Still Toxic After All These Years: Air Quality and Environmental Justice in the San Francisco Bay Area

From West Oakland's diesel-choked neighborhoods to San Francisco's traffic-snarled Mission District to the fenceline communitis abutting Richmond's refineries, poor and minority residents of the San Francisco Bay Area get more than their share of exposure to air pollution and environmental hazards. That's the conclusion of a new report issued by the Center for Justice, Tolerance & Community (CJTC) at the University of California, Santa Cruz. The first published analysis of the overall state of environmental disparity in the nine-county region, the report is entitled, "Still Toxic After All These Years... Air Quality and Environmental Justice in the Bay Area.

Health care Collaboration Program of Pharmacist and Midwife at Maternal Posyandu in Preventing Emergency Cases during Pregnancy and Labor

There is no healthcare collaboration program at Maternal Posyandu in Indonesia. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of healthcare collaboration programs conducted by pharmacist and midwife at Maternal Posyandu. Pregnant women from four Posyandu were receiving healthcare collaboration programs provided by midwife and pharmacist (intervention group); or usual care (control group). Both groups were followed prospectively for I month. At baseline, no significant differences m demographic, maternal, and clinical characteristics observed At I month, compared to control group, the intervention group had significantly (p-=0,026) better knowledge in preventing anemia and hypertension m pregnancy No significant differences (p=0,606) on Blood Pressure and Hemoglobine as objective parameters of compliance in taking iron supplements, calcium, and vitamin D tablets. No pregnancy and labor emergency cases. Healthcare collaboration program conducted by pharmacist and midwife at Maternal Posyandu was effective in increasing maternal knowledge and preventing emergency cases during pregnancy and labo

The general public\u27s knowledge and perceptions of the certified athletic trainer\u27s professional role and educational background

This study\u27s purpose was to determine the general public\u27s knowledge, attitudes and behaviors relative to the certified athletic trainer\u27s professional role and educational background. Two-hundred and seventy-nine people completed an 11-question intercept survey. Results indicate the athletic training professional faces many perception barriers with the general public. Only 12 percent identified an athletic trainer as one of the on-field healthcare providers for injured professional football players. More than half failed to correctly describe what an athletic trainer does. Many responses indicate the public confuses certified athletic trainers with personal trainers and other strength and conditioning professionals. Eighty-four percent of the respondents were unable to define the acronym ATC, the credential that identifies a certified athletic trainer. Most (78 percent) strongly agreed or agreed ATCs should be present at amateur athletic events; 64 percent felt four or more years of college was necessary to become an athletic trainer. However, only 32 percent selected a certified athletic trainer as their number one choice among other healthcare professionals when seeking sports injury care advice. For those with direct experience with an ATC, performance effectiveness ratings within each of the athletic training domains was generally favorable

An Examination of Policy and Procedure Practices of Secondary School Athletic Trainers

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify and describe the status of P&P practices of secondary school athletic trainers. Methods: Following an online informed consent confirmation, participants completed a Policies and Procedures Status questionnaire, including demographics. This was distributed to certified athletic trainers currently employed in the secondary school setting in the United States. The survey consisted of 49 questions about the status of P&Ps using one of the following responses: the practice is in operation and it appears in written form; the practice is in operation but does not appear in written form; the practice is not in operation but does appear in written form; and the practice is not in operation and it does not appear in written form. This study utilized descriptive statistics, consisting of means, frequencies, and percentages, to report results that described the current status of policies and procedures Results: There was a total of 232 participants. 72.6% of secondary school athletic trainers had existing P&P manuals and 37.9% reported the P&P manual existed when they acquired the position. 31.9% who did not have an existing P&P manual upon starting their position never developed a manual. 45.7% of all P&Ps were reported to exist in both written and operational form and 25.9% reported having neither written nor operational forms of P&Ps. 54.5% used the BOC Guiding Principles for AT Policy and Procedure Development and 45.2% used the BOC Facility Principles document. Conclusion: The results revealed almost half of participants reported the risk management practices in the P&P manual were in operational and written form. P&Ps that have been described in NATA Position Statements were more likely to be in both written and operational form when compared to those that were not. Secondary school athletic trainers may have limited guidance and training in risk management, with even less guidance on resources specifically for developing and reviewing P&Ps

