2,697 research outputs found

    Evaluation of left ventricular torsion by cardiovascular magnetic resonance

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    Recently there has been considerable interest in LV torsion and its relationship with symptomatic and pre-symptomatic disease processes. Torsion gives useful additional information about myocardial tissue performance in both systolic and diastolic function. CMR assessment of LV torsion is simply and efficiently performed. However, there is currently a wide variation in the reporting of torsional motion and the procedures used for its calculation. For example, torsion has been presented as twist (degrees), twist per length (degrees/mm), shear angle (degrees), and shear strain (dimensionless). This paper reviews current clinical applications and shows how torsion can give insights into LV mechanics and the influence of LV geometry and myocyte fiber architecture on cardiac function. Finally, it provides recommendations for CMR measurement protocols, attempts to stimulate standardization of torsion calculation, and suggests areas of useful future research

    Aerospace Medicine and Biology. A continuing bibliography (Supplement 226)

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    This bibliography lists 129 reports, articles, and other documents introduced into the NASA scientific and technical information system in November 1981

    Cardiac cell modelling: Observations from the heart of the cardiac physiome project

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    In this manuscript we review the state of cardiac cell modelling in the context of international initiatives such as the IUPS Physiome and Virtual Physiological Human Projects, which aim to integrate computational models across scales and physics. In particular we focus on the relationship between experimental data and model parameterisation across a range of model types and cellular physiological systems. Finally, in the context of parameter identification and model reuse within the Cardiac Physiome, we suggest some future priority areas for this field

    Aerospace Medicine and Biology: A continuing bibliography with indexes (supplement 141)

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    This special bibliography lists 267 reports, articles, and other documents introduced into the NASA scientific and technical information system in April 1975

    Supervised cross-modal factor analysis for multiple modal data classification

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    In this paper we study the problem of learning from multiple modal data for purpose of document classification. In this problem, each document is composed two different modals of data, i.e., an image and a text. Cross-modal factor analysis (CFA) has been proposed to project the two different modals of data to a shared data space, so that the classification of a image or a text can be performed directly in this space. A disadvantage of CFA is that it has ignored the supervision information. In this paper, we improve CFA by incorporating the supervision information to represent and classify both image and text modals of documents. We project both image and text data to a shared data space by factor analysis, and then train a class label predictor in the shared space to use the class label information. The factor analysis parameter and the predictor parameter are learned jointly by solving one single objective function. With this objective function, we minimize the distance between the projections of image and text of the same document, and the classification error of the projection measured by hinge loss function. The objective function is optimized by an alternate optimization strategy in an iterative algorithm. Experiments in two different multiple modal document data sets show the advantage of the proposed algorithm over other CFA methods

    Cardiac multi-scale investigation of the right and left ventricle ex vivo: a review

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    The heart is a complex multi-scale system composed of components integrated at the subcellular, cellular, tissue and organ levels. The myocytes, the contractile elements of the heart, form a complex three-dimensional (3D) network which enables propagation of the electrical signal that triggers the contraction to efficiently pump blood towards the whole body. Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), a major cause of mortality in developed countries, often lead to cardiovascular remodeling affecting cardiac structure and function at all scales, from myocytes and their surrounding collagen matrix to the 3D organization of the whole heart. As yet, there is no consensus as to how the myocytes are arranged and packed within their connective tissue matrix, nor how best to image them at multiple scales. Cardiovascular imaging is routinely used to investigate cardiac structure and function as well as for the evaluation of cardiac remodeling in CVDs. For a complete understanding of the relationship between structural remodeling and cardiac dysfunction in CVDs, multi-scale imaging approaches are necessary to achieve a detailed description of ventricular architecture along with cardiac function. In this context, ventricular architecture has been extensively studied using a wide variety of imaging techniques: ultrasound (US), optical coherence tomography (OCT), microscopy (confocal, episcopic, light sheet, polarized light), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), micro-computed tomography (micro-CT) and, more recently, synchrotron X-ray phase contrast imaging (SR X-PCI). Each of these techniques have their own set of strengths and weaknesses, relating to sample size, preparation, resolution, 2D/3D capabilities, use of contrast agents and possibility of performing together with in vivo studies. Therefore, the combination of different imaging techniques to investigate the same sample, thus taking advantage of the strengths of each method, could help us to extract the maximum information about ventricular architecture and function. In this review, we provide an overview of available and emerging cardiovascular imaging techniques for assessing myocardial architecture ex vivo and discuss their utility in being able to quantify cardiac remodeling, in CVDs, from myocyte to whole organ

