32,001 research outputs found
Threat or boost: Social comparison affects older people’s performance differently depending on task domain
Objectives. In this research, we investigate whether social comparison with younger people can result in either a stereotype-based threat or boost in older people’s performance.
Methods. Study 1 used nationally representative data to establish domains of performance in which older people are either stereotypically disadvantaged or advantaged relative to younger people. Study 2 was an experiment to test how a potentially threatening versus control versus enhancing comparison with younger people would affect performance in negatively and positively stereotyped task domains.
Results. As predicted, compared with the control condition, stereotype threat caused performance decrements in both task domains. This effect was partially mediated by anxiety. Moreover, the enhancing social comparison boosted performance, but only on a crossword task, a task on which older people’s abilities are favorably stereotyped.
Discussion. The research demonstrates that a threatening comparison can result in underperformance by older people both in negatively and positively self-stereotyped task domains. It also demonstrates that social comparison with younger people can enhance older people’s performance in a positively stereotyped task domain. The implications for creating circumstances likely to enable older people to achieve their full potential are discussed
A System for Accessible Artificial Intelligence
While artificial intelligence (AI) has become widespread, many commercial AI
systems are not yet accessible to individual researchers nor the general public
due to the deep knowledge of the systems required to use them. We believe that
AI has matured to the point where it should be an accessible technology for
everyone. We present an ongoing project whose ultimate goal is to deliver an
open source, user-friendly AI system that is specialized for machine learning
analysis of complex data in the biomedical and health care domains. We discuss
how genetic programming can aid in this endeavor, and highlight specific
examples where genetic programming has automated machine learning analyses in
previous projects.Comment: 14 pages, 5 figures, submitted to Genetic Programming Theory and
Practice 2017 worksho
Curriculum Guidelines for Undergraduate Programs in Data Science
The Park City Math Institute (PCMI) 2016 Summer Undergraduate Faculty Program
met for the purpose of composing guidelines for undergraduate programs in Data
Science. The group consisted of 25 undergraduate faculty from a variety of
institutions in the U.S., primarily from the disciplines of mathematics,
statistics and computer science. These guidelines are meant to provide some
structure for institutions planning for or revising a major in Data Science
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Skilful Coping with Unorder: Educating 21st Century Arts Leadership
This paper firstly addresses why innovative learning approaches are needed for 21st century leadership education in the arts and cultural sector, then moves on to a case study of how such approaches are being implemented in practice, in the Boosting Resilience project. The approaches taken here are characterised as involving a multi-disciplinary consortium of delivery partners; the use of constructivist pedagogy that draws on arts-based methods of delivery; a participatory and agile learning design process; and the incorporation of on-going evaluation activities, that are woven in to the process of design. The paper concludes with some discussion regarding the potential generalisability of approaches such as those employed on the Boosting Resilience project to arts and cultural leadership education more broadly
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