2,571 research outputs found
MANAGING HETEROGENEITY IN SEARCH-ADVERTISERS’ OBJECTIVES
Utilization of search engines services is embedded in many people\u27s daily activities. However, consumers do not pay for these services, they are financed through sponsored search. The prevailing Generalized Second Price (GSP) auction mechanism, which is used by search engine service providers to allocate advertising slots to advertisers, who bid on keywords, only charges advertisers for clicks on their ads. Advertisers who seek exposure and do not want consumers to click on their ads, can manipulate search engines by designing ad content with low click through rates that accumulate free exposures.
This research-in-progress paper presents the motivation behind devising a sponsored search auction pricing mechanism that curtails advertisers\u27 exploitation of search engines, resulting in a better experience for consumers.
The paper analyzes the attributes of sponsored search and shows that the indirect payments by consumers do not necessarily lead to market failure, as opposed to other situations where advertisers sponsor information goods such as national commercial television broadcasting
Private Regulation by Platform Operators – Implications for Usage Intensity
Platforms operators act as private regulators to increase usage and maximize profits. Their goals depend on the development of the platform: overcoming the chicken-egg problem early on requires attracting platform participants while quality becomes more important later on. Private regulators influence third-party business models, entry barriers, and usage intensity. We analyze how drivers of usage intensity on Facebook’s application platform were affected by a policy change that increased quality incentives for applications. This change led to the number of installations of each application becoming less important, applications in more concentrated sub-markets achieving higher usage, and applications staying attractive for longer
Incentives for Quality over Time – The Case of Facebook Applications
We study the market for applications on Facebook, the dominant platform for social networking and make use of a rule change by Facebook by which high-quality applications were rewarded with further opportunities to engage users. We find that the change led to quality being a more important driver of usage while sheer network size became less important. Further, we find that update frequency helps applications maintain higher usage, while generally usage of Facebook applications declines less rapidly with age
Private Regulation by Platform Operators – Implications for Usage Intensity
Platforms operators act as private regulators to increase usage and maximize profits. Their goals depend on the development of the platform: overcoming the chicken-egg problem early on requires attracting platform participants while quality becomes more important later on. Private regulators influence third-party business models, entry barriers, and usage intensity. We analyze how drivers of usage intensity on Facebook’s application platform were affected by a policy change that increased quality incentives for applications. This change led to the number of installations of each application becoming less important, applications in more concentrated sub-markets achieving higher usage, and applications staying attractive for longer.private regulation multi-sided platforms usage intensity
CHORUS Deliverable 2.1: State of the Art on Multimedia Search Engines
Based on the information provided by European projects and national initiatives related to multimedia search as well as domains experts that participated in the CHORUS Think-thanks and workshops, this document reports on the state of the art related to multimedia content search from, a technical, and socio-economic perspective.
The technical perspective includes an up to date view on content based indexing and retrieval technologies, multimedia search in the context of mobile devices and peer-to-peer networks, and an overview of current evaluation and benchmark inititiatives to measure the performance of multimedia search engines.
From a socio-economic perspective we inventorize the impact and legal consequences of these technical advances and point out future directions of research
Monetizing Explainable AI: A Double-edged Sword
Algorithms used by organizations increasingly wield power in society as they
decide the allocation of key resources and basic goods. In order to promote
fairer, juster, and more transparent uses of such decision-making power,
explainable artificial intelligence (XAI) aims to provide insights into the
logic of algorithmic decision-making. Despite much research on the topic,
consumer-facing applications of XAI remain rare. A central reason may be that a
viable platform-based monetization strategy for this new technology has yet to
be found. We introduce and describe a novel monetization strategy for fusing
algorithmic explanations with programmatic advertising via an explanation
platform. We claim the explanation platform represents a new,
socially-impactful, and profitable form of human-algorithm interaction and
estimate its potential for revenue generation in the high-risk domains of
finance, hiring, and education. We then consider possible undesirable and
unintended effects of monetizing XAI and simulate these scenarios using
real-world credit lending data. Ultimately, we argue that monetizing XAI may be
a double-edged sword: while monetization may incentivize industry adoption of
XAI in a variety of consumer applications, it may also conflict with the
original legal and ethical justifications for developing XAI. We conclude by
discussing whether there may be ways to responsibly and democratically harness
the potential of monetized XAI to provide greater consumer access to
algorithmic explanations
Platform Rules: Multi-Sided Platforms as Regulators
This paper provides a basic conceptual framework for interpreting non-price instruments used by multi-sided platforms (MSPs) by analogizing MSPs as "private regulators" who regulate access to and interactions around the platform. We present evidence on Facebook, TopCoder, Roppongi Hills and Harvard Business School to document the "regulatory" role played by MSPs. We find MSPs use nuanced combinations of legal, technological, informational and other instruments (including price-setting) to implement desired outcomes. Non-price instruments were very much at the core of MSP strategies.Platforms, regulation, network effects, distributed innovation
User producer interaction in context: a classification
Science, Technology and Innovation Studies show that intensified user producer interaction (UPI) increases chances for successful innovations, especially in the case of emerging technology. It is not always clear, however, what type of interaction is necessary in a particular context. This paper proposes a conceptualization of contexts in terms of three dimensions – the phase of technology development, the flexibility of the technology, and the heterogeneity of user populations – resulting in a classification scheme with eight different contextual situations. The paper identifies and classifies types of interaction, like demand articulation, interactive learning, learning by using and domestication. It appears that each contextual situation demands a different set of UPI types. To illustrate the potential value of the classification scheme, four examples of innovations with varying technological and user characteristics are explored: the refrigerator, clinical anaesthesia, video cassette recording, and the bicycle. For each example the relevant UPI types are discussed and it is shown how these types highlight certain activities and interactions during key events of innovation processes. Finally, some directions for further research are suggested alongside a number of comments on the utility of the classification
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