    Mechanistic Inquiry into the Role of Tissue Remodeling in Fibrotic Lesions in Human Atrial Fibrillation

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    AbstractAtrial fibrillation (AF), the most common arrhythmia in humans, is initiated when triggered activity from the pulmonary veins propagates into atrial tissue and degrades into reentrant activity. Although experimental and clinical findings show a correlation between atrial fibrosis and AF, the causal relationship between the two remains elusive. This study used an array of 3D computational models with different representations of fibrosis based on a patient-specific atrial geometry with accurate fibrotic distribution to determine the mechanisms by which fibrosis underlies the degradation of a pulmonary vein ectopic beat into AF. Fibrotic lesions in models were represented with combinations of: gap junction remodeling; collagen deposition; and myofibroblast proliferation with electrotonic or paracrine effects on neighboring myocytes. The study found that the occurrence of gap junction remodeling and the subsequent conduction slowing in the fibrotic lesions was a necessary but not sufficient condition for AF development, whereas myofibroblast proliferation and the subsequent electrophysiological effect on neighboring myocytes within the fibrotic lesions was the sufficient condition necessary for reentry formation. Collagen did not alter the arrhythmogenic outcome resulting from the other fibrosis components. Reentrant circuits formed throughout the noncontiguous fibrotic lesions, without anchoring to a specific fibrotic lesion

    Aging, telomeres and heart failure

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    During normal aging, the heart undergoes functional, morphological and cellular changes. Although aging per se does not lead to the expression of heart failure, it is likely that age-associated changes lower the threshold for the manifestation of signs and symptoms of heart failure. In patients, the susceptibility, age of onset and pace of progression of heart failure are highly variable. The presence of conventional risk factors cannot completely explain this variability. Accumulation of DNA damage and telomere attrition results in an increase in cellular senescence and apoptosis, resulting in a decrease in the number and function of cells, contributing to the overall tissue and organ dysfunction. Biological aging, characterized by reduced telomere length, provides an explanation for the highly interindividual variable threshold to express the clinical syndrome of heart failure at some stage during life. In this review, we will elaborate on the current knowledge of aging of the heart, telomere biology and its potential role in the development of heart failure

    Experimental and computational biomedicine : Russian Conference with International Participation in memory of Professor Vladimir S. Markhasin : abstract book

