701 research outputs found

    A cognitive view of relevant implication

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    Relevant logics provide an alternative to classical implication that is capable of accounting for the relationship between the antecedent and the consequence of a valid implication. Relevant implication is usually explained in terms of information required to assess a proposition. By doing so, relevant implication introduces a number of cognitively relevant aspects in the denition of logical operators. In this paper, we aim to take a closer look at the cognitive feature of relevant implication. For this purpose, we develop a cognitively-oriented interpretation of the semantics of relevant logics. In particular, we provide an interpretation of Routley-Meyer semantics in terms of conceptual spaces and we show that it meets the constraints of the algebraic semantics of relevant logic

    Do Parents and Social Environment Influence Stundent Understanding of Retirement Planning? a Study on Islamic Economic and Bussines Student in Bogor

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    Financial planning for retirement is a desire to achieve satisfaction with life in retirement. Good financial condition is a main component to having a quality life during retirement. The study aimed to find the factors influences on understanding of financial planning for retirement. Methodology that used in this study is a quantitative approach. The sample in this study as many as 350 respondents from students Islamic of economics in Bogor. Technique analysis that used in this study is Path analysis. The result in this study The results of this study indicate that in sub-structural I the variables parental influence on saving, social influence, and goal clarity have a significant influence to financial knowledge. Sub-structural II the variabel future time perspective have a significant influence to goal clarity and all variables of sub-structural III (parental influence on saving and conscientiousness) have significant infulence to future time perspective. According the result test on the sub-structural IV the variable financial knowledge have a significant influence to expectations of financial planning for retirement. On the sub-structural V there is a not significant variable, the variable is parental influence on saving to satisfaction life in retirement. Consequently, the author do a trimming on the sub-structural V to fix a structure of path model

    A Paradox of Inferentialism

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    John McDowell articulated a radical criticism of normative inferentialism against Robert Brandom’s expressivist account of conceptual contents. One of his main concerns consists in vindicating a notion of intentionality that could not be reduced to the deontic relations that are established by discursive practitioners. Noticeably, large part of this discussion is focused on empirical knowledge and observational judgments. McDowell argues that there is no role for inference in the application of observational concepts, except the paradoxical one of justifying the content of an observational judgment in terms of itself. This paper examines the semantical consequences of the analysis of the content of empirical judgments in terms of their inferential role. These, it is suggested, are distinct from the epistemological paradoxes that McDowell charges the inferentialist approach with

    Machine learning research 1989-90

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    Multifunctional knowledge bases offer a significant advance in artificial intelligence because they can support numerous expert tasks within a domain. As a result they amortize the costs of building a knowledge base over multiple expert systems and they reduce the brittleness of each system. Due to the inevitable size and complexity of multifunctional knowledge bases, their construction and maintenance require knowledge engineering and acquisition tools that can automatically identify interactions between new and existing knowledge. Furthermore, their use requires software for accessing those portions of the knowledge base that coherently answer questions. Considerable progress was made in developing software for building and accessing multifunctional knowledge bases. A language was developed for representing knowledge, along with software tools for editing and displaying knowledge, a machine learning program for integrating new information into existing knowledge, and a question answering system for accessing the knowledge base

    A graph-theoretic account of logics

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    A graph-theoretic account of logics is explored based on the general notion of m-graph (that is, a graph where each edge can have a finite sequence of nodes as source). Signatures, interpretation structures and deduction systems are seen as m-graphs. After defining a category freely generated by a m-graph, formulas and expressions in general can be seen as morphisms. Moreover, derivations involving rule instantiation are also morphisms. Soundness and completeness theorems are proved. As a consequence of the generality of the approach our results apply to very different logics encompassing, among others, substructural logics as well as logics with nondeterministic semantics, and subsume all logics endowed with an algebraic semantics

    Implicit and Explicit Stances in Logic

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    Ontology: Towards a new synthesis

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    This introduction to the second international conference on Formal Ontology and Information Systems presents a brief history of ontology as a discipline spanning the boundaries of philosophy and information science. We sketch some of the reasons for the growth of ontology in the information science field, and offer a preliminary stocktaking of how the term ‘ontology’ is currently used. We conclude by suggesting some grounds for optimism as concerns the future collaboration between philosophical ontologists and information scientists
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