12,056 research outputs found
Ami-deu : un cadre sémantique pour des applications adaptables dans des environnements intelligents
Cette thĂšse vise Ă Ă©tendre lâutilisation de l'Internet des objets (IdO) en facilitant le dĂ©veloppement dâapplications par des personnes non experts en dĂ©veloppement logiciel. La thĂšse propose une nouvelle approche pour augmenter la sĂ©mantique des applications dâIdO et lâimplication des experts du domaine dans le dĂ©veloppement dâapplications sensibles au contexte. Notre approche permet de gĂ©rer le contexte changeant de lâenvironnement et de gĂ©nĂ©rer des applications qui sâexĂ©cutent dans plusieurs environnements intelligents pour fournir des actions requises dans divers contextes. Notre approche est mise en Ćuvre dans un cadriciel (AmI-DEU) qui inclut les composants pour le dĂ©veloppement dâapplications IdO. AmI-DEU intĂšgre les services dâenvironnement, favorise lâinteraction de lâutilisateur et fournit les moyens de reprĂ©senter le domaine dâapplication, le profil de lâutilisateur et les intentions de lâutilisateur. Le cadriciel permet la dĂ©finition dâapplications IoT avec une intention dâactivitĂ© autodĂ©crite qui contient les connaissances requises pour rĂ©aliser lâactivitĂ©. Ensuite, le cadriciel gĂ©nĂšre Intention as a Context (IaaC), qui comprend une intention dâactivitĂ© autodĂ©crite avec des connaissances colligĂ©es Ă Ă©valuer pour une meilleure adaptation dans des environnements intelligents.
La sĂ©mantique de lâAmI-DEU est basĂ©e sur celle du ContextAA (Context-Aware Agents) â une plateforme pour fournir une connaissance du contexte dans plusieurs environnements. Le cadriciel effectue une compilation des connaissances par des rĂšgles et l'appariement sĂ©mantique pour produire des applications IdO autonomes capables de sâexĂ©cuter en ContextAA. AmI- DEU inclut Ă©galement un outil de dĂ©veloppement visuel pour le dĂ©veloppement et le dĂ©ploiement rapide d'applications sur ContextAA. L'interface graphique dâAmI-DEU adopte la mĂ©taphore du flux avec des aides visuelles pour simplifier le dĂ©veloppement d'applications en permettant des dĂ©finitions de rĂšgles Ă©tape par Ă©tape. Dans le cadre de lâexpĂ©rimentation, AmI-DEU comprend un banc dâessai pour le dĂ©veloppement dâapplications IdO. Les rĂ©sultats expĂ©rimentaux montrent une optimisation sĂ©mantique potentielle des ressources pour les applications IoT dynamiques dans les maisons intelligentes et les villes intelligentes.
Notre approche favorise l'adoption de la technologie pour amĂ©liorer le bienĂȘtre et la qualitĂ© de vie des personnes. Cette thĂšse se termine par des orientations de recherche que le cadriciel AmI-DEU dĂ©voile pour rĂ©aliser des environnements intelligents omniprĂ©sents fournissant des adaptations appropriĂ©es pour soutenir les intentions des personnes.Abstract: This thesis aims at expanding the use of the Internet of Things (IoT) by facilitating the development of applications by people who are not experts in software development. The thesis proposes a new approach to augment IoT applicationsâ semantics and domain expert involvement in context-aware application development. Our approach enables us to manage the changing environment context and generate applications that run in multiple smart environments to provide required actions in diverse settings. Our approach is implemented in a framework (AmI-DEU) that includes the components for IoT application development. AmI- DEU integrates environment services, promotes end-user interaction, and provides the means to represent the application domain, end-user profile, and end-user intentions. The framework enables the definition of IoT applications with a self-described activity intention that contains the required knowledge to achieve the activity. Then, the framework generates Intention as a Context (IaaC), which includes a self-described activity intention with compiled knowledge to be assessed for augmented adaptations in smart environments. AmI-DEU framework semantics adopts ContextAA (Context-Aware Agents) â a platform to provide context-awareness in multiple environments. The framework performs a knowledge compilation by rules and semantic matching to produce autonomic IoT applications to run in ContextAA. AmI-DEU also includes a visual tool for quick application development and deployment to ContextAA. The AmI-DEU GUI adopts the flow metaphor with visual aids to simplify developing applications by allowing step-by-step rule definitions. As part of the experimentation, AmI-DEU includes a testbed for IoT application development. Experimental results show a potential semantic optimization for dynamic IoT applications in smart homes and smart cities. Our approach promotes technology adoption to improve peopleâs well-being and quality of life. This thesis concludes with research directions that the AmI-DEU framework uncovers to achieve pervasive smart environments providing suitable adaptations to support peopleâs intentions
The Concept of a Smart Action â Results from Analyzing Information Systems Literature
In recent years, the term \u27smartness\u27 has entered widespread use in research and daily life. It has emerged with various applications of the Internet of Things, such as smart homes and smart factories. However, rapid technological development and careless use of the term mean that, in information systems (IS) research, a common understanding of smartness has not yet been established. And while it is recognized that smartness encompasses more than the use of impressive information technology applications, a unified conceptualization of how smartness is manifested in IS research is lacking. To this end, we conducted a structured literature review applying techniques from Grounded Theory. We found that smartness occurs through actions, in which smart things and individuals interact, process information, and make data-based decisions that are perceived as smart. Building on these findings, we propose the concept of a \u27smart action\u27 and derive a general definition of smartness. Our findings augment knowledge about how smartness is formed, offering a new perspective on smartness. The concept of a smart action unifies and increases understanding of \u27smartness\u27 in IS research. It supports further research by providing a concept for describing, analyzing, and designing smart actions, smart devices, and smart services
A Role-Based Approach for Orchestrating Emergent Configurations in the Internet of Things
The Internet of Things (IoT) is envisioned as a global network of connected
things enabling ubiquitous machine-to-machine (M2M) communication. With
estimations of billions of sensors and devices to be connected in the coming
years, the IoT has been advocated as having a great potential to impact the way
we live, but also how we work. However, the connectivity aspect in itself only
accounts for the underlying M2M infrastructure. In order to properly support
engineering IoT systems and applications, it is key to orchestrate
heterogeneous 'things' in a seamless, adaptive and dynamic manner, such that
the system can exhibit a goal-directed behaviour and take appropriate actions.
Yet, this form of interaction between things needs to take a user-centric
approach and by no means elude the users' requirements. To this end,
contextualisation is an important feature of the system, allowing it to infer
user activities and prompt the user with relevant information and interactions
even in the absence of intentional commands. In this work we propose a
role-based model for emergent configurations of connected systems as a means to
model, manage, and reason about IoT systems including the user's interaction
with them. We put a special focus on integrating the user perspective in order
to guide the emergent configurations such that systems goals are aligned with
the users' intentions. We discuss related scientific and technical challenges
and provide several uses cases outlining the concept of emergent
configurations.Comment: In Proceedings of the Second International Workshop on the Internet
of Agents @AAMAS201
Gerontechnology acceptance of smart homes: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Advances in preventive medicine and technology have beneficially affected longevity in the past decades. Unfortunately, longer life expectancy and declining fertility are likely to trigger an increasingly aging population, posing new challenges for social systems. Since aging populations affect the healthcare industry, providing convenient solutions and user-friendly elderly healthcare services is necessary to curb the growing demand by older adults. Several studies have proposed intelligent homes as potential solutions to support old age. However, such solutions raise the question of whether or not elderly persons intend to use smart homes and benefit from them. This paper examines the gerontechnology acceptance of intelligent homes by systematically reviewing previous studies on older people\u27s intention to use innovative home technology. The review was conducted from the Web of Science, Google Scholar, and Scopus, retrieving a thousand articles. Out of these, 40 are selected for the meta-analysis and systematic review. The integrative results showed an increasing intention of older adults to use smart home technology as they believe those innovative ways may improve independent living. However, attributes and drivers like privacy and perceived security show increasing heterogeneity and should draw more attention to prospective researchers
Towards a service-oriented architecture for a mobile assistive system with real-time environmental sensing
Dalian Key Lab. of Smart Medical and Healthcare, Computer Science Department, Dalian University, China,With the growing aging population, age-related diseases have increased considerably over the years. In response to these, ambient assistive living (AAL) systems are being developed and are continually evolving to enrich and support independent living. While most researchers investigate robust activity recognition (AR) techniques, this paper focuses on some of the architectural challenges of the AAL systems. This work proposes a system architecture that fuses varying software design patterns and integrates readily available hardware devices to create wireless sensor networks for real-time applications. The system architecture brings together the service-oriented architecture (SOA), semantic web technologies, and other methods to address some of the shortcomings of the preceding system implementations using off-the-shelf and open source components. In order to validate the proposed architecture, a prototype is developed and tested positively to recognize basic user activities in real time. The system provides a base that can be further extended in many areas of AAL systems, including composite AR
How 5G wireless (and concomitant technologies) will revolutionize healthcare?
The need to have equitable access to quality healthcare is enshrined in the United Nations (UN) Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), which defines the developmental agenda of the UN for the next 15 years. In particular, the third SDG focuses on the need to âensure healthy lives and promote well-being for all at all agesâ. In this paper, we build the case that 5G wireless technology, along with concomitant emerging technologies (such as IoT, big data, artificial intelligence and machine learning), will transform global healthcare systems in the near future. Our optimism around 5G-enabled healthcare stems from a confluence of significant technical pushes that are already at play: apart from the availability of high-throughput low-latency wireless connectivity, other significant factors include the democratization of computing through cloud computing; the democratization of Artificial Intelligence (AI) and cognitive computing (e.g., IBM Watson); and the commoditization of data through crowdsourcing and digital exhaust. These technologies together can finally crack a dysfunctional healthcare system that has largely been impervious to technological innovations. We highlight the persistent deficiencies of the current healthcare system and then demonstrate how the 5G-enabled healthcare revolution can fix these deficiencies. We also highlight open technical research challenges, and potential pitfalls, that may hinder the development of such a 5G-enabled health revolution
Seven HCI Grand Challenges
This article aims to investigate the Grand Challenges which arise in the current and emerging landscape of rapid technological evolution towards more intelligent interactive technologies, coupled with increased and widened societal needs, as well as individual and collective expectations that HCI, as a discipline, is called upon to address. A perspective oriented to humane and social values is adopted, formulating the challenges in terms of the impact of emerging intelligent interactive technologies on human life both at the individual and societal levels. Seven Grand Challenges are identified and presented in this article: Human-Technology Symbiosis; Human-Environment Interactions; Ethics, Privacy and Security; Well-being, Health and Eudaimonia; Accessibility and Universal Access; Learning and Creativity; and Social Organization and Democracy. Although not exhaustive, they summarize the views and research priorities of an international interdisciplinary group of experts, reflecting different scientific perspectives, methodological approaches and application domains. Each identified Grand Challenge is analyzed in terms of: concept and problem definition; main research issues involved and state of the art; and associated emerging requirements
A systematic literature review on the use of artificial intelligence in energy self-management in smart buildings
Buildings are one of the main consumers of energy in cities, which is why a lot of research has been generated around this problem. Especially, the buildings energy management systems must improve in the next years. Artificial intelligence techniques are playing and will play a fundamental role in these improvements. This work presents a systematic review of the literature on researches that have been done in recent years to improve energy management systems for smart building using artificial intelligence techniques. An originality of the work is that they are grouped according to the concept of "Autonomous Cycles of Data Analysis Tasks", which defines that an autonomous management system requires specialized tasks, such as monitoring, analysis, and decision-making tasks for reaching objectives in the environment, like improve the energy efficiency. This organization of the work allows us to establish not only the positioning of the researches, but also, the visualization of the current challenges and opportunities in each domain. We have identified that many types of researches are in the domain of decision-making (a large majority on optimization and control tasks), and defined potential projects related to the development of autonomous cycles of data analysis tasks, feature engineering, or multi-agent systems, among others.European Commissio
- âŠ