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    Toward 100 Anniversary of I. P. Pavlov's Physiological Society.The volume contains the presentations that were made during Russian conference with international participation "Experimental and Computational Biomedicine" dedicated to corresponding member of RAS V.S. Markhasin (Ekaterinburg, April 10‒12, 2016). The main purpose of the conference is the discussion of the current state of experimental and theoretical research in biomedicine. For a wide range of scientists, as well as for lecturers, students of the biological and medical high schools.Сборник содержит тезисы докладов, представленных на российской конференции с международным участием «Экспериментальная и компьютерная биомедицина», посвященной памяти члена‐корреспондента РАН В. С. Мархасина (г. Екатеринбург, 10‒12 апреля 2016 г.). Основной целью конференции является обсуждение современного состояния экспериментальных и теоретических исследований в области биомедицины. Сборник предназначен для ученых, преподавателей, студентов и аспирантов биологического и медицинского профиля.МАРХАСИН ВЛАДИМИР СЕМЕНОВИЧ (1941-2015)/ MARKHASIN VLADIMIR SEMENOVICH (1941-2015). [3] PROGRAMM COMMITTEE. [5] ORGANIZING COMMITTEE. [6] KEYNOTE SPEAKERS. [7] CONTENTS. [9] PLENARY LECTURES. [10] Fedotov S. Non-Markovian random walks and anomalous transport in biology. [10] Hoekstra A. Multiscale modelling in vascular disease. [10] Kohl P. Systems biology of the heart: why bother? [10] Meyerhans A. On the regulation of virus infection fates. [11] Panfilov A.V., Dierckx H., Kazbanov I., Vandersickel N. Systems approach to studying mechanisms of ventricular fibrillationusing anatomically accurate modeling. [11] Revishvili A.S. Atrial fibrillation. Noninvasive diagnostic and treatment:from fundamental studies to clinical practice. [12] Rice J. Life sciences research at IBM. [12] Roshchevskaya I.M., Smirnova S., Roshchevsky M.P. Regularities of the depolarization of an atria:an experimental comparative-physiological study. [12] Rusinov V.L., Chupahin O.N., Charushin V.N Scientific basis for development of antiviral drugs. [13] Solovyova O.E. Tribute Lecture. Mechano-electric heterogeneity of the myocardiumas a paradigm of its function. [13] Veksler V. Myocardial energy starvation in chronic heart failure:perspectives for metabolic therapy. [13] Wladimiroff J.W. Fetal cardiac assessment using new methodsof ultrasound examination. [14] Yushkov B.G., Chereshnev V.A. The important questions of regeneration theory. [14] EXPERIMENTAL AND COMPUTATIONAL MODELS IN CARDIOVASCULARPHYSIOLOGY AND CARDIOLOGY. [15] EXPERIMENTAL AND COMPUTATIONAL MODELS IN CARDIOVASCULARPHYSIOLOGY AND CARDIOLOGY. [15] Arteyeva N. T-wave area along with Tpeak-Tend interval is the most accurateindex of the dispersion of repolarization. [15] Borodin N., Iaparov B.Y., Moskvin A. Mathematical modeling of the calmodulin effect on the RyR2 gating. [15] Dokuchaev A., Katsnelson L.B., Sulman T.B., Shikhaleva E.V., Vikulova N.A. Contribution of cooperativity to the mechano-calcium feedbacksin myocardium. Experimental discrepancy and mathematicalapproach to overcome it. [16] Elman K.A., Filatova D.Y., Bashkatova Y.V., Beloschenko D.V. The stochastic and chaotic estimation of parametersof cardiorespiratory system of students of Ugra. [16] Erkudov V.O., Pugovkin A.P., Verlov N.A., Sergeev I.V., Ievkov S.A., Mashood S., Bagrina J.V. Characteristics of the accuracy of calculation of values of systemic blood pressure using transfer functions in experimental blood loss and its compensation. [16] Ermolaev P., Khramykh T.Mechanisms of cardiodepression after 80% liver resection in rats. [17] Filatova O.E., Rusak S.N., Maystrenko E.V., Dobrynina I.Y. Aging dynamics of cardio-vascular parameters аboriginal systemand alien population of the Russian North. [17] Frolova S., Agladze K.I., Tsvelaya V., Gaiko O. Photocontrol of voltage-gated ion channel activity by azobenzenetrimethylammonium bromide in neonatal rat cardiomyocytes. [18] Gorbunov V.S., Agladze K.I., Erofeev I.S. The application of C-TAB for excitation propagation photocontrolin cardiac tissue. [18] Iribe G. Localization of TRPC3 channels estimated by in-silicoand cellular