Network-on-Chip

Addresses the Challenges Associated with System-on-Chip Integration Network-on-Chip: The Next Generation of System-on-Chip Integration examines the current issues restricting chip-on-chip communication efficiency, and explores Network-on-chip (NoC), a promising alternative that equips designers with the capability to produce a scalable, reusable, and high-performance communication backbone by allowing for the integration of a large number of cores on a single system-on-chip (SoC). This book provides a basic overview of topics associated with NoC-based design: communication infrastructure design, communication methodology, evaluation framework, and mapping of applications onto NoC. It details the design and evaluation of different proposed NoC structures, low-power techniques, signal integrity and reliability issues, application mapping, testing, and future trends. Utilizing examples of chips that have been implemented in industry and academia, this text presents the full architectural design of components verified through implementation in industrial CAD tools. It describes NoC research and developments, incorporates theoretical proofs strengthening the analysis procedures, and includes algorithms used in NoC design and synthesis. In addition, it considers other upcoming NoC issues, such as low-power NoC design, signal integrity issues, NoC testing, reconfiguration, synthesis, and 3-D NoC design. This text comprises 12 chapters and covers: The evolution of NoC from SoC—its research and developmental challenges NoC protocols, elaborating flow control, available network topologies, routing mechanisms, fault tolerance, quality-of-service support, and the design of network interfaces The router design strategies followed in NoCs The evaluation mechanism of NoC architectures The application mapping strategies followed in NoCs Low-power design techniques specifically followed in NoCs The signal integrity and reliability issues of NoC The details of NoC testing strategies reported so far The problem of synthesizing application-specific NoCs Reconfigurable NoC design issues Direction of future research and development in the field of NoC Network-on-Chip: The Next Generation of System-on-Chip Integration covers the basic topics, technology, and future trends relevant to NoC-based design, and can be used by engineers, students, and researchers and other industry professionals interested in computer architecture, embedded systems, and parallel/distributed systems

Evaluating Techniques for Wireless Interconnected 3D Processor Arrays

In this thesis the viability of a wireless interconnect network for a highly parallel computer is investigated. The main theme of this thesis is to project the performance of a wireless network used to connect the processors in a parallel machine of such design. This thesis is going to investigate new design opportunities a wireless interconnect network can offer for parallel computing. A simulation environment is designed and implemented to carry out the tests. The results have shown that if the available radio spectrum is shared effectively between building blocks of the parallel machine, there are substantial chances to achieve high processor utilisation. The results show that some factors play a major role in the performance of such a machine. The size of the machine, the size of the problem and the communication and computation capabilities of each element of the machine are among those factors. The results show these factors set a limit on the number of nodes engaged in some classes of tasks. They have shown promising potential for further expansion and evolution of our idea to new architectural opportunities, which is discussed by the end of this thesis. To build a real machine of this type the architects would need to solve a number of challenging problems including heat dissipation, delivering electric power and Chip/board design; however, these issues are not part of this thesis and will be tackled in future

Data fusion of relative movement in fast, repetitive-action sports using body wireless area networks

Rowing is an intensive, all-body sport, where bad technique can lead to injury. Crew cohesion, particularly timing, is vital to the performance of the boat. The coaching process, and injury prevention, could be enhanced if data relating to the movement of the oarsmen could be collected, without hindrance to the oarsmen, during on-water training. Literature until recently has concentrated upon boat-centric measurement. Advances in wireless technology have made feasible the collection of data from multiple physically separate sites, including on-body. After analysis of candidate radio standards, a Zigbee wireless Body Sensor Network (BSN) was designed and developed to synchronously collect data from several sensors across the wireless BSN. By synchronising sensor nodes via scheduled synchronising messages from the central coordinating node, synchronisation within 0.79msec ±0.39ms was achieved. Minimisation of the on-time of the sensor node radios currently extends the battery life by a factor of 5. Acceleration and muscle activity data collected using the wireless BSN was compared to data synchronously collected using proven motion analysis techniques to validate the system. Synchronous muscle activity data was collected via the wireless BSN from several muscles during both land-based and on-water rowing and the results compared. The system was proven to facilitate the identification of bad rowing technique, as well as differences in muscle recruitment between land- and water-based rowing. Data collection from a rowing crew was also demonstrated, and their muscle activity and inter-crew timing analysed. With an additional sensor node upon the boat, it is possible to correlate acceleration and muscle activity from the oarsman with acceleration of the boat itself. A novel, power-optimised wireless sensor network has been designed and demonstrated to facilitate on-water rowing monitoring that can be extended beyond single oarsman measurements to analyse the interaction and cohesion of a crew and their impact upon boat performance

