1,113 research outputs found
Lossless Compression of Data Tables in Mobile Devices by Using Co-clustering
Data tables have been widely used for storage of a collection of related records in a structured format in many mobile applications. The lossless compression of data tables not only brings benefits for storage, but also reduces network transmission latencies and energy costs in batteries. In this paper, we propose a novel lossless compression approach by combining co-clustering and information coding theory. It reorders table columns and rows simultaneously for shaping homogeneous blocks and further optimizes alignment within a block to expose redundancy, such that standard lossless encoders can significantly improve compression ratios. We tested the approach on a synthetic dataset and ten UCI real-life datasets by using a standard compressor 7Z. The extensive experimental results suggest that compared with the direct table compression without co-clustering and within-block alignment, our approach can boost compression rates at least 21% and up to 68%. The results also show that the compression time cost of the co-clustering approach is linearly proportional to a data table size. In addition, since the inverse transform of co-clustering is just exchange of rows and columns according to recorded indexes, the decompression procedure runs very fast and the decompression time cost is similar to the counterpart without using co-clustering. Thereby, our approach is suitable for lossless compression of data tables in mobile devices with constrained resources
Prioritizing Content of Interest in Multimedia Data Compression
Image and video compression techniques make data transmission and storage in digital multimedia systems more efficient and feasible for the system's limited storage and bandwidth. Many generic image and video compression techniques such as JPEG and H.264/AVC have been standardized and are now widely adopted. Despite their great success, we observe that these standard compression techniques are not the best solution for data compression in special types of multimedia systems such as microscopy videos and low-power wireless broadcast systems. In these application-specific systems where the content of interest in the multimedia data is known and well-defined, we should re-think the design of a data compression pipeline. We hypothesize that by identifying and prioritizing multimedia data's content of interest, new compression methods can be invented that are far more effective than standard techniques. In this dissertation, a set of new data compression methods based on the idea of prioritizing the content of interest has been proposed for three different kinds of multimedia systems. I will show that the key to designing efficient compression techniques in these three cases is to prioritize the content of interest in the data. The definition of the content of interest of multimedia data depends on the application. First, I show that for microscopy videos, the content of interest is defined as the spatial regions in the video frame with pixels that don't only contain noise. Keeping data in those regions with high quality and throwing out other information yields to a novel microscopy video compression technique. Second, I show that for a Bluetooth low energy beacon based system, practical multimedia data storage and transmission is possible by prioritizing content of interest. I designed custom image compression techniques that preserve edges in a binary image, or foreground regions of a color image of indoor or outdoor objects. Last, I present a new indoor Bluetooth low energy beacon based augmented reality system that integrates a 3D moving object compression method that prioritizes the content of interest.Doctor of Philosoph
Variable-resolution Compression of Vector Data
The compression of spatial data is a promising solution to reduce the space of data storage and to decrease the transmission time of spatial data over the Internet. This
paper proposes a new method for variable-resolution compression of vector data. Three key steps are encompassed in the proposed method, namely, the simplification of vector data via the elimination of vertices, the compression of removed vertices, and the decoding of the compressed vector data. The proposed compression method was implemented and applied to compress vector data to investigate its performance in terms of the compression ratio, distortions of geometric shapes. The results show that the proposed method provides a feasible and efficient solution for the compression of vector data, is able to achieve good compression ratios and maintains the main shape characteristics of the spatial objects within the compressed vector data
An Image-Space Split-Rendering Approach to Accelerate Low-Powered Virtual Reality
Virtual Reality systems provide many opportunities for scientific research
and consumer enjoyment; however, they are more demanding than traditional
desktop applications and require a wired connection to desktops in order to
enjoy maximum quality. Standalone options that are not connected to computers
exist, yet they are powered by mobile GPUs, which provide limited power in
comparison to desktop rendering. Alternative approaches to improve performance
on mobile devices use server rendering to render frames for a client and treat
the client largely as a display device. However, current streaming solutions
largely suffer from high end-to-end latency due to processing and networking
requirements, as well as underutilization of the client. We propose a networked
split-rendering approach to achieve faster end-to-end image presentation rates
on the mobile device while preserving image quality. Our proposed solution uses
an image-space division of labour between the server-side GPU and the mobile
client, and achieves a significantly faster runtime than client-only rendering
and than using a thin-client approach, which is mostly reliant on the server
Intelligent Embedded Vision for Summarization of Multi-View Videos in IIoT
Nowadays, video sensors are used on a large scale for various applications including security monitoring and smart transportation. However, the limited communication bandwidth and storage constraints make it challenging to process such heterogeneous nature of Big Data in real time. Multi-view video summarization (MVS) enables us to suppress redundant data in distributed video sensors settings. The existing MVS approaches process video data in offline manner by transmitting it to the local or cloud server for analysis, which requires extra streaming to conduct summarization, huge bandwidth, and are not applicable for integration with industrial internet of things (IIoT). This paper presents a light-weight CNN and IIoT based computationally intelligent (CI) MVS framework. Our method uses an IIoT network containing smart devices, Raspberry Pi (clients and master) with embedded cameras to capture multi-view video (MVV) data. Each client Raspberry Pi (RPi) detects target in frames via light-weight CNN model, analyzes these targets for traffic and crowd density, and searches for suspicious objects to generate alert in the IIoT network. The frames of each client RPi are encoded and transmitted with approximately 17.02% smaller size of each frame to master RPi for final MVS. Empirical analysis shows that our proposed framework can be used in industrial environments for various applications such as security and smart transportation and can be proved beneficial for saving resources
Performance Comparison of Dual Connectivity and Hard Handover for LTE-5G Tight Integration in mmWave Cellular Networks
MmWave communications are expected to play a major role in the Fifth
generation of mobile networks. They offer a potential multi-gigabit throughput
and an ultra-low radio latency, but at the same time suffer from high isotropic
pathloss, and a coverage area much smaller than the one of LTE macrocells. In
order to address these issues, highly directional beamforming and a very
high-density deployment of mmWave base stations were proposed. This Thesis aims
to improve the reliability and performance of the 5G network by studying its
tight and seamless integration with the current LTE cellular network. In
particular, the LTE base stations can provide a coverage layer for 5G mobile
terminals, because they operate on microWave frequencies, which are less
sensitive to blockage and have a lower pathloss. This document is a copy of the
Master's Thesis carried out by Mr. Michele Polese under the supervision of Dr.
Marco Mezzavilla and Prof. Michele Zorzi. It will propose an LTE-5G tight
integration architecture, based on mobile terminals' dual connectivity to LTE
and 5G radio access networks, and will evaluate which are the new network
procedures that will be needed to support it. Moreover, this new architecture
will be implemented in the ns-3 simulator, and a thorough simulation campaign
will be conducted in order to evaluate its performance, with respect to the
baseline of handover between LTE and 5G.Comment: Master's Thesis carried out by Mr. Michele Polese under the
supervision of Dr. Marco Mezzavilla and Prof. Michele Zorz
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