394 research outputs found

    Proton beam steering control system for high precision radiotherapy at iThemba LABS : an investigation on actuator saturation constraints

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    Includes abstract.Includes bibliographical references (leaves 101-106).This thesis aims at studying some of the techniques used to deal with constraints with special application to the Proton beam steering control at iThemba LABS. The steering of charged particles occurring in research plants is one of the interests of control systems. In this work an investigation of the algorithm for the control of the proton beam steering system in the radiotherapy treatment facility at iThemba LABS is conducted. This algorithm is intended to autonomously maintain the beam centered with reference to the axis of the beamline, and keep the beam front parallel to the central axis of the beamline as stated by van Tubbergh and De Kock, 2006. Furthermore, the algorithm is responsible for monitoring the distribution of the proton beam, in a plane normal to the beam travel direction

    A Survey on Security and Privacy of 5G Technologies: Potential Solutions, Recent Advancements, and Future Directions

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    Security has become the primary concern in many telecommunications industries today as risks can have high consequences. Especially, as the core and enable technologies will be associated with 5G network, the confidential information will move at all layers in future wireless systems. Several incidents revealed that the hazard encountered by an infected wireless network, not only affects the security and privacy concerns, but also impedes the complex dynamics of the communications ecosystem. Consequently, the complexity and strength of security attacks have increased in the recent past making the detection or prevention of sabotage a global challenge. From the security and privacy perspectives, this paper presents a comprehensive detail on the core and enabling technologies, which are used to build the 5G security model; network softwarization security, PHY (Physical) layer security and 5G privacy concerns, among others. Additionally, the paper includes discussion on security monitoring and management of 5G networks. This paper also evaluates the related security measures and standards of core 5G technologies by resorting to different standardization bodies and provide a brief overview of 5G standardization security forces. Furthermore, the key projects of international significance, in line with the security concerns of 5G and beyond are also presented. Finally, a future directions and open challenges section has included to encourage future research.European CommissionNational Research Tomsk Polytechnic UniversityUpdate citation details during checkdate report - A
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