2,286 research outputs found
Green Cellular Networks: A Survey, Some Research Issues and Challenges
Energy efficiency in cellular networks is a growing concern for cellular
operators to not only maintain profitability, but also to reduce the overall
environment effects. This emerging trend of achieving energy efficiency in
cellular networks is motivating the standardization authorities and network
operators to continuously explore future technologies in order to bring
improvements in the entire network infrastructure. In this article, we present
a brief survey of methods to improve the power efficiency of cellular networks,
explore some research issues and challenges and suggest some techniques to
enable an energy efficient or "green" cellular network. Since base stations
consume a maximum portion of the total energy used in a cellular system, we
will first provide a comprehensive survey on techniques to obtain energy
savings in base stations. Next, we discuss how heterogeneous network deployment
based on micro, pico and femto-cells can be used to achieve this goal. Since
cognitive radio and cooperative relaying are undisputed future technologies in
this regard, we propose a research vision to make these technologies more
energy efficient. Lastly, we explore some broader perspectives in realizing a
"green" cellular network technologyComment: 16 pages, 5 figures, 2 table
Cross-layer Balanced and Reliable Opportunistic Routing Algorithm for Mobile Ad Hoc Networks
For improving the efficiency and the reliability of the opportunistic routing
algorithm, in this paper, we propose the cross-layer and reliable opportunistic
routing algorithm (CBRT) for Mobile Ad Hoc Networks, which introduces the
improved efficiency fuzzy logic and humoral regulation inspired topology
control into the opportunistic routing algorithm. In CBRT, the inputs of the
fuzzy logic system are the relative variance (rv) of the metrics rather than
the values of the metrics, which reduces the number of fuzzy rules
dramatically. Moreover, the number of fuzzy rules does not increase when the
number of inputs increases. For reducing the control cost, in CBRT, the node
degree in the candidate relays set is a range rather than a constant number.
The nodes are divided into different categories based on their node degree in
the candidate relays set. The nodes adjust their transmission range based on
which categories that they belong to. Additionally, for investigating the
effection of the node mobility on routing performance, we propose a link
lifetime prediction algorithm which takes both the moving speed and moving
direction into account. In CBRT, the source node determines the relaying
priorities of the relaying nodes based on their utilities. The relaying node
which the utility is large will have high priority to relay the data packet. By
these innovations, the network performance in CBRT is much better than that in
ExOR, however, the computation complexity is not increased in CBRT.Comment: 14 pages, 17 figures, 31 formulas, IEEE Sensors Journal, 201
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