Sequential Selection of Correlated Ads by POMDPs

Online advertising has become a key source of revenue for both web search engines and online publishers. For them, the ability of allocating right ads to right webpages is critical because any mismatched ads would not only harm web users' satisfactions but also lower the ad income. In this paper, we study how online publishers could optimally select ads to maximize their ad incomes over time. The conventional offline, content-based matching between webpages and ads is a fine start but cannot solve the problem completely because good matching does not necessarily lead to good payoff. Moreover, with the limited display impressions, we need to balance the need of selecting ads to learn true ad payoffs (exploration) with that of allocating ads to generate high immediate payoffs based on the current belief (exploitation). In this paper, we address the problem by employing Partially observable Markov decision processes (POMDPs) and discuss how to utilize the correlation of ads to improve the efficiency of the exploration and increase ad incomes in a long run. Our mathematical derivation shows that the belief states of correlated ads can be naturally updated using a formula similar to collaborative filtering. To test our model, a real world ad dataset from a major search engine is collected and categorized. Experimenting over the data, we provide an analyse of the effect of the underlying parameters, and demonstrate that our algorithms significantly outperform other strong baselines

Matching Contextual Ads and Web Page Contents through Computational Advertising: Getting the Best Match

The technological transformation and automation of digital content delivery has revolutionized the media industry. What is more, the Internet is rapidly turning into an advertising channel. Just in the United States, Internet advertising revenues hit $7.3 billion for the first quarter of 2011, representing a 23 percent increase over the same period in 2010 (iab.net, 2011). Beneficiaries of this investment and growth are search engines such as Google, Yahoo, and MSN. Also, Malaysian advertising landscape is gradually shifting its traditional media forms to the emergent of Internet advertising but still at a budding stage. The latter shows much room for growth, as the industry fuels to content digitization on Web applications. In this project, the types of Internet advertising that is going to be discussed on are Contextual Ads and Sponsored Search Ads, but the major scope will be on Contextual Advertising. Given that, these types of advertising have the central challenge of finding the “best match” between a given context and a suitable advertisement, through principled way of computational methods. Hence, it is also referred as Computational advertising. Furthermore, there are four main players that exists in the Internet advertising ecosystem that are going to be discussed in this study, which are; Users, Advertisers, Ad Exchange and Publishers. Hence in order to find ways to counter the centre challenge, this research study will mainly address two objectives, which are to successfully make the best Contextual Ads selections that match to the Web Page contents through the concept of Computational advertising, and to ensure that there is a valuable connection between the Web pages and the Contextual Ads. Thus, the scope of the study will be mainly on discussing about the theory of Computational advertising itself, besides elaborating on Contextual Ads, matching Contextual Ads and Web pages and also, finding the most feasible way in creating the valuable connection between Contextual Ads and the Web pages. Moreover, at the end of every discussion in every subtopic, some insights on the Internet advertising in Malaysian context are discussed as per related issue. v Consequently, this study employed two main methods to address the research questions rose. Those methods include extensive research and analysis on previous literature works and journals, and also in depth surveys to collect related data and information in real-life situations. Every part of gathered data and findings will then be analyzed accordingly. All discussions, conclusion and future recommendations are presented as per sections. Hence in order to prove the working mechanism of matching Contextual Ads and Web pages by using Computational advertising approach, Web pages together with the ads matching system, will then be developed through FYP-II timeline, as the final product of the study

CHORUS Deliverable 2.2: Second report - identification of multi-disciplinary key issues for gap analysis toward EU multimedia search engines roadmap

After addressing the state-of-the-art during the first year of Chorus and establishing the existing landscape in multimedia search engines, we have identified and analyzed gaps within European research effort during our second year. In this period we focused on three directions, notably technological issues, user-centred issues and use-cases and socio- economic and legal aspects. These were assessed by two central studies: firstly, a concerted vision of functional breakdown of generic multimedia search engine, and secondly, a representative use-cases descriptions with the related discussion on requirement for technological challenges. Both studies have been carried out in cooperation and consultation with the community at large through EC concertation meetings (multimedia search engines cluster), several meetings with our Think-Tank, presentations in international conferences, and surveys addressed to EU projects coordinators as well as National initiatives coordinators. Based on the obtained feedback we identified two types of gaps, namely core technological gaps that involve research challenges, and “enablers”, which are not necessarily technical research challenges, but have impact on innovation progress. New socio-economic trends are presented as well as emerging legal challenges

Exploring figurative language recognition: a comprehensive study of human and machine approaches

Treballs Finals de Grau de Llengües i Literatures Modernes. Facultat de Filologia. Universitat de Barcelona. Curs: 2022-2023. Tutora: Elisabet Comelles Pujadas[eng] Figurative language (FL) plays a significant role in human communication. Understanding and interpreting FL is essential for humans to fully grasp the intended message, appreciate cultural nuances, and engage in effective interaction. For machines, comprehending FL presents a challenge due to its complexity and ambiguity. Enabling machines to understand FL has become increasingly important in sentiment analysis, text classification, and social media monitoring, for instance, benefits from accurately recognizing figurative expressions to capture subtle emotions and extract meaningful insights. Machine translation also requires the ability to accurately convey FL to ensure translations reflect the intended meaning and cultural nuances. Therefore, developing computational methods to enable machines to understand and interpret FL is crucial. By bridging the gap between human and machine understanding of FL, we can enhance communication, improve language-based applications, and unlock new possibilities in human-machine interactions. Keywords: figurative language, NLP, human-machine communication.[cat] El Llenguatge Figuratiu (LF) té un paper important en la comunicació humana. Per entendre completament els missatges, apreciar els matisos culturals i la interacció efectiva, és necessària la capacitat d'interpretar el LF. No obstant això, els ordinadors tenen dificultats per entendre la LF a causa de la seva complexitat i ambigüitat. És crític que els ordinadors siguin capaços de reconèixer el LF, especialment en àrees com l'anàlisi de sentiments, la classificació de textos i la supervisió de les xarxes socials. El reconeixement precís del LF permet capturar emocions i extreure idees semàntiques. La traducció automàtica també requereix una representació precisa del LF per reflectir el significat previst i els matisos culturals. Per tant, és rellevant desenvolupar mètodes computacionals que ajudin els ordinadors a comprendre i interpretar el LF. Fer un pont entre la comprensió humana i màquina del LF pot millorar la comunicació, desenvolupar aplicacions de llenguatge i obrir noves possibilitats per a la interacció home-màquina. Paraules clau: llenguatge figuratiu, processament del llenguatge natural, interacció home-màquina

Trustworthiness in Social Big Data Incorporating Semantic Analysis, Machine Learning and Distributed Data Processing

This thesis presents several state-of-the-art approaches constructed for the purpose of (i) studying the trustworthiness of users in Online Social Network platforms, (ii) deriving concealed knowledge from their textual content, and (iii) classifying and predicting the domain knowledge of users and their content. The developed approaches are refined through proof-of-concept experiments, several benchmark comparisons, and appropriate and rigorous evaluation metrics to verify and validate their effectiveness and efficiency, and hence, those of the applied frameworks