171 research outputs found
Robust Location-Aided Beam Alignment in Millimeter Wave Massive MIMO
Location-aided beam alignment has been proposed recently as a potential
approach for fast link establishment in millimeter wave (mmWave) massive MIMO
(mMIMO) communications. However, due to mobility and other imperfections in the
estimation process, the spatial information obtained at the base station (BS)
and the user (UE) is likely to be noisy, degrading beam alignment performance.
In this paper, we introduce a robust beam alignment framework in order to
exhibit resilience with respect to this problem. We first recast beam alignment
as a decentralized coordination problem where BS and UE seek coordination on
the basis of correlated yet individual position information. We formulate the
optimum beam alignment solution as the solution of a Bayesian team decision
problem. We then propose a suite of algorithms to approach optimality with
reduced complexity. The effectiveness of the robust beam alignment procedure,
compared with classical designs, is then verified on simulation settings with
varying location information accuracies.Comment: 24 pages, 7 figures. The short version of this paper has been
accepted to IEEE Globecom 201
Analysis of wideband phased array beamforming at millimeter wave frequencies
Abstract. Industries are undergoing an information and communication technology-driven transformation as the world becomes increasingly digitally and globally linked. 5G technology provides a common basis for providing the multiple vertical sectors with a more cost-effective, open, and wide ecosystem solutions. Due to the generally large attainable bandwidths, high frequency technologies have emerged as a promising solution for future wireless communications and attracted great interest in the literature. The millimeter wave (mmWave), i.e., the frequency range 30–300 GHz, would enable the exploitation of tens of gigahertz transmission bands, resulting in a massive channel capacities of even over one Tbps. However, one of the most challenging issues in high-frequency communication connections is the significant channel losses that require highly directional antennas and, in most cases, line-of-sight link between the transmitter and receiver. In this thesis, we study the beamforming design for wideband systems with different bandwidths. The simulation results show that with a larger bandwidth, the power loss increases with the beamforming angle. The loss of power behavior due to beam squinting effect is quite similar over different distances
Error Bounds for Uplink and Downlink 3D Localization in 5G mmWave Systems
Location-aware communication systems are expected to play a pivotal part in
the next generation of mobile communication networks. Therefore, there is a
need to understand the localization limits in these networks, particularly,
using millimeter-wave technology (mmWave). Towards that, we address the uplink
and downlink localization limits in terms of 3D position and orientation error
bounds for mmWave multipath channels. We also carry out a detailed analysis of
the dependence of the bounds of different systems parameters. Our key findings
indicate that the uplink and downlink behave differently in two distinct ways.
First of all, the error bounds have different scaling factors with respect to
the number of antennas in the uplink and downlink. Secondly, uplink
localization is sensitive to the orientation angle of the user equipment (UE),
whereas downlink is not. Moreover, in the considered outdoor scenarios, the
non-line-of-sight paths generally improve localization when a line-of-sight
path exists. Finally, our numerical results show that mmWave systems are
capable of localizing a UE with sub-meter position error, and sub-degree
orientation error.Comment: This manuscripts is updated following two rounds of reviews at IEEE
Transactions on Wireless Communications. More discussion is included in
different parts of the paper. Results are unchanged, and are still vali
Position and Orientation Estimation through Millimeter Wave MIMO in 5G Systems
Millimeter wave signals and large antenna arrays are considered enabling
technologies for future 5G networks. While their benefits for achieving
high-data rate communications are well-known, their potential advantages for
accurate positioning are largely undiscovered. We derive the Cram\'{e}r-Rao
bound (CRB) on position and rotation angle estimation uncertainty from
millimeter wave signals from a single transmitter, in the presence of
scatterers. We also present a novel two-stage algorithm for position and
rotation angle estimation that attains the CRB for average to high
signal-to-noise ratio. The algorithm is based on multiple measurement vectors
matching pursuit for coarse estimation, followed by a refinement stage based on
the space-alternating generalized expectation maximization algorithm. We find
that accurate position and rotation angle estimation is possible using signals
from a single transmitter, in either line-of- sight, non-line-of-sight, or
obstructed-line-of-sight conditions.Comment: The manuscript has been revised, and increased from 27 to 31 pages.
Also, Fig.2, Fig. 10 and Table I are adde
Camera Based mmWave Beam Prediction: Towards Multi-Candidate Real-World Scenarios
Leveraging sensory information to aid the millimeter-wave (mmWave) and
sub-terahertz (sub-THz) beam selection process is attracting increasing
interest. This sensory data, captured for example by cameras at the
basestations, has the potential of significantly reducing the beam sweeping
overhead and enabling highly-mobile applications. The solutions developed so
far, however, have mainly considered single-candidate scenarios, i.e.,
scenarios with a single candidate user in the visual scene, and were evaluated
using synthetic datasets. To address these limitations, this paper extensively
investigates the sensing-aided beam prediction problem in a real-world
multi-object vehicle-to-infrastructure (V2I) scenario and presents a
comprehensive machine learning-based framework. In particular, this paper
proposes to utilize visual and positional data to predict the optimal beam
indices as an alternative to the conventional beam sweeping approaches. For
this, a novel user (transmitter) identification solution has been developed, a
key step in realizing sensing-aided multi-candidate and multi-user beam
prediction solutions. The proposed solutions are evaluated on the large-scale
real-world DeepSense G dataset. Experimental results in realistic V2I
communication scenarios indicate that the proposed solutions achieve close to
top-5 beam prediction accuracy for the scenarios with single-user and
close to top-5 beam prediction accuracy for multi-candidate scenarios.
Furthermore, the proposed approach can identify the probable transmitting
candidate with more than accuracy across the different scenarios. This
highlights a promising approach for nearly eliminating the beam training
overhead in mmWave/THz communication systems.Comment: Dataset and code files are available on the DeepSense 6G website
https://deepsense6g.net
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