7,003 research outputs found
Semantic Tagging with Deep Residual Networks
We propose a novel semantic tagging task, sem-tagging, tailored for the
purpose of multilingual semantic parsing, and present the first tagger using
deep residual networks (ResNets). Our tagger uses both word and character
representations and includes a novel residual bypass architecture. We evaluate
the tagset both intrinsically on the new task of semantic tagging, as well as
on Part-of-Speech (POS) tagging. Our system, consisting of a ResNet and an
auxiliary loss function predicting our semantic tags, significantly outperforms
prior results on English Universal Dependencies POS tagging