22,579 research outputs found
Enhancing co-design reliability by inter-organizational learning and loose coupling concepts
http://www.ice-proceedings.org/The aim of this article is to enable actors of different organizations to self-adapt, to self-organize and, in fine, to make functional and structural improvements together. We examine formal cooperative processes and informal cooperative practices which are expressions of tight and loose couplings within a complex socio-technical system. We use a systemic approach to understand close relations between loose couplings and their potential outcomes (in terms of organizational learning, cooperative effect and consequences). We propose a co-design reliability model which enables us to better understand intra- and inter-organizational learning during cooperative actions. Our findings confirm that loose couplings are crucial in complex organizations. Loose couplings enhance the reliability of co- design operations by enabling informal cooperative practices which often underlie the success of formal cooperative processes. Our future work will be to test the impact of enhancements to co-design operations through the application of newly developed material and process artefacts informed by the holistic understanding of cooperative actions
Enhancing inter-organizational resilience by loose coupling concept and complexity paradigm
http://www.resilience-engineering.org/proceedingsRE3_4.htmInternational audienceDuring a co-design project, we modeled formal and informal cooperation which are expressions of tight and loose couplings. Our findings confirm that loose couplings are crucial since they enable selforganization and emerging processes which often underlie success of codesign. We offer new insight into management and organization theories by presenting an inter-organizational resilience model which explains how non-deterministic couplings can enhance inter-organizational resilience
The Problem of Observing Sociotechnical Entities in Social Science and Humanities Energy Transition Research
The notion of âsociotechnicalâ is an important concept for interdisciplinary research on the transformation of the energy supply. Different branches of research agree that the provision, transmission, and distribution of energy are not simply a matter of physics. The transformation of the energy infrastructure is significantly a societal project, carried by technical innovation and social change. However, in social science and humanities research the interrelation between technical and social processes is often not explicitly explored, even though the interrelationship is the decisive descriptor that distinguishes sociotechnical entities from their environment. This article examines the merits of enriching the concept of sociotechnical by adding the distinction between tight and loose couplings in technical operations and human activities. While tight couplings are necessary to sustain control, they hamper change, and while loose couplings are necessary to adapt and to uphold choice, they increase complexity. Additionally, the article concludes that the introduction of âsmartâ technologiesâan essential vision of the energy transformationâchanges the composition of tight and loose couplings. Technical ideas such as machine learning and artificial intelligence go beyond mere automation. We might as well face a new sociotechnical reality. The introduction of intelligence in systems makes more loose couplings necessary. Paradoxically, this allows for new functionality and services by establishing complex operations while at the same time diminishing control by social systems
A General Analysis of Wtb anomalous Couplings
We investigate new physics effects on the Wtb effective couplings in a
model-independent manner. The new physics effects are summarized as four
independent couplings , , and . Using
single-top-quark productions and W-helicity fraction measurements at the LHC
and Tevatron, we perform a global fit to impose constraints on top quark
effective couplings. We introduce a set of parameters , , and
to study the correlations among Wtb effective couplings. We show that (i)
improving the measurements of and is important in
constraining the correlation of and ; (ii)
and are anti-correlated, which is sensitive to all the
experiments; (iii) and are also anti-correlated, which is
sensitive to the W-helicity measurements; (iv) the correlation between
and is sensitive to the precision of , and
measurements. The effective Wtb couplings are studied in three kinds of
new physics models: models, vector-like
quark models and Littlest Higgs model with and without T-parity. The Wtb
couplings in the left-right model and the un-unified model are sensitive to the
ratio of gauge couplings when the new heavy gauge boson's mass () is
less than several hundred GeV, but the constraint is loose if TeV.
The Wtb couplings in vector-like quark models and the Littlest Higgs models are
sensitive to the mixing angles of new heavy particles and SM particles. We also
include the constraints of the oblique T-parameter and Zbb couplings which
impose much tighter constraints on the mixing angles. We show that the Wtb
coupling constraints become relevant if the precision of single top production
cross section measurements could be reduced to 1\% relative to the SM
predictions in future.Comment: Chin. Phys. C in pres
Approximation of a general singular vertex coupling in quantum graphs
The longstanding open problem of approximating all singular vertex couplings
in a quantum graph is solved. We present a construction in which the edges are
decoupled; an each pair of their endpoints is joined by an edge carrying a
potential and a vector potential coupled to the "loose" edges by a
coupling. It is shown that if the lengths of the connecting edges
shrink to zero and the potentials are properly scaled, the limit can yield any
prescribed singular vertex coupling, and moreover, that such an approximation
converges in the norm-resolvent sense.Comment: LaTeX Elsevier format, 36 pages, 1 PDF figur
Golden Probe of Electroweak Symmetry Breaking
The ratio of the Higgs couplings to and pairs, , is a
fundamental parameter in electroweak symmetry breaking as well as a measure of
the (approximate) custodial symmetry possessed by the gauge boson mass matrix.
We show that Higgs decays to four leptons are sensitive, via tree level/1-loop
interference effects, to both the magnitude and, in particular, overall sign of
. Determining this sign requires interference effects, as it is
nearly impossible to measure with rate information. Furthermore, simply
determining the sign effectively establishes the custodial representation of
the Higgs boson. We find that ()
decays have excellent prospects of directly establishing the overall sign at a
high luminosity 13 TeV LHC. We also examine the ultimate LHC sensitivity in
to the magnitude of . Our results are independent of
other measurements of the Higgs boson couplings and, in particular, largely
free of assumptions about the top quark Yukawa couplings which also enter at
1-loop. This makes a unique and independent probe of the
electroweak symmetry breaking mechanism and custodial symmetry.Comment: 8 page
Zgamma Production in pbarp Collisions at sqrt(s)=1.8 TeV and Limits on Anomalous ZZgamma and Zgammagamma Couplings
We present a study of Z +gamma + X production in p-bar p collisions at
sqrt{S}=1.8 TeV from 97 (87) pb^{-1} of data collected in the eegamma
(mumugamma) decay channel with the D0 detector at Fermilab. The event yield and
kinematic characteristics are consistent with the Standard Model predictions.
We obtain limits on anomalous ZZgamma and Zgammagamma couplings for form factor
scales Lambda = 500 GeV and Lambda = 750 GeV. Combining this analysis with our
previous results yields 95% CL limits |h{Z}_{30}| < 0.36, |h{Z}_{40}| < 0.05,
|h{gamma}_{30}| < 0.37, and |h{gamma}_{40}| < 0.05 for a form factor scale
Lambda=750 GeV.Comment: 17 Pages including 2 Figures. Submitted to PR
Gradient formula for the beta-function of 2d quantum field theory
We give a non-perturbative proof of a gradient formula for beta functions of
two-dimensional quantum field theories. The gradient formula has the form
\partial_{i}c = - (g_{ij}+\Delta g_{ij} +b_{ij})\beta^{j} where \beta^{j} are
the beta functions, c and g_{ij} are the Zamolodchikov c-function and metric,
b_{ij} is an antisymmetric tensor introduced by H. Osborn and \Delta g_{ij} is
a certain metric correction. The formula is derived under the assumption of
stress-energy conservation and certain conditions on the infrared behaviour the
most significant of which is the condition that the large distance limit of the
field theory does not exhibit spontaneously broken global conformal symmetry.
Being specialized to non-linear sigma models this formula implies a one-to-one
correspondence between renormalization group fixed points and critical points
of c.Comment: LaTex file, 31 pages, no figures; v.2 referencing corrected in the
introductio
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