PENGARUH TERAPI SWEDISH MASSAGE TERHADAP PENURUNAN TEKANAN DARAH PADA LANSIA DENGAN HIPERTENSI: TELAAH LITERATUR

Menua merupakan proses fungsional yang berdampak pada kemampuan fisik, psikologis, spiritual, dan social sehingga meningkatkan risiko terjadinya hipertensi. Terapi non-farmakologis yang dapat dilakukan sebagai pilihan, yaitu terapi Swedish massage karena merelaksasikan tubuh. Swedish massage menunjukkan manfaat penurunan tekanan darah yang signifikan pada beberapa penelitian, tetapi terdapat variasi prosedur terapi Swedish massage yang dinyatakan efektif diberikan pada lansia. Tujuan telaah literatur, yaitu untuk mengetahui prosedur yang direkomendasikan terkait terapi Swedish massage yang efektif menurunkan tekanan darah pada lansia dengan hipertensi. Populasi yang digunakan lansia dengan hipertensi. Metode literature review ini menggunakan database Google Scholar dan PubMed, pada tahap awal pencarian dengan keyword Google Scholar: “elderly” AND “Swedish massage” AND “blood pressure” AND “hypertention” dan keyword PubMed: “((Swedish massage [Mesh Terms]) AND (blood pressure [Mesh Terms])) AND (vital sign [Mesh Terms])“, didapatkan hasil tiga artikel penelitian nasional dan dua internasional selama tahun 2010 – 2020 sesuai dengan kriteria inklusi dan eksklusi. Hasil yang diperoleh dari lima artikel penelitian dilakukan pada kelompok intervensi dan kontrol, menunjukkan bahwa terapi Swedish massage banyak dilakukan dengan desain quasi experiment. Prosedur intervesi yang direkomendasikan beragam, seperti bahan dan instumen yang digunakan, frekuensi dan durasi terapi, dan pendekatan pengukuran hasil tekanan darah. Tekanan Darah Sistolik setelah terapi masase, yaitu 102 -135 mmHg dan Tekanan Darah Diastolik pada rentang 68-84.83 mmHg. Simpulan dari telaah literatur ini, terapi Swedish massage dapat dilakukan dengan mudah dengan waktu intervensi yang tidak terlalu lama, serta efektif menurunkan tekanan darah sistolik dan diastolic. Terapi Swedish massage direkomendasikan untuk diberikan pada lansia sebagai salah satu terapi kompleter dalam intervensi keperawatan

A randomised controlled trial to assess the effectiveness of a single session of nurse administered massage for short term relief of chronic non-malignant pain

Background: Massage is increasingly used to manage chronic pain but its benefit has not been clearly established. The aim of the study is to determine the effectiveness of a single session of nurse-administered massage for the short term relief of chronic non-malignant pain and anxiety. Methods: A randomised controlled trial design was used, in which the patients were assigned to a massage or control group. The massage group received a 15 minute manual massage and the control group a 15 minute visit to talk about their pain. Adult patients attending a pain relief unit with a diagnosis of chronic pain whose pain was described as moderate or severe were eligible for the study. An observer blind to the patients' treatment group carried out assessments immediately before (baseline), after treatment and 1, 2, 3 and 4 hours later. Pain was assessed using 100 mm visual analogue scale and the McGill Pain Questionnaire. Pain Relief was assessed using a five point verbal rating scale. Anxiety was assessed with the Spielberger short form State-Trait Anxiety Inventory. Results: 101 patients were randomised and evaluated, 50 in the massage and 51 in the control group. There were no statistically significant differences between the groups at baseline interview. Patients in the massage but not the control group had significantly less pain compared to baseline immediately after and one hour post treatment. 95% confidence interval for the difference in mean pain reduction at one hour post treatment between the massage and control groups is 5.47 mm to 24.70 mm. Patients in the massage but not the control group had a statistically significant reduction in anxiety compared to baseline immediately after and at 1 hour post treatment. Conclusion: Massage is effective in the short term for chronic pain of moderate to severe intensity

Physical therapies for reducing and controlling lymphoedema of the limbs.

