An improved optimization technique for estimation of solar photovoltaic parameters

The nonlinear current vs voltage (I-V) characteristics of solar PV make its modelling difficult. Optimization techniques are the best tool for identifying the parameters of nonlinear models. Even though, there are different optimization techniques used for parameter estimation of solar PV, still the best optimized results are not achieved to date. In this paper, Wind Driven Optimization (WDO) technique is proposed as the new method for identifying the parameters of solar PV. The accuracy and convergence time of the proposed method is compared with results of Pattern Search (PS), Genetic Algorithm (GA), and Simulated Annealing (SA) for single diode and double diode models of solar PV. Furthermore, for performance validation, the parameters obtained through WDO are compared with hybrid Bee Pollinator Flower Pollination Algorithm (BPFPA), Flower Pollination Algorithm (FPA), Generalized Oppositional Teaching Learning Based Optimization (GOTLBO), Artificial Bee Swarm Optimization (ABSO), and Harmony Search (HS). The obtained results clearly reveal that WDO algorithm can provide accurate optimized values with less number of iterations at different environmental conditions. Therefore, the WDO can be recommended as the best optimization algorithm for parameter estimation of solar PV

Modeling and Control for Smart Grid Integration of Solar/Wind Energy Conversion System

Performance optimization, system reliability and operational efficiency are key characteristics of smart grid systems. In this paper a novel model of smart grid-connected PV/WT hybrid system is developed. It comprises photovoltaic array, wind turbine, asynchronous (induction) generator, controller and converters. The model is implemented using MATLAB/SIMULINK software package. Perturb and observe (P&O) algorithm is used for maximizing the generated power based on maximum power point tracker (MPPT) implementation. The dynamic behavior of the proposed model is examined under different operating conditions. Solar irradiance, temperature and wind speed data is gathered from a grid connected, 28.8kW solar power system located in central Manchester. Real-time measured parameters are used as inputs for the developed system. The proposed model and its control strategy offer a proper tool for smart grid performance optimization

Evolution engine technology in exhaust gas recirculation for heavy-duty diesel engine

In this present year, engineers have been researching and inventing to get the optimum of less emission in every vehicle for a better environmental friendly. Diesel engines are known reusing of the exhaust gas in order to reduce the exhaust emissions such as NOx that contribute high factors in the pollution. In this paper, we have conducted a study that EGR instalment in the vehicle can be good as it helps to prevent highly amount of toxic gas formation, which NOx level can be lowered. But applying the EGR it can lead to more cooling and more space which will affect in terms of the costing. Throughout the research, fuelling in the engine affects the EGR producing less emission. Other than that, it contributes to the less of performance efficiency when vehicle load is less

Modeling and Simulation of Solar Photovoltaic Cell for the Generation of Electricity in UAE

This paper proposes the implementation of a circuit based simulation for a Solar Photovoltaic (PV) cell in order to get the maximum power output. The model is established based on the mathematical model of the PV module. As the PV cell is used to determine the physical and electrical behavior of the cell corresponding to environmental factors such as temperature and solar irradiance, this paper evaluates thirty years solar irradiation data in United Arab Emirates (UAE), also analyzes the performance parameters of PV cell for several locations. Based on the Shockley diode equation, a solar PV module is presented. However, to analyze the performance parameters, Solarex MSX 120, a typical 120W module is selected. The mathematical model for the chosen module is executed in Matlab. The consequence of this paper reflects the effects of variation of solar irradiation on PV cell within UAE. Conclusively, this paper determines the convenient places for implementing the large scale solar PV modules within UAE.Comment: To be published in 5th International Conference on Advances in Electrical Engineering (ICAEE-2019

Cakar ayam shaping machine

Cakar ayam (Figure 7.1) is one of the Malay traditional cookies that are made from sliced sweet potatoes deep-fried in the coconut candy. In current practice of moulding the cookies, the fried sweet potatoes are molded using traditional manual tools, which are inefficient and less productive for the mass production purposes. “Kuih cakar ayam” associated with the meaning of the idiom means less messy handwriting has a somewhat negative connotation .This cookies may just seem less attractive in shape but still likeable . In fact, this cookie is considered a popular snack even outside the holiday season. The choice of the name of this cookie is more to shape actually resembles former chicken scratches made by the paw the ground while foraging. The value of wisdom, beauty and creativity of the Malays is clearly evident through the Malay cookie. Although it is attacked by the invention of modern cakes that look far more interesting, these cakes will be able to survive a long time until now

A comparison of various double loops frequency selective surfaces in terms of angular stability

This paper presents the comparison of Frequency Selective Surfaces (FSS) structure performance based on three different double loops: square, circular and hexagonal structures. The simulation process of the double loops FFS structures are carried out by using the Computer Simulation Technology (CST) Microwave Studio software. The dielectric substrate used in the simulation is the FR-4 lossy substrate

Hybrid photovoltaic-thermoelectric generator powered synchronous reluctance motor for pumping applications

The interest in photovoltaic (PV) pumping systems has increased, particularly in rural areas where there is no grid supply available. However, both the performance and the cost of the whole system are still an obstacle for a wide spread of this technology. In this article, a hybrid photovoltaic (PV)-thermoelectric generator (TEG) is investigated for pumping applications. The electric drivetrain comprises a synchronous reluctance motor and an inverter. A control strategy for the drivetrain is employed to execute two main tasks: 1) driving the motor properly to achieve a maximum torque per Ampere condition and 2) maximizing the output power of the PV system at different weather conditions. This means that the conventional DC-DC converter is not used in the proposed system. Moreover, batteries, which are characterized by short life expectancy and high replacement cost, are also not used. It is found that the motor output power and the pump flow rate are increased by about 9.5% and 12% respectively when the hybrid PV-TEG array is used compared to only using PV array. Accordingly, the performance, cost and complexity of the system are improved. Measurements on an experimental laboratory setup are constructed to validate the theoretical results of this work

Electricity from photovoltaic solar cells: Flat-Plate Solar Array Project final report. Volume VI: Engineering sciences and reliability

The Flat-Plate Solar Array (FSA) Project, funded by the U.S. Government and managed by the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, was formed in 1975 to develop the module/array technology needed to attain widespread terrestrial use of photovoltaics by 1985. To accomplish this, the FSA Project established and managed an Industry, University, and Federal Government Team to perform the needed research and development. This volume of the series of final reports documenting the FSA Project deals with the Project's activities directed at developing the engineering technology base required to achieve modules that meet the functional, safety and reliability requirements of large-scale terrestrial photovoltaic systems applications. These activities included: (1) development of functional, safety, and reliability requirements for such applications; (2) development of the engineering analytical approaches, test techniques, and design solutions required to meet the requirements; (3) synthesis and procurement of candidate designs for test and evaluation; and (4) performance of extensive testing, evaluation, and failure analysis to define design shortfalls and, thus, areas requiring additional research and development. During the life of the FSA Project, these activities were known by and included a variety of evolving organizational titles: Design and Test, Large-Scale Procurements, Engineering, Engineering Sciences, Operations, Module Performance and Failure Analysis, and at the end of the Project, Reliability and Engineering Sciences. This volume provides both a summary of the approach and technical outcome of these activities and provides a complete Bibliography (Appendix A) of the published documentation covering the detailed accomplishments and technologies developed