Survey of Vertical Handoff Decision Criteria in LTE Cellular Networks

Vertical handover advantage brilliant importance because of the upgrades in mobility fashions by way of the Fourth era (4G) technology. A handover desire scheme in LTE networks both based totally on unmarried or multiple criteria. The wide variety of standards is right away depending on the overall handover time. In addition, the time required for deciding on a target network at some point of handover is also extended with the growth in a number of parameters. Conventional handover choice Strategies are specifically based at the unmarried parameter. But, with the advent of heterogeneous Wi-Fi networks, the overall performance of those unmarried parameter choice schemes is highly decreased. Consequently, researchers introduce multirequirements handover selection schemes. those enhancements are restricted to specific situations and for this reason do now not offer help for mounted mobility. Further, numerous schemes are proposed

Ubiquitous robust communications for emergency response using multi-operator heterogeneous networks

A number of disasters in various places of the planet have caused an extensive loss of lives, severe damages to properties and the environment, as well as a tremendous shock to the survivors. For relief and mitigation operations, emergency responders are immediately dispatched to the disaster areas. Ubiquitous and robust communications during the emergency response operations are of paramount importance. Nevertheless, various reports have highlighted that after many devastating events, the current technologies used, failed to support the mission critical communications, resulting in further loss of lives. Inefficiencies of the current communications used for emergency response include lack of technology inter-operability between different jurisdictions, and high vulnerability due to their centralized infrastructure. In this article, we propose a flexible network architecture that provides a common networking platform for heterogeneous multi-operator networks, for interoperation in case of emergencies. A wireless mesh network is the main part of the proposed architecture and this provides a back-up network in case of emergencies. We first describe the shortcomings and limitations of the current technologies, and then we address issues related to the applications and functionalities a future emergency response network should support. Furthermore, we describe the necessary requirements for a flexible, secure, robust, and QoS-aware emergency response multi-operator architecture, and then we suggest several schemes that can be adopted by our proposed architecture to meet those requirements. In addition, we suggest several methods for the re-tasking of communication means owned by independent individuals to provide support during emergencies. In order to investigate the feasibility of multimedia transmission over a wireless mesh network, we measured the performance of a video streaming application in a real wireless metropolitan multi-radio mesh network, showing that the mesh network can meet the requirements for high quality video transmissions

Multicast resource management for next generation mobile communication systems

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Safety on the roads: LTE alternatives for sending ITS messages

© © 2015 IEEE. Personal use of this material is permitted. Permission from IEEE must be obtained for all other uses, in any current or future media, including reprinting/republishing this material for advertising or promotional purposes, creating new collective works, for resale or redistribution to servers or lists, or reuse of any copyrighted component of this work in other works.This article discusses different alternatives for sending intelligent transportation systems (ITS) messages using long-term evolution (LTE) networks. Specifically, it compares the unicast and evolved Multimedia Broadcast Multicast Services (eMBMS) transmission modes by means of system-level simulations and a cost modeling analysis. The optimum configuration of the eMBMS carrier is studied for the case of ITS services. This article also includes some recommendations on the configuration of the ITS server in charge of distributing safety messages as well as on its interaction with the mobile network operator (MNO). The results show that eMBMS is significantly more efficient in terms of resource consumption than the unicast mode, implying an important reduction of the delivery costs.Calabuig Gaspar, J.; Monserrat Del Río, JF.; Gozálvez, D.; Klemp, O. (2014). Safety on the roads: LTE alternatives for sending ITS messages. IEEE Vehicular Technology Magazine. 9(4):61-70. doi:10.1109/MVT.2014.2362272S61709

A new framework for minimising handover in multicast mobility

Nowadays, mobile devices support a variety of multimedia applications such as live video, radio or online gaming. People spend their time on mobile devices for entertainment more and more via the internet. Due to the requirements of multimedia applications over wireless communication those applications require a huge bandwidth on the network to support them, which creates problems for the network provider. However, one pattern that is appropriate for the efficient delivery of multimedia messages is multicast delivery.Multicast services do, however, introduce challenges within the network when the recipients of the service are moving. Powerful multicast routing protocols are designed for static client IP addresses. Hence, when the mobile node changes the location, it introduces the problem of access network handover. Therefore, this is the aim of the research where a new framework will be developed for multicast mobility within WiFi network to reduce and provide smooth mobility when handover occurs. This research is focused on techniques to reduce handover latency, minimize packet loss and provide connection when a user moves between network zones.To achieve these aims, this designed framework lets mobile nodes send the message to register to foreign agents in advance for addressing IP address of the new zone and to establish the multicast tree earlier. Moreover, there are processes that keep the connection of the path alive.The framework is being simulated on OPNET Modeler for evaluating the performance in terms of handover latency time, the number of packet loss and so on. There are many scenarios that have been tested. According to the results, it shows that the new framework has reduced handover latency time around 60% on average and minimized packet delay approximately 0.7 - 150 ms on mobile node depending on network topology. This framework can provide IP address reconfiguration, binding update, joining multicast group and distribution path of multicast tree in advance. However, there are some overheads and cost that this framework has to pay for such as IP address database, increasing broadcast within networks and keeping connection path alive

QoS and QoE Aware N-Screen Multicast Service

The paper focuses on ensuring the quality-of-service (QoS) and quality-of-experience (QoE) requirements of users having heterogeneous devices in a multicast session. QoS parameters such as bit rate, delays, and packet losses are good indicators for optimizing network services but fall short in characterizing user perception (QoE). In N-Screen service, the users have different devices with heterogeneous attributes like screen size, resolution, and access network interface, and the users have different QoE on N-Screen devices with the same QoS parameters. We formulate the objective function of the N-Screen multicast grouping to ensure the minimum user’s QoE with smaller bandwidth requirement. We propose a dynamic user reassignment scheme to maintain and satisfy the QoE by adapting the user’s membership to the varying network conditions. The proposed schemes combine the available bandwidth and multimedia visual quality to ensure the QoS and QoE. In the network architecture, we introduce the functions of the QoS and QoE aware multicast group management and the estimation schemes for the QoS and QoE parameters. The simulation results show that the proposed multicast service ensures the network QoS and guarantees the QoE of users in the varying network conditions