Belle II Technical Design Report

The Belle detector at the KEKB electron-positron collider has collected almost 1 billion Y(4S) events in its decade of operation. Super-KEKB, an upgrade of KEKB is under construction, to increase the luminosity by two orders of magnitude during a three-year shutdown, with an ultimate goal of 8E35 /cm^2 /s luminosity. To exploit the increased luminosity, an upgrade of the Belle detector has been proposed. A new international collaboration Belle-II, is being formed. The Technical Design Report presents physics motivation, basic methods of the accelerator upgrade, as well as key improvements of the detector.Comment: Edited by: Z. Dole\v{z}al and S. Un

Technology 2004, Vol. 2

Proceedings from symposia of the Technology 2004 Conference, November 8-10, 1994, Washington, DC. Volume 2 features papers on computers and software, virtual reality simulation, environmental technology, video and imaging, medical technology and life sciences, robotics and artificial intelligence, and electronics

Modeling EMI Resulting from a Signal Via Transition Through Power/Ground Layers

Signal transitioning through layers on vias are very common in multi-layer printed circuit board (PCB) design. For a signal via transitioning through the internal power and ground planes, the return current must switch from one reference plane to another reference plane. The discontinuity of the return current at the via excites the power and ground planes, and results in noise on the power bus that can lead to signal integrity, as well as EMI problems. Numerical methods, such as the finite-difference time-domain (FDTD), Moment of Methods (MoM), and partial element equivalent circuit (PEEC) method, were employed herein to study this problem. The modeled results are supported by measurements. In addition, a common EMI mitigation approach of adding a decoupling capacitor was investigated with the FDTD method

Abstracts on Radio Direction Finding (1899 - 1995)

The files on this record represent the various databases that originally composed the CD-ROM issue of "Abstracts on Radio Direction Finding" database, which is now part of the Dudley Knox Library's Abstracts and Selected Full Text Documents on Radio Direction Finding (1899 - 1995) Collection. (See Calhoun record https://calhoun.nps.edu/handle/10945/57364 for further information on this collection and the bibliography). Due to issues of technological obsolescence preventing current and future audiences from accessing the bibliography, DKL exported and converted into the three files on this record the various databases contained in the CD-ROM. The contents of these files are: 1) RDFA_CompleteBibliography_xls.zip [RDFA_CompleteBibliography.xls: Metadata for the complete bibliography, in Excel 97-2003 Workbook format; RDFA_Glossary.xls: Glossary of terms, in Excel 97-2003 Workbookformat; RDFA_Biographies.xls: Biographies of leading figures, in Excel 97-2003 Workbook format]; 2) RDFA_CompleteBibliography_csv.zip [RDFA_CompleteBibliography.TXT: Metadata for the complete bibliography, in CSV format; RDFA_Glossary.TXT: Glossary of terms, in CSV format; RDFA_Biographies.TXT: Biographies of leading figures, in CSV format]; 3) RDFA_CompleteBibliography.pdf: A human readable display of the bibliographic data, as a means of double-checking any possible deviations due to conversion

Muon (g-2) Technical Design Report

The Muon (g-2) Experiment, E989 at Fermilab, will measure the muon anomalous magnetic moment a factor-of-four more precisely than was done in E821 at the Brookhaven National Laboratory AGS. The E821 result appears to be greater than the Standard-Model prediction by more than three standard deviations. When combined with expected improvement in the Standard-Model hadronic contributions, E989 should be able to determine definitively whether or not the E821 result is evidence for physics beyond the Standard Model. After a review of the physics motivation and the basic technique, which will use the muon storage ring built at BNL and now relocated to Fermilab, the design of the new experiment is presented. This document was created in partial fulfillment of the requirements necessary to obtain DOE CD-2/3 approval