functional experiments. [19] Kachalov V.N., Tsvelaya V., Agladze K.I. Conditions of the spiral wave unpinning from the heterogeneitywith different boundary conditions in a model of cardiac tissue. [19] Kalita I., Nizamieva A.A., Tsvelaya V., Kudryashova N., Agladze K.I. The influence of anisotropy on excitation wave propagationin neonatal rat cardiomyocytes monolayer. [19] Kamalova Y. The designing of vectorcardiograph prototype. [20] Kapelko V., Shirinsky V.P., Lakomkin V., Lukoshkova E., Gramovich V.,Vyborov O., Abramov A., Undrovinas N., Ermishkin V. Models of chronic heart failure with acute and gradual onset. [20] Khassanov I., Lomidze N.N., Revishvili A.S. Remote Patient Monitoring and Integration of Medical Data. [20] Kislukhin V. Markov chain for an indicator passing throughoutcardio-vascular system (CVS). [21] Konovalov P.V., Pravdin S., Solovyova O.E., Panfilov A.V. Influence of myocardial heterogeneity on scroll wave dynamicsin an axisymmetrical anatomical model of the left ventricle of thehuman heart. [21] Koshelev A., Pravdin S., Ushenin K.S., Bazhutina A.E. An improved analytical model of the cardiac left ventricle. [22] Lookin O., Protsenko Y.L. Sex-related effects of stretch on isometric twitch and Ca2+ transientin healthy and failing right ventricular myocardiumof adult and impuberal rats. [22] Moskvin A. Electron-conformational model of the ligand-activated ion channels. [22] Nezlobinsky T., Pravdin S., Katsnelson L.B. In silico comparison of the electrical propagation wave alongmyocardium fibers in the left ventricle wall vs. isolation. [23] Nigmatullina R.R., Zemskova S.N., Bilalova D.F., Mustafin A.A., Kuzmina O.I., Chibireva M.D., Nedorezova R.S. Valid method for estimation of pulmonary hypertention degreein children. [23] Parfenov A. Mathematical modeling of the cardiovascular systemunder the influence of environmental factors. [24] Pimenov V.G., Hendy A. Adaptivity of the alternating direction method for fractional reactiondiffusion equation with delay effects in electrocardiology. [24] Podgurskaya A.D., Krasheninnikova A., Tsvelaya V., Kudryashova N., Agladze K.I. Influence of alcohols on excitation wave propagationin neonatal rat ventricular cardiomyocyte monolayer. [24] Pravdin S. A mathematical model of the cardiac left ventricle anatomy and morphology. [24] Seemann G. Cause and effects of cardiac heterogeneity:insights from experimental and computational models. [25] Seryapina A.A., Shevelev O.B. Basic metabolomic patterns in early hypertensive rats: MRI study. [25] Shestakov A.P., Vasserman I.N., Shardakov I.N. Modeling of cardiac arrhythmia generation caused bypathological distribution of myocardial conductivity. [26] Shutko A.V., Gorbunov V.S., Nizamieva A.A., Guriya K.G., Agladze K.I. Contractile micro-constructs from cardiac tissue culturefor the research of autowave propagation in excitable systems. [26] Simakov S., Gamilov T., Kopylov Ph. Computational study of the haemodynamic significanceof the stenosis during multivessel coronary disease. [27] Syomin F., Zberiya M.V. A numerical simulation of changes in the performance of the leftventricle of the heart under various hemodynamic conditions. [27] Tsaturyan A. A simple model of cardiac muscle:mechanics, actin-myosin interaction and Ca-activation. [27] Tsvelaya V., Krasheninnikova A., Kudryashova N., Agladze K.I. Calcium-current dominated upstroke in severe hyperkalemia. [28] Ushenin K.S., Pravdin S., Chumarnaya T.V., Alueva Y.S., Solovyova O.E. Dynamics of scroll wave filaments in personalized modelsof the left ventricle of the human heart. [28] Vasserman I.N., Shardakov I.N., Shestakov A.P. Deriving of macroscopic intracellular conductivity of deformedmyocardium based on its microstructure. [28] Vassilevski Y.V., Pryamonosov R., Gamilov T. Personalized 3D models and applications. [29] Zun P.S., Hoekstra A., Anikina T.S. First results of fully coupled 3D models of in-stent restenosis. [29] BIOMECHANICS. EXPERIMENTAL AND MATHEMATICAL MODELSSBIOMECHANICS. EXPERIMENTAL AND MATHEMATICAL MODELS. EXPERIMENTAL AND MATHEMATICAL MODELS. [30] Balakin A., Kuznetsov D., Protsenko Y.L. The ‘length-tension’ loop in isolated myocardial preparations of theright ventricle of normal and