Background Lymphoedema is the accumulation of excess fluid in the body caused by obstruction of the lymphatic drainage mechanisms. Management involves decongesting the reduced lymphatic pathways in order to reduce the size of the limb. There is a great deal of debate as to which components of a physical treatment programme are the most crucial. Objectives To assess the effect of physical treatment programmes on: volume, shape, condition and long-term control of oedema in lymphoedematous limbs; psycho-social benefits. Search strategy We searched the Cochrane Breast Cancer Group trials register (October 2007), the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (The Cochrane Library Issue 1, 2008), MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL and the National Research Register (February 2008) and UnCover, PASCAL, SIGLE, reference lists produced by The British Lymphology Society and The International Society of Lymphology congress proceedings (September 2003). Selection criteria Randomised controlled clinical trials that tested physical therapies with a follow-up period of at least six months. Data collection and analysis Two blinded reviewers independently assessed trial quality and extracted data . Meta-analysis was not performed due to the poor quality of the trials. Main results Only three studies involving 150 randomised patients were included. Since none studied the same intervention it was not possible to combine the data. One crossover study of manual lymph drainage (MLD) followed by self-administered massage versus no treatment, concluded that improvements seen in both groups were attributable to the use of compression sleeves and that MLD provided no extra benefit at any point during the trial. Another trial looked at hosiery versus no treatment and had a very high dropout rate, with only 3 out of 14 participants in the intervention group finishing the trial and only 1 out of 11 in the control group. The authors concluded that wearing a compression sleeve is beneficial. The bandage plus hosiery versus hosiery alone trial, concluded that in this mixed group of participants bandage plus hosiery resulted in a greater reduction in excess limb volume than hosiery alone and this difference in reduction was maintained long-term. Authors' conclusions All three trials have their limitations and have yet to be replicated, so their results must be viewed with caution. There is a clear need for well-designed, randomised trials of the whole range of physical therapies if the best approach to managing lymphoedema is to be determined

Psychosocial interventions for pain management in older adults with dementia: A systematic review of randomized controlled trials

Aim: To assess the effectiveness of psychosocial interventions on pain in older adults living with dementia. Design: A systematic review with meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Data sources: Scopus, ProQuest, EBSCO (CINAHL and MEDLINE), PubMed, OVID (PsycINFO), Web of Science, and Cochrane Library were searched from their inception up to 2 May 2018. Review Methods: Risk of bias assessment and meta-analysis were conducted according to the Cochrane methods using RevMan 5.3 and findings were generated using the GRADE profiler software. Results: Eight studies met the inclusion criteria, but the quality of the current evidence was low to moderate. Results showed that psychosocial interventions significantly reduced the observational pain score and pain medication. Subgroup analyses indicated that sensory stimulation and individual interventions showed a reduction in observational pain in people with dementia. Conclusion: Findings suggest that psychosocial interventions may be potentially effective alternatives for pain management in people with dementia. However, caution is needed in interpreting these results due to limited studies, risk of bias and heterogeneity across studies. Furthermore, well-designed research is needed on psychosocial interventions to strengthen quality of pain management in people with dementia. Impact: This review synthesized current evidence using psychosocial interventions to manage pain in people with dementia. Findings suggest that psychosocial interventions may lead to a potential reduction in pain and pain medication in people with dementia. Healthcare providers may wish to integrate psychosocial interventions as part of the multimodal approach to the management of pain in people living with dementia.No Full Tex

Massage, Reflexzonenmassage und Akupressur bei Krebspatienten mit Fatigue: systematische Literaturreview

Problembeschreibung: Jährlich erkranken weltweit zehn Millionen Menschen an Krebs und die Zahl wird in Zukunft steigen. In den vergangenen Jahren wurden in der Behandlung von krebserkrankten Patienten unterschiedlich belastende Begleiterscheinungen wie Fatigue beobachtet. Jahrelang wurde Fatigue keine Beachtung geschenkt und durch Pflegende so-wie Ärzte unterbewertet. Bei Fatigue können Pflegende nicht auf bewährte Handlungsmög-lichkeiten wie beispielsweise bei Nausea und Emesis zurückgreifen und sind so in der Be-handlung von Fatigue oftmals ratlos. Die Nursing Intervention Classification (Nic) und die Nursing Outcomes Classifiaction (Noc) verweisen auf verschiedene nichtmedikamentöse Pflegeinterventionen und diese beschreiben unter anderem die Massage in der Pflege von Krebspatienten als geeignete Intervention um Fatigue zu reduzieren. Ziel: Das Ziel der vorliegenden systematischen Literaturübersicht liegt darin, den aktuellen Forschungsstand bezüglich der Wirksamkeit der Massage, der Reflexzonenmassage und der Akupressur auf Fatigue bei Krebspatienten zusammenzufassen. Aus der Problembe-schreibung ergab sich folgende Fragestellung: Wie wird in der wissenschaftlichen Literatur die Wirkung der klassischen Massage, der Reflexzonenmassage und der Akupressur auf Fatigue bei Patienten mit Krebs beschrieben? Mit dieser systematischen Literaturübersicht soll evidenzbasiertes und qualitativ hoch stehendes Wissen zusammengetragen und eine detaillierte, objektive und wissenschaftliche aktuelle Übersicht über die Thematik erstellt und der Pflege zur Verfügung gestellt werden. Methode: Zur Beantwortung der Forschungsfrage wurde eine systematische Literaturüber-sicht erstellt. In den pflegespezifischen Datenbanken Pubmed, Cinahl und Cochrane Library wurde nach relevanter Forschungsliteratur recherchiert. Durch eine systematische Suchstra-tegie sowie definierten Auswahlkriterien wurden acht passende Studien gefunden. Ergebnisse: Die Ergebnisse der acht Studien zeigten eine positive Wirkung der Massage, der Reflexzonenmassage und der Akupressur auf Fatigue bei erwachsenen Krebspatienten. Die Wirkung der Massage wurde in sechs Studien untersucht, davon in vier Studien die klas-sische/schwedische Massagetechnik und in zwei Studien die Massage mit einem körperli-chen Training kombiniert. Die Reflexzonenmassage wurde in Kombination mit Aromathera-pie und Fussbäder untersucht. Die Studie, welche die Wirkung der Akupressur untersuchte, zeigte nicht nur signifikante Verbesserungen von Fatigue, sondern auch der Schmerzen und weiteren krebs- sowie therapiebedingten Symptomen. Schlussfolgerung: Massage und Akupressur sollten in die Berufspraxis integriert werden, da es sich dabei um sichere und einfach anwendbare nichtmedikamentöse Pflegeinterven-tionen handelt. Zukünftige Forschungen sind erforderlich, weil zum vorliegenden For-schungsthema nur sehr wenig Literatur vorhanden ist

Les thérapies du Biofield, en complément de la médecine allopathique, permettent-elles une meilleure gestion des douleurs chroniques ?: travail de Bachelor

Ce travail de Bachelor prend en compte les médecines alternatives et complémentaires, plus particulièrement certaines pratiques des thérapies Biofield, en complément de la médecine allopathique. La pharmacologie est une des ressources de notre médecine occidentale. Cependant, les douleurs peuvent être gérées de différentes manières. Ce travail va permettre d’identifier des ressources basées sur d’autres médecines. Pour accompagner ce travail, la science de l’être-humain unitaire de Martha Rogers a contribué à avoir une vision centrée sur la personne et son environnement, qui vont permettre de mieux comprendre l’effet de certaines pratiques. La finalité de ce travail est de valoriser ces méthodes en démontrant qu’il est possible de les mettre en pratique dans les unités de soins standards

The effectiveness of complementary manual therapies for pregnancy-related back and pelvic pain A systematic review with meta-analysis

© 2016 the Author(s). Published by Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. All rights reserved. Background: Low back pain and pelvic girth pain are common in pregnancy and women commonly utilize complementary manual therapies such as massage, spinal manipulation, chiropractic, and osteopathy to manage their symptoms. Objective: The aim of this systematically review was to critically appraise and synthesize the best available evidence regarding the effectiveness of manual therapies for managing pregnancy-related low back and pelvic pain. Methods: Seven databases were searched from their inception until April 2015 for randomized controlled trials. Studies investigating the effectiveness of massage and chiropractic and osteopathic therapies were included. The study population was pregnant women of any age and at any time during the antenatal period. Study selection, data extraction, and assessment of risk of bias were conducted by 2 reviewers independently, using the Cochrane tool. Separate meta-analyses were conducted to compare manual therapies to different control interventions. Results: Out of 348 nonduplicate records, 11 articles reporting on 10 studies on a total of 1198 pregnant women were included in this meta-analysis. The therapeutic interventions predominantly involved massage and osteopathic manipulative therapy. Metaanalyses found positive effects for manual therapy on pain intensity when compared to usual care and relaxation but not when compared to sham interventions. Acceptability did not differ between manual therapy and usual care or sham interventions. Conclusions: There is currently limited evidence to support the use of complementary manual therapies as an option for managing low back and pelvic pain during pregnancy. Considering the lack of effect compared to sham interventions, further high-quality research is needed to determine causal effects, the influence of the therapist on the perceived effectiveness of treatments, and adequate dose-response of complementary manual therapies on low back and pelvic pain outcomes during pregnancy