference of Arrival (TDOA), Angle of Arrival (AOA), and Cell of Origin (COO). This research focuses on network based techniques, namely the more prominent TDOA which is also called hyperbolic position location technique. The main problem in time-based positioning systems is solving nonlinear hyperbolic equations derived from set of TDOA estimates. Two algorithms are implemented as a solution to this problem: A closed form solution and a Least Squares (LS) algorithm. Accuracy and computational efficiency performances are compared in a wireless system established using DGPS measurements in Dayton, OH area

Radio channel characterization and channel model evaluation with measured 29 GHz data for 5G communications

Abstract. In this thesis, a radio channel measured at 29 GHz for 5G communications is analysed and a corresponding channel model is evaluated. For this purpose, we have studied two different scenarios, where the first one represents a macrocell environment and the second one a microcell environment. Both scenarios had the same fifteen user equipment antenna locations and their main difference is the location from its base station. Indeed, these two different propagation scenarios are assumed to be static during the whole measurement. Once the scenarios have been described, the delay spread, azimuth spread and path loss parameters from all the different paths that are received at each user equipment antenna are estimated. In order to do that, it has been considered whether those paths were on Line-Of-Sight or Non-Line-Of-Sight condition. As little research has been done at this frequency band for this innovative application, it is important to analyse and validate of those results. For that purpose, a MATLAB program has been designed for the automatic validation of those results, and at the same time, information about the channel behaviour is provided. Furthermore, these two scenarios have been analysed by implementing Keysight’s Geometric Channel Modeling Tool, where a reconstruction of the channel has been obtained

Super-Resolution TOA Estimation with Diversity Techniques for Indoor Geolocation Applications

Recently, there are great interests in the location-based applications and the location-awareness of mobile wireless systems in indoor areas, which require accurate location estimation in indoor environments. The traditional geolocation systems such as the GPS are not designed for indoor applications, and cannot provide accurate location estimation in indoor environments. Therefore, there is a need for new location finding techniques and systems for indoor geolocation applications. In this thesis, a wide variety of technical aspects and challenging issues involved in the design and performance evaluation of indoor geolocation systems are presented first. Then the TOA estimation techniques are studied in details for use in indoor multipath channels, including the maximum-likelihood technique, the MUSIC super-resolution technique, and diversity techniques as well as various issues involved in the practical implementation. It is shown that due to the complexity of indoor radio propagation channels, dramatically large estimation errors may occur with the traditional techniques, and the super-resolution techniques can significantly improve the performance of the TOA estimation in indoor environments. Also, diversity techniques, especially the frequency-diversity with the CMDCS, can further improve the performance of the super-resolution techniques

Techniques for Communication and Geolocation using Wireless Ad hoc Networks

Networks with hundreds of ad hoc nodes equipped with communication and position finding abilities are conceivable with recent advancements in technology. Methods are presented in this thesis to assess the communicative capabilities and node position estimation of mobile ad hoc networks. Specifically, we investigate techniques for providing communication and geolocation with specific characteristics in wireless ad hoc networks. The material presented in this thesis, communication and geolocation, may initially seem a collection of disconnected topics related only distantly under the banner of ad hoc networks. However, systems currently in development combining these techniques into single integrated systems. In this thesis first, we investigate the effect of multilayer interaction, including fading and path loss, on ad hoc routing protocol performance, and present a procedure for deploying an ad hoc network based on extensive simulations. Our first goal is to test the routing protocols with parameters that can be used to characterize the environment in which they might be deployed. Second, we analyze the location discovery problem in ad hoc networks and propose a fully distributed, infrastructure-free positioning algorithm that does not rely on the Global Positioning System (GPS). The algorithm uses the approximate distances between the nodes to build a relative coordinate system in which the node positions are computed in three-dimensions. However, in reconstructing three-dimensional positions from approximate distances, we need to consider error threshold, graph connectivity, and graph rigidity. We also statistically evaluate the location discovery procedure with respect to a number of parameters, such as error propagation and the relative positions of the nodes

On the Fundamentals of Stochastic Spatial Modeling and Analysis of Wireless Networks and its Impact to Channel Losses

With the rapid evolution of wireless networking, it becomes vital to ensure transmission reliability, enhanced connectivity, and efficient resource utilization. One possible pathway for gaining insight into these critical requirements would be to explore the spatial geometry of the network. However, tractably characterizing the actual position of nodes for large wireless networks (LWNs) is technically unfeasible. Thus, stochastical spatial modeling is commonly considered for emulating the random pattern of mobile users. As a result, the concept of random geometry is gaining attention in the field of cellular systems in order to analytically extract hidden features and properties useful for assessing the performance of networks. Meanwhile, the large-scale fading between interacting nodes is the most fundamental element in radio communications, responsible for weakening the propagation, and thus worsening the service quality. Given the importance of channel losses in general, and the inevitability of random networks in real-life situations, it was then natural to merge these two paradigms together in order to obtain an improved stochastical model for the large-scale fading. Therefore, in exact closed-form notation, we generically derived the large-scale fading distributions between a reference base-station and an arbitrary node for uni-cellular (UCN), multi-cellular (MCN), and Gaussian random network models. In fact, we for the first time provided explicit formulations that considered at once: the lattice profile, the users’ random geometry, the spatial intensity, the effect of the far-field phenomenon, the path-loss behavior, and the stochastic impact of channel scatters. Overall, the results can be useful for analyzing and designing LWNs through the evaluation of performance indicators. Moreover, we conceptualized a straightforward and flexible approach for random spatial inhomogeneity by proposing the area-specific deployment (ASD) principle, which takes into account the clustering tendency of users. In fact, the ASD method has the advantage of achieving a more realistic deployment based on limited planning inputs, while still preserving the stochastic character of users’ position. We then applied this inhomogeneous technique to different circumstances, and thus developed three spatial-level network simulator algorithms for: controlled/uncontrolled UCN, and MCN deployments

Role of Wireless technology in mobile augmented reality system (MARS)

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Final report on the evaluation of RRM/CRRM algorithms

Deliverable public del projecte EVERESTThis deliverable provides a definition and a complete evaluation of the RRM/CRRM algorithms selected in D11 and D15, and evolved and refined on an iterative process. The evaluation will be carried out by means of simulations using the simulators provided at D07, and D14.Preprin