273 research outputs found
Multitask learning without label correspondences
We propose an algorithm to perform multitask learning where each task has potentially distinct label sets and label correspondences are not readily available. This is in contrast with existing methods which either assume that the label sets shared by different tasks are the same or that there exists a label mapping oracle. Our method directly maximizes the mutual information among the labels, and we show that the resulting objective function can be efficiently optimized using existing algorithms. Our proposed approach has a direct application for data integration with different label spaces for the purpose of classification, such as integrating Yahoo! and DMOZ web directories
Approximate least trimmed sum of squares fitting and applications in image analysis
The least trimmed sum of squares (LTS) regression estimation criterion is a robust statistical method for model fitting in the presence of outliers. Compared with the classical least squares estimator, which uses the entire data set for regression and is consequently sensitive to outliers, LTS identifies the outliers and fits to the remaining data points for improved accuracy. Exactly solving an LTS problem is NP-hard, but as we show here, LTS can be formulated as a concave minimization problem. Since it is usually tractable to globally solve a convex minimization or concave maximization problem in polynomial time, inspired by [1], we instead solve LTS’ approximate complementary problem, which is convex minimization. We show that this complementary problem can be efficiently solved as a second order cone program. We thus propose an iterative procedure to approximately solve the original LTS problem. Our extensive experiments demonstrate that the proposed method is robust, efficient and scalable in dealing with problems where data are contaminated with outliers. We show several applications of our method in image analysis.Fumin Shen, Chunhua Shen, Anton van den Hengel and Zhenmin Tan
Homomorphic Sensing of Subspace Arrangements
Homomorphic sensing is a recent algebraic-geometric framework that studies
the unique recovery of points in a linear subspace from their images under a
given collection of linear maps. It has been successful in interpreting such a
recovery in the case of permutations composed by coordinate projections, an
important instance in applications known as unlabeled sensing, which models
data that are out of order and have missing values. In this paper, we provide
tighter and simpler conditions that guarantee the unique recovery for the
single-subspace case, extend the result to the case of a subspace arrangement,
and show that the unique recovery in a single subspace is locally stable under
noise. We specialize our results to several examples of homomorphic sensing
such as real phase retrieval and unlabeled sensing. In so doing, in a unified
way, we obtain conditions that guarantee the unique recovery for those
examples, typically known via diverse techniques in the literature, as well as
novel conditions for sparse and unsigned versions of unlabeled sensing.
Similarly, our noise result also implies that the unique recovery in unlabeled
sensing is locally stable.Comment: 18 page
Occlusion-Aware Object Localization, Segmentation and Pose Estimation
We present a learning approach for localization and segmentation of objects
in an image in a manner that is robust to partial occlusion. Our algorithm
produces a bounding box around the full extent of the object and labels pixels
in the interior that belong to the object. Like existing segmentation aware
detection approaches, we learn an appearance model of the object and consider
regions that do not fit this model as potential occlusions. However, in
addition to the established use of pairwise potentials for encouraging local
consistency, we use higher order potentials which capture information at the
level of im- age segments. We also propose an efficient loss function that
targets both localization and segmentation performance. Our algorithm achieves
13.52% segmentation error and 0.81 area under the false-positive per image vs.
recall curve on average over the challenging CMU Kitchen Occlusion Dataset.
This is a 42.44% decrease in segmentation error and a 16.13% increase in
localization performance compared to the state-of-the-art. Finally, we show
that the visibility labelling produced by our algorithm can make full 3D pose
estimation from a single image robust to occlusion.Comment: British Machine Vision Conference 2015 (poster
Computational Methods for Computer Vision : Minimal Solvers and Convex Relaxations
Robust fitting of geometric models is a core problem in computer vision. The most common approach is to use a hypothesize-and-test framework, such as RANSAC. In these frameworks the model is estimated from as few measurements as possible, which minimizes the risk of selecting corrupted measurements. These estimation problems are called minimal problems, and they can often be formulated as systems of polynomial equations. In this thesis we present new methods for building so-called minimal solvers or polynomial solvers, which are specialized code for solving such systems. On several minimal problems we improve on the state-of-the-art both with respect to numerical stability and execution time.In many computer vision problems low rank matrices naturally occur. The rank can serve as a measure of model complexity and typically a low rank is desired. Optimization problems containing rank penalties or constraints are in general difficult. Recently convex relaxations, such as the nuclear norm, have been used to make these problems tractable. In this thesis we present new convex relaxations for rank-based optimization which avoid drawbacks of previous approaches and provide tighter relaxations. We evaluate our methods on a number of real and synthetic datasets and show state-of-the-art results
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