hypertrophied hearts of male rats. [30] Belousova M.D., Kruchinina A.P., Chertopolokhov V.A. Automatic control model of the three-tier arm type manipulatorin the aimed-movement task. [30] Berestin D.K., Bazhenova A.E., Chernikov N.A., Vokhmina Y.V. Mathematical modeling of dynamics of development of Parkinson'sdisease on the tremor parameters. [31] Dubinin A.L., Nyashin Y.I., Osipenko M.A. Development of the biomechanical approach to tooth movementunder the orthodontic treatment. [31] Galochkina T., Volpert V. Reaction-diffusion waves in mathematical model of bloodcoagulation. [31] Golov A.V., Simakov S., Timme E.A. Mathematical modeling of alveolar ventilationand gas exchange during treadmill stress tests. [32] Gurev V., Rice J. Strain prediction in 3D finite element models of cardiac mechanics. [32] Kamaltdinov M.R. Simulation of digestion processes in antroduodenum:food particles dissolution in consideration of functional disorders. [33] Khamzin S., Kursanov A., Solovyova O.E. Load-dependence of the electromechanical function of myocardiumin a 1D tissue model. [33] Khokhlova A., Iribe G., Solovyova O.E Transmural gradient in mechanical properties of isolatedsubendocardial and subepicardial cardiomyocytes. [33] Kruchinin P.A. Optimal control problem and indexesof stabilometric "test with the visual step input". [34] Kruchinina A.P., Yakushev A.G. A study of the edge segments of saccadic eye trajectory. [34] Kursanov A., Khamzin S., Solovyova O.E. Load-dependence of intramyocardial slow force responsein heterogeneous myocardium. [35] Lisin R.V., Balakin A., Protsenko Y.L. Experimental study of the intramyocardial slow force response. [35] Melnikova N.B., Hoekstra A. The mechanics of a discrete multi-cellular model of arterial in‐stent restenosis. [35] Murashova D.S., Murashov S.A., Bogdan O.P., Muravieva O.V., Yugova S.O. Modelling of soft tissue deformation for static elastometry. [36] Nikitin V.N., Tverier V.M., Krotkikh A.A. Occlusion correction based on biomechanical modelling. [36] Nyashin Y.I., Lokhov V.A. Development of the “Virtual physiological human” concept. [37] Shulyatev A.F., Akulich Y.V., Akulich A.Y., Denisov A.S. 3D FEA simulation of the proximal human femur. 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The crucial role of the rapidly activating component of outwarddelayed rectifier K-current (IKr) in pig sinoauricular node (SAN). [40] Danilov A.A. Numerical methods for electrocardiography modelling. [41] Kolomeyets N.L., Roshchevskaya I.M. The electrical resistivity of a segment of the tail, lungs, liver,intercostal muscles of grass snakes during cooling. [41] Kharkovskaia E., Zhidkova N., Mukhina I.V., Osipov G.V. Role of TRPC1 channels in the propagation of electrical excitationin the isolated rat heart. [42] Lubimceva T.A., Lebedeva V.K., Trukshina M.A., Lyasnikova E.A., Lebedev D.S. Ventricular lead position and mechanical dyssynchronyin response to cardiac resynchronization therapy. [42] Poskina T.Y., Shakirova L.S., Klyus L.G., Eskov V.V. Stochastics and chaotic analysis of electromyogramand electroencefalogramm. [42] Prosheva V.I. New insights into the pacemaker and conduction systemcells organization in the adult avian heart. 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A mathematical model of the functioning and mutual regulation ofthe immune and neuroendocrine systems in response to viralexposure under the impact of environmental factors, taking intoaccount the evolution of synthetic function impairment. [46] Khramtsova Y. The role of mast cells in the regulation of repair testicles. [46] Novikov M.Y., Kim A.V. Simulation of immune processes using Bio-Medical Software Package. [47] Polevshchikov A.V., Bondar A.V., Gumovskaya J.P. Modelling of t cell extravasation into a lymph node:from morphological basics towards clonal selection theory. [47] Tuzankina I.A., Sarkisyan N., Bolkov M., Tihomirov L.B., Bass E.A. Oral and maxillofacial manifestationsof primary immunodeficiency syndroms. [47] Zaitsev S.V., Polevshchikov A.V. Evaluation of probabilities of antigen recognition by T-lymphocytesin the lymph node: a mathematical model. [48] MOLECULAR BASIS OF BIOLOGICAL MOTILITY. 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