ACUTA eNews May 1984, Vol. 13, No. 5

In This Issue President\u27s Message Party Line BOCs Revamp Centrex Service To Vie With PBXs Communications Gear Showcased For L.A. Olympics AT&T: A Period of Adjustment Lincoln Tel Tackles First Light guide Job Court: Cops Can Tape Cordless Tal

ACUTA eNews May 1984, Vol. 13, No. 5

In This Issue President\u27s Message Party Line BOCs Revamp Centrex Service To Vie With PBXs Communications Gear Showcased For L.A. Olympics AT&T: A Period of Adjustment Lincoln Tel Tackles First Light guide Job Court: Cops Can Tape Cordless Tal

Program Directors\u27 Perceptions of Quality in NATA-Accredited Post-Professional Athletic Training Education Programs

The National Athletic Trainers\u27 Association (NATA) is a member organization that oversees the health care profession of certified athletic trainers. A large body of research focused on the structure and content of curriculum for undergraduate programs has played a prominent role in the increase in their quantity and quality. Although attention has been called to graduate-level athletic-training education programs, there is currently a lack of research focused on NATA-accredited post-professional athletic training education programs (PPATEPs). Using qualitative analysis, program directors\u27 perceptions of quality in these NATA-accredited PPATEPs was assessed. In-depth phone interviews were conducted regarding topics such at the accreditation standards, curricular content, perceived benefits of attending a program, and the future or sustainability of accredited PPATEPs. After these topics were discussed with participants, three main themes emerged. Program directors of NATA-accredited PPATEPs undergo a special accreditation process that assesses and attempts to improve upon the quality of their program. Participants felt that there were specific benefits that accreditation serves to highlight. Participants also felt that the future of post-professional athletic training education was uncertain but on the right track

Appropriate Medical Care: A Mixed Method Study of Perceptions of Athletics Directors in National Collegiate Athletic Association Division II Colleges and Universities

The National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) Division II (DII) Colleges and Universities face expanding athletic seasons, more teams, more athletes, increasingly complex medical protocols, and an increasingly litigious society. Athletic Trainers (ATs) are responsible for development and implementation of appropriate athletic health care for Student-Athletes (SAs). Athletics Directors (ADs) are the administrative decision-makers and the agents of change when dealing with these competing interests. Athletics Directors allocate the budget and control hiring processes. Athletic Trainer workload poses a moral and legal threat to SAs, ATs, and universities. The problem continues to persist in NCAA DII Universities despite ample research. The purpose of this convergent mixed-methods study was to increase understanding of NCAA DII ADs perceived barriers to providing appropriate medical care to NCAA DII SAs. The researcher addressed additional research questions about defining appropriate event coverage, athletic training practice, advocacy, and prioritization of hiring practices and budget allocation. The online survey and semi-structured interviews captured information about AD knowledge and perception of appropriate medical care. This study utilized the parallel-databases variant. The quantitative data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics. The qualitative data were analyzed using procedures of theme development. The researcher identified similarities and differences within and between the two datasets to create a comparison discussion. The results provided a comparison of AD perceptions that may create direction for future efforts to improve appropriate medical care for NCAA DII SAs

NCAA Division I Coaches and Athletic Trainers: An Examination of Professional Relationships and Knowledge of the Athletic Training Profession

The goal of this study was to explore coaches\u27 experience with athletic trainers (ATs) and knowledge of their roles and responsibilities at the NCAA Division I level. The data collection involved a questionnaire and follow-up phone interviews. The survey was sent out to all 144 official head coaches of NCAA Division I universities in the Bay Area region of California, as defined by the California Department of Social Services in 2002, and there was a 22% (n=31) return rate. Nearly 60% (n=18) of coaches said they communicated with their athletic trainer over five times per week. Another ~60% (n=20-n=28) of the participants correctly identified all of the competencies under each domain of the athletic training profession. Of the 31 participants who participated in the survey, four participated in the follow-up interviews. The data from the follow-up interviews were organized into four higher order themes: qualities of the relationship between the AT and the coach, coaches\u27 desired personality traits of an AT, qualities of the AT as a professional, and causes of conflict between the AT and coach. The participating coaches provided evidence that they are well versed in the profession of athletic training and have strong knowledge regarding the roles and responsibilities that are designated under this profession\u27s scope of practice. In addition, all the coaches emphasized the importance of good communication within a professional relationship