108,549 research outputs found
Intersectionality Research Within Latinx Mental Health: Conceptual and Methodological Considerations
Intersectionality considers the meaning and consequences associated with multiple identities along interlocking systems of disadvantage and inequality (Cole, 2009; Crenshaw, 1991). In recent years, there has been increasing attention on examining the mental health outcomes associated with membership in multiple marginalized groups. Unfortunately, intersectionality research examining the unique experiences of Latinx groups remains scarce. The current article reviews theoretical and methodological considerations regarding intersectionality research within Latinx mental health. From a theoretical perspective, intersectionality brings a series of questions regarding the epistemological approaches to studying psychological phenomena. This, in turn, influ- ences the methodological strategies used to examine these processes. The discussion advances the ongoing discourse regarding the benefits and limitations of integrating intersectionality within research that provides further insight into our Latinx communities
The Curvilinear Relationship between Age and Emotional Aperture : The Moderating Role of Agreeableness
The capability to correctly recognize collective emotion expressions (i.e., emotional aperture) is crucial for effective social and work-related interactions. Yet, little remains known about the antecedents of this ability. The present study therefore aims to shed new light onto key aspects that may promote or diminish an individualÂs emotional aperture. We examine the role of age for this ability in an online sample of 181 participants (with an age range of 18 to 72 years, located in Germany), and we investigate agreeableness as a key contingency factor. Among individuals with lower agreeableness, on the one hand, our results indicate a curvilinear relationship between age and emotional aperture, such that emotional aperture remains at a relatively high level until these individuals middle adulthood (with a slight increase until their late 30s) and declines afterwards. Individuals with higher agreeableness, on the other hand, exhibit relatively high emotional aperture irrespective of their age. Together, these findings offer new insights for the emerging literature on emotional aperture, illustrating that specific demographic and personality characteristics may jointly shape such collective emotion recognition
The use of multilayer network analysis in animal behaviour
Network analysis has driven key developments in research on animal behaviour
by providing quantitative methods to study the social structures of animal
groups and populations. A recent formalism, known as \emph{multilayer network
analysis}, has advanced the study of multifaceted networked systems in many
disciplines. It offers novel ways to study and quantify animal behaviour as
connected 'layers' of interactions. In this article, we review common questions
in animal behaviour that can be studied using a multilayer approach, and we
link these questions to specific analyses. We outline the types of behavioural
data and questions that may be suitable to study using multilayer network
analysis. We detail several multilayer methods, which can provide new insights
into questions about animal sociality at individual, group, population, and
evolutionary levels of organisation. We give examples for how to implement
multilayer methods to demonstrate how taking a multilayer approach can alter
inferences about social structure and the positions of individuals within such
a structure. Finally, we discuss caveats to undertaking multilayer network
analysis in the study of animal social networks, and we call attention to
methodological challenges for the application of these approaches. Our aim is
to instigate the study of new questions about animal sociality using the new
toolbox of multilayer network analysis.Comment: Thoroughly revised; title changed slightl
From single steps to mass migration: the problem of scale in the movement ecology of the Serengeti wildebeest
A central question in ecology is how to link processes that occur over
different scales. The daily interactions of individual organisms ultimately
determine community dynamics, population fluctuations and the functioning
of entire ecosystems. Observations of these multiscale ecological
processes are constrained by various technological, biological or logistical
issues, and there are often vast discrepancies between the scale at which
observation is possible and the scale of the question of interest. Animal
movement is characterized by processes that act over multiple spatial and
temporal scales. Second-by-second decisions accumulate to produce
annual movement patterns. Individuals influence, and are influenced by,
collective movement decisions, which then govern the spatial distribution
of populations and the connectivity of meta-populations. While the
field of movement ecology is experiencing unprecedented growth in the
availability of movement data, there remain challenges in integrating
observations with questions of ecological interest. In this article, we present
the major challenges of addressing these issues within the context of the
Serengeti wildebeest migration, a keystone ecological phenomena that
crosses multiple scales of space, time and biological complexity.
This article is part of the theme issue âCollective movement ecologyâ
Social networks : the future for health care delivery
With the rapid growth of online social networking for health, health care systems are experiencing an inescapable increase in complexity. This is not necessarily a drawback; self-organising, adaptive networks could become central to future health care delivery. This paper considers whether social networks composed of patients and their social circles can compete with, or complement, professional networks in assembling health-related information of value for improving health and health care. Using the framework of analysis of a two-sided network â patients and providers â with multiple platforms for interaction, we argue that the structure and dynamics of such a network has implications for future health care. Patients are using social networking to access and contribute health information. Among those living with chronic illness and disability and engaging with social networks, there is considerable expertise in assessing, combining and exploiting information. Social networking is providing a new landscape for patients to assemble health information, relatively free from the constraints of traditional health care. However, health information from social networks currently complements traditional sources rather than substituting for them. Networking among health care provider organisations is enabling greater exploitation of health information for health care planning. The platforms of interaction are also changing. Patient-doctor encounters are now more permeable to influence from social networks and professional networks. Diffuse and temporary platforms of interaction enable discourse between patients and professionals, and include platforms controlled by patients. We argue that social networking has the potential to change patterns of health inequalities and access to health care, alter the stability of health care provision and lead to a reformulation of the role of health professionals. Further research is needed to understand how network structure combined with its dynamics will affect the flow of information and potentially the allocation of health care resources
Improving democratic governance through institutional design: civic participation and democratic ownership in Europe
In this article we provide a conceptual and argumentative framework for studying how institutional design can enhance civic participation and ultimately increase citizensâ sense of democratic ownership of governmental processes. First, we set out the socio-political context for enhancing the democratic governance of regulatory policies in Europe, and highlight the way in which civic participation and democratic ownership is given equal weight to economic competitiveness. We then discuss the potential for institutionalised participatory governance to develop and their prospects for improving effective and democratic governance in the multi-layered European polity. The article concludes by outlining a research agenda for the field and identifying the priorities for scholars working in interaction with civil society and governments
ORGANIZATIONAL EFFECTIVENESS: SOCIAL CAPITAL AND COMPETITIVE ADVANTAGE APPROACH
This study is aimed at developing the model of organizational effectiveness in university through social capital and competitive advantage. The populations of this study are the head of study programs and the structural officials in some Universities in Semarang. In this case, We used Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) in AMOS 21.0 program as the analysis tool. The result of the study and model analysis showed that even though the social capital had significant positive influenced to the competitive advantage in the university, the improvement of social capital and competitive advantage at university could not improve the university organizational
effectiveness. Then, between two factors which influenced the competitive advantage (internal social capital and external social capital), it is obtained that external social capital got the dominant influenced factor to competitive advantage. The managerial implication suggested the policies should focus on improving the quality of cooperative relationships with external parties in the university
Revealing networks from dynamics: an introduction
What can we learn from the collective dynamics of a complex network about its
interaction topology? Taking the perspective from nonlinear dynamics, we
briefly review recent progress on how to infer structural connectivity (direct
interactions) from accessing the dynamics of the units. Potential applications
range from interaction networks in physics, to chemical and metabolic
reactions, protein and gene regulatory networks as well as neural circuits in
biology and electric power grids or wireless sensor networks in engineering.
Moreover, we briefly mention some standard ways of inferring effective or
functional connectivity.Comment: Topical review, 48 pages, 7 figure
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