62,552 research outputs found
Internal Consistency Reliability Of Instruments Measuring Students Satisfaction As An Internal Customer (Application Of Factor Analysis)
Reliability is consistency of the instrument in measurement whatever it measures. There are different methods available for estimating internal consistency reliability base on a single administration of a given assessment. Measures of internal consistency are a popular set of assessments with Cronbachâs alpha () being the most favored. Two other measures of internal consistency, such as theta (Î) and omega (Ω). Each of three measures and its computation is described using instrument for measuring studentsâ satisfaction as internal customer. Studentsâ satisfaction is the level of a studentâs felt state resulting from comparing a productâs perceived performance (outcome) in relations to the studentâs expectation. The purpose of this study to answer which of the three measures a highest one? The research was survey research using simple random sampling methods. The instrument was based on the definition above and it was tried out to 103 Post Graduate studentsâ State University of Jakarta (Universitas Negeri Jakarta). Because alpha () is a lower bound reliability assessment so this research the following holds < Î < Ω for this instrument. It can be concluded that the questionnaire measuring studentsâ satisfaction has appropriate internal consistency reliability. Further try out is still needed to standardize the instrument.
Key words: internal consistency reliability , Î, and Ω, studentsâ satisfaction as an internal custome
Dealing with Internal Inconsistency in Double-Bounded Dichotomous Choice: An Application to Community-Based Health Insurance
Contingent valuation method is commonly used in the field of health economics in an attempt to help policy maker in taking decisions. The use of the double-bounded dichotomous choice format results in a substantial gain in statistical efficiency over the single bounded dichotomous choice format. Yet, this efficiency gain comes at the cost of biasness known as internal inconsistency. This paper aims at reducing this internal inconsistency in double-bounded dichotomous choice by using the certainty calibration technique in a community-based health insurance study. Findings confirm the internal inconsistency between the initial and the follow-up responses and the statistical efficiency gains of the double-bounded dichotomous choice over the single-bounded dichotomous choice. Furthermore, the use of certainty calibration reduces this internal inconsistent pattern in responses and still maintains efficiency gain. We further discuss the policy implications.Contingent valuation; internal inconsistency; certainty calibration; community-based health insurance
Attracted but Unsatisfied: The Effects of Arousing Content on Television Consumption Choices
This paper investigates experimentally the effects of arousing content on viewing choices and satisfaction in television consumption. We test the hypothesis that the portrayal of arousing content combines high attraction and low satisfaction and is thus responsible for suboptimal choices. In our experiment, subjects can choose among three programs during a viewing session. In the experimental condition, one of the three programs portrays a violent verbal conflict, whereas in the control condition the same program portrays a calm debate. A post-experimental questionnaire is used to assess subjects' satisfaction with the programs and the overall viewing experience. The results support the hypothesis: the presence of arousing content causes sub- jects to watch more of a given program, although they experience lower content-specific and overall satisfaction. Arousing contents also significantly increase the discrepancy between actual and desired viewing.Rational Choice, Audience, Television, Satisfaction, Arousing content, Laboratory Experiments.
Answer Set Programming Modulo `Space-Time'
We present ASP Modulo `Space-Time', a declarative representational and
computational framework to perform commonsense reasoning about regions with
both spatial and temporal components. Supported are capabilities for mixed
qualitative-quantitative reasoning, consistency checking, and inferring
compositions of space-time relations; these capabilities combine and synergise
for applications in a range of AI application areas where the processing and
interpretation of spatio-temporal data is crucial. The framework and resulting
system is the only general KR-based method for declaratively reasoning about
the dynamics of `space-time' regions as first-class objects. We present an
empirical evaluation (with scalability and robustness results), and include
diverse application examples involving interpretation and control tasks
Are we measuring what we want to measure?
The social context of survey interviews is likely to be important in survey measurement in developing countries, where respondents expect to benefit from participation. In the recent literature on survey measurement, however, there are few attempts to analyze the impact of the respondentsâ social context on response error, and they tend to be limited to developed countries. This paper follows the narrow path traced by these attempts. The opportunity for this study is offered by a set of 134 unplanned re-interviews collected during the fieldwork operations of a household panel survey in rural Malawi. Personal benefit was the main reason some respondents were willing to be re-interviewed, since the survey compensated them with an additional gift for the second interview. By comparing the answers to the first and second interview given by the re-interviewed respondents, this paper therefore assesses how the search for personal benefit (which captures some aspects of the respondentsâ social context) biased the results.AIDS/HIV, consistency, Malawi, response error, social interaction, survey measurement, surveys
On Properties of Update Sequences Based on Causal Rejection
We consider an approach to update nonmonotonic knowledge bases represented as
extended logic programs under answer set semantics. New information is
incorporated into the current knowledge base subject to a causal rejection
principle enforcing that, in case of conflicts, more recent rules are preferred
and older rules are overridden. Such a rejection principle is also exploited in
other approaches to update logic programs, e.g., in dynamic logic programming
by Alferes et al. We give a thorough analysis of properties of our approach, to
get a better understanding of the causal rejection principle. We review
postulates for update and revision operators from the area of theory change and
nonmonotonic reasoning, and some new properties are considered as well. We then
consider refinements of our semantics which incorporate a notion of minimality
of change. As well, we investigate the relationship to other approaches,
showing that our approach is semantically equivalent to inheritance programs by
Buccafurri et al. and that it coincides with certain classes of dynamic logic
programs, for which we provide characterizations in terms of graph conditions.
Therefore, most of our results about properties of causal rejection principle
apply to these approaches as well. Finally, we deal with computational
complexity of our approach, and outline how the update semantics and its
refinements can be implemented on top of existing logic programming engines.Comment: 59 pages, 2 figures, 3 tables, to be published in "Theory and
Practice of Logic Programming
Voronoi-Based Region Approximation for Geographical Information Retrieval with Gazetteers
Gazetteers and geographical thesauri can be regarded as parsimonious spatial models that associate geographical location with place names and encode some semantic relations between the names. They are of particular value in processing information retrieval requests in which the user employs place names to specify geographical context. Typically the geometric locational data in a gazetteer are confined to a simple footprint in the form of a centroid or a minimum bounding rectangle, both of which can be used to link to a map but are of limited value in determining spatial relationships. Here we describe a Voronoi diagram method for generating approximate regional extents from sets of centroids that are respectively inside and external to a region. The resulting approximations provide measures of areal extent and can be used to assist in answering geographical queries by evaluating spatial relationships such as distance, direction and common boundary length. Preliminary experimental evaluations of the method have been performed in the context of a semantic modelling system that combines the centroid data with hierarchical and adjacency relations between the associated place names
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