What your Facebook Profile Picture Reveals about your Personality

People spend considerable effort managing the impressions they give others. Social psychologists have shown that people manage these impressions differently depending upon their personality. Facebook and other social media provide a new forum for this fundamental process; hence, understanding people's behaviour on social media could provide interesting insights on their personality. In this paper we investigate automatic personality recognition from Facebook profile pictures. We analyze the effectiveness of four families of visual features and we discuss some human interpretable patterns that explain the personality traits of the individuals. For example, extroverts and agreeable individuals tend to have warm colored pictures and to exhibit many faces in their portraits, mirroring their inclination to socialize; while neurotic ones have a prevalence of pictures of indoor places. Then, we propose a classification approach to automatically recognize personality traits from these visual features. Finally, we compare the performance of our classification approach to the one obtained by human raters and we show that computer-based classifications are significantly more accurate than averaged human-based classifications for Extraversion and Neuroticism

“Discover your own Ireland”: Virtual Ireland(s) for an international audience

Copyright @ 2009 University of GlasgowThe opening years of the twenty-first century can be characterised by the increased overlap between cyberspace and the physical world; virtual reality is more real than it has ever been. The rising popularity of web 2.0 forms of self-expression and user generated content such as Facebook, MySpace and blogging have resulted in it becoming the largest growth area on the internet. This essay hopes to explore how the uptake and familiarity with web technology by Irish people has overflowed into their lives and cultural expressions via the use of ‘virtual communities’. As the forums for representing the virtual self continue to evolve and multiply, debates over the multiple meanings of Irishness will thrive as the ‘new Irish’ continue to reinterpret the complexities of their identity using web technology

How are you doing? : emotions and personality in Facebook

User generated content on social media sites is a rich source of information about latent variables of their users. Proper mining of this content provides a shortcut to emotion and personality detection of users without filling out questionnaires. This in turn increases the application potential of personalized services that rely on the knowledge of such latent variables. In this paper we contribute to this emerging domain by studying the relation between emotions expressed in approximately 1 million Facebook (FB) status updates and the users' age, gender and personality. Additionally, we investigate the relations between emotion expression and the time when the status updates were posted. In particular, we find that female users are more emotional in their status posts than male users. In addition, we find a relation between age and sharing of emotions. Older FB users share their feelings more often than young users. In terms of seasons, people post about emotions less frequently in summer. On the other hand, December is a time when people are more likely to share their positive feelings with their friends. We also examine the relation between users' personality and their posts. We find that users who have an open personality express their emotions more frequently, while neurotic users are more reserved to share their feelings

Eagle-eye on Identities in the digital world

The concept of Identity, its representation and the definition of its attributes see essential changes in its translation into the digital world. The elements involved in the process of identification and authentication, attributes and identifiers, are created into a virtual world where physicality vanish and elements of trust evolve, challenging the digital citizens. How the digital world influences the construction of our Identity, of our Trust is essential question to be considered. This report provides an eagle-eye view on the concept and implications of Digital Identities. After an introduction situating the concept of Identity, the report clarifies its contemporary meaning and proposes a definition of reference. In a second time, the authors examine the consequences of the translation of the concept of Identity into the digital, internet-connected world. They analyse then the particularities and consequences of this translation which allow them to situate and define the concept of Digital Identities. Finally, they conclude by the challenges that Digital Identity poses to the digital citizen in the attempt to manage and protect its attributes with the advent of Internet of Things and Blockchain technology. An account by Henning Eichinger of the artistic process of the Skypelab project, searching the evolution on Portraits and Identity in the Digital world since 2012 prefaces this report and provides a complementary perspective on the subject.JRC.E.3-Cyber and Digital Citizens' Securit

Supporting Worth Mapping with Sentence Completion

Expectations for design and evaluation approaches are set by the development practices within which they are used. Worth Centred Development (WCD) seeks to both shape and fit such practices. We report a study that combined two WCD approaches. Sentence completion gathered credible quantitative data on user values, which were used to identify relevant values and aversions of two player groups for an online gambling site. These values provided human value elements for a complementary WCD approach of worth mapping. Initial worth maps were extended in three workshops, which focused on outcomes and user experiences that could be better addressed in the current product and associated marketing materials. We describe how worth maps were prepared for, and presented in, workshops, and how product owners and associated business roles evaluated the combination of WCD approaches. Based on our experiences, we offer practical advice on this combinination

Intention to learn in MMOG: Examining the roles of peer intrinsic and extrinsic motivations

