957,382 research outputs found

    Linking Job Design and Training in the Romanian Organizations

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    In this paper the author present an image of the human resources practices used in the Romanian companies. In this way, we conducted a study regarding human resources management practices in the Romanian companies, on 150 organizations from different fields. The main objective of the study was to obtain a relevant volume of real and trustworthy information regarding the degree of knowledge, the implementation and the future directions of human resources management development process in Romanian companies. The author presents a comparative analyze regarding the job design and training activities in the Romanian organizations. He involves in his study different types of organizations such: small and medium enterprises, large companies, public institutions and multinationals. The value of the information regarding the particularities of human resources management in Romania is extremely important, because we undertook a complex analysis of the main human resources management activities in 150 Romanian companies. Knowing the particularities of the human resource management in the Romanian organizations, specially the particularities of the job design and training, it will be more easier to find out more and better solutions to the problems that we are facing on in different organizations, in the context of the economic crisis and of the reform process of the Romanian public institutions.human resource management; job design; training programs; small and medium enterprises; public institutions.

    Architecture independent environment for developing engineering software on MIMD computers

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    Engineers are constantly faced with solving problems of increasing complexity and detail. Multiple Instruction stream Multiple Data stream (MIMD) computers have been developed to overcome the performance limitations of serial computers. The hardware architectures of MIMD computers vary considerably and are much more sophisticated than serial computers. Developing large scale software for a variety of MIMD computers is difficult and expensive. There is a need to provide tools that facilitate programming these machines. First, the issues that must be considered to develop those tools are examined. The two main areas of concern were architecture independence and data management. Architecture independent software facilitates software portability and improves the longevity and utility of the software product. It provides some form of insurance for the investment of time and effort that goes into developing the software. The management of data is a crucial aspect of solving large engineering problems. It must be considered in light of the new hardware organizations that are available. Second, the functional design and implementation of a software environment that facilitates developing architecture independent software for large engineering applications are described. The topics of discussion include: a description of the model that supports the development of architecture independent software; identifying and exploiting concurrency within the application program; data coherence; engineering data base and memory management

    Agile methods in small organization environment

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    Abstract. Agile methods are a rising star and a proven concept in software development processes. They have revolutionized the ways of project management and are becoming more common than older methods day by day. This thesis studied in which way small organizations are different to large organizations, what kind of social and environmental variables there are in small organizations and how well most used agile methods fit into small organization environment. This thesis was conducted as a literature review. In this thesis, it was concluded that agile methods are suitable for small organizations when compared with differences between small and large organizations environmental and social variables. Major differences between small and large organizations being that small organizations are working in constantly changing and turbulent environment, which requires flexibility and ability to adapt. Also, small organizations are suitable for agile methods due to their social aspects, mostly for their need for effective communication and flexibility. In the future, the subject of this thesis should be headed more towards large organizations, because fitting of agile methods into large organization environment has been studied less, mostly since agile methods are naturally suitable for small organizations. It is also important to head the research towards large organizations, because it has been concluded that it is indeed the large organizations that have had problems with implementation of agile methods

    New solutions for assessing insolvency risk in comercial organizations

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    In the context of continuous crises that have occurred in the last decade, effective solutions to reduce risks and introduce effective controls into the financial management process in commercial organizations are extremely important. In order to give a new impetus to sustainable economic growth, it is necessary to prioritize the implementation of large-scale reforms, the difficult fiscal situation in a large number of countries, the problems associated with a decrease in the solvency of commercial organizations in the real sector of the economy also require a comprehensive regulatory solution. The main purpose of this article is to offer solutions for controlling financial risks, in particular, for predicting the risk of insolvency, in the context of new ideas of financial management. Alternative methods for assessing the financial condition of commercial organizations, which also include the assessment of solvency, are based on more complex calculations, algorithms and the principle of joint application of a number of methods. From this point of view, a number of researchers in modern conditions prefer cluster analysis. A new approach to assessing and predicting insolvency risks, proposed as a scientific innovation, provides an opportunity to implement new progressive ideas of financial management in commercial organizations

    Charity Retailing in the UK: A Managerial Capabilities Perspective

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    Nonprofit organizations are venturing into commercial activities due to the intense competition for the limited government funds and declining availability of donor funds for third sector organizations that address social problems. Charity retailing, a popular choice of commercial activity for nonprofit organization, has filled vacant premises in the high streets of the small towns and suburbs of large cities in the UK. Successful charity retail operation requires distinctive capabilities necessary to manage organizations’ resources in commercial environment. Using sixty in-depth elite interviews, we introduce the concept of managerial capabilities for charity retailing. Research propositions and management implications are discussed

    Methods of Integrating Design and Cost Information to Achieve Enhanced Manufacturing Cost/Performance Trade-offs

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    In this paper we address problems which arise when large organizations attempt a tight integration of design and cost while developing complex products. Topics include the sources of cost and design data, the arrangement of the databases, and the interfaces required. We also discuss the management methods required to develop and implement Design/Cost Database Commonality

    Environmental Quality Laboratory Research Report, 1985-1987

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    The Environmental Quality Laboratory at Caltech is a center for research on large-scale systems problems of natural resources and environmental quality. The principal areas of investigation at EQL are: 1. Air quality management. 2. Water resources and water quality management. 3. Control of hazardous substances in the environment. 4. Energy policy, including regulation, conservation and energy-environment tradeoffs. 5. Resources policy (other than energy); residuals management. EQL research includes technical assessments, computer modeling, studies of environmental control options, policy analyses, and research on important components of the large-scale systems. Field work is also undertaken at EQL, some in collaboration with other organizations, to provide critical data needed for evaluation of systems concepts and models. EQL's objectives are as follows: 1. To do systematic studies of environmental and resources problems. The results of these studies, including the clarification of policy alternatives, are communicated to decision-makers in government and industry, to the research community, and to the public. As an organization, EQL refrains from advocating particular policies, but seeks to point out the implications of the various policy alternatives. 2. To contribute to the education and training of people in these areas through involvement of predoctoral students, postdoctoral fellows, and visiting faculty members in EQL activities. This educational effort is just as important as the results of the studies themselves, and should make lasting contributions to the nation's ability to solve its environmental and resources problems. The work at EQL goes beyond the usual academic research in that it tries to organize and develop the knowledge necessary to clarify society's alternatives by integrating relevant disciplines. EQL works on solving problems of specific localities when there is a strong element of public interest or educational value, or the concepts and results are applicable to other places. The research of EQL during this period was done under the supervision of faculty members in Environmental Engineering Science, Chemical Engineering, and Social Science. This research report covers the period from October 1985 through September 1987. The publications listed under the individual project descriptions are the new ones for the reporting period

    Communication processes in the Hellenic fire corps: a comparative perspective

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    My research explores critical issues involved in emergency management in a front-line, emergency service – the fire brigade – in Greece, Germany and Britain. It is designed to identify the problems in the communication conduct among fire-fighters during emergency responses, to examine the causes of these problems and to suggest ways to overcome them that should allow European countries to adopt more effective policies. It aims to make a contribution to the academic study of crisis management in organizations through an analysis of actual, real-time, responses to emergencies such as industrial fires, plane crashes, road traffic accidents and train collisions. Organizations such as fire services are seen as communication events and a platform where shared cognitive meanings and shared value commitments shape the actions of the interactive agents. In this vein, emergencies are the outworking of communicative disruption in organizations, in which fire services face a triple jeopardy: they have to manage other organizations’ crises (such crises include those arising in large chemical and oil factories), their own crises (for example, failing to communicate because of inadequate radio spectrum) and natural disasters (such as earthquakes and forest fires)
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