Social Networking Sites (SNS) are one of the most popular business models on the Internet at the moment. At the same time, Social Networking is increasingly interesting as a topic of research in Information Systems. Drawing on existing research in the field, in this paper we propose to distinguish ISN (Internet Social Networking) as a phenomenon from its concrete manifestations in the various SNSs in the marketplace. On the basis of this distinction we take to the classification of SNSs grounded in real-life marketplace variety. In doing so, we identify seven different classes of SNSs. We argue that a typology of SNSs is useful for shaping our understanding of the diverse nature of ISN as existing in concrete manifestations. Most importantly, our classification makes accessible existing research for conceptually sound meta-analysis research. In order to fully grasp the phenomenon of ISN we also propose to include in the definition web sites that feature only certain aspects of ISN, while networking is not their core feature. Using our classification we discuss future research directio

Measuring the effect of immediacy on consumer engagement behaviours in social media settings

This thesis presents evidence of how immediacy affects consumer engagement behaviour in a social media setting. It answers the research question: Does immediacy influence consumer engagement behaviours with brands on Facebook? This research context is important and timely because of the rapidly increasing usage of social media by consumers and the resultant unexplored marketing challenges faced by brand managers. This thesis is informed by Social Impact Theory (SIT) (Latané, 1981), which proposes that immediacy is a determinant of influence in off-line environments. This study focuses upon three forms of immediacy, physical, social and temporal, that are identified within prior literature. This thesis measures the effect and develops SIT to account for immediacy as a social influence determinant of social media behaviour. The thesis follows a mixed method approach using focus groups and experimental design to measure the impact of each form of immediacy on four types of engagement behaviour: page liking, content liking, content sharing and content commenting. A series of three focus groups and three experimental studies were conducted with a total of 312 student participants who were presented with Facebook pages (created specifically for this study). Each Facebook page treatment was modified so that it contained either a high, low or neutral levels of each of the three types of immediacy identified in the literature and the subsequent change in participant engagement behaviour was measured. The results show that social immediacy significantly affects brand engagement intentions in terms of page liking, content liking and content sharing, whereas physical immediacy significantly affected page liking and content liking intentions. Temporal immediacy did not show any effects on the engagement intentions being measured in this thesis. This thesis presents three original contributions to knowledge. First, it makes a theoretical contribution by measuring the effects of three types of immediacy as social impact factors on engagement behaviours in social media. Second, it makes a contextual contribution by exploring how immediacy is perceived in the context of Fan pages, and by identifying other factors that can moderate the social impact of immediacy on consumer behaviour. Finally, this thesis measures the effects of product involvement, Facebook intensity usage and gender as moderators of social impact in social media settings

How do brand managers conceptualise brands? An investigation in the age of the internet-based democratisation of brand management

Brand management has been undergoing radical changes in a world of internet- empowered individuals, groups and organisations. These changes have led to an internet-based democratisation of brand management. Subsequently, the co-creation of brands has been increasingly emphasised in brand management practice as well as theory, especially the co-creation between an organisation’s internal and external brand stakeholders. However, no brand conceptualisation has yet been developed which fully addresses these technological and managerial changes. The purpose of this research is therefore to investigate empirically this research gap – how the term brand is conceptualised by brand managers in the current age of the internet-based democratisation of brand management. Interviews with 20 UK-based brand managers across a range of industries and types of organisation have been conducted, following a social constructivist grounded theory methodology. The key finding of four core components and four core processes which brand managers use as integral parts of their brand conceptualisations led to two contributions: (1) a new conceptual framework and (2) a new brand definition both of which fully integrate the phenomenon of brand co-creation between an organisation’s internal and external brand stakeholders. Together they can be used as a foundation for the development of a new co-creative brand management paradigm which integrates the brand management-related activities initiated not only by internal but also by external brand stakeholders. Two more contributions could be made. Firstly, the identification of the different key developments which led to the internet-based democratisation of brand management can help brand managers to better understand the challenges they are facing in current brand management practice, particularly, due to the evolution of social media. Secondly, the identification of the key brand conceptualisation approaches in the literature makes a contribution by providing evidence that stakeholder-oriented brand conceptualisations are more diverse than identified in current literature. Overall, these contributions all help to move brand definition discourse forward

The Use of the Expects Concept in Designing and Assessing Web 2.0 Sites for Destination Management Organisations

The advent of Web 2.0 has revolutionized many areas of marketing, among them product design, distribution, and communications. Understanding what the consumer/tourist wants has thus become increasingly important. To that end, a new concept has been proposed, that of expects—expects being short for expectations or expectancies—, to better render the complexity of purchase behaviour. Web 2.0 has also given rise to the phenomenon of social networks. In the wake of these interactive tools, many Destination Management Organisations (DMOs) have designed photo and experience sharing sites. Using three sites as case studies, this article demonstrates the usefulness of the expects concept for analyzing sites, including the identification of their appeal and the evaluation of their theoretical potential in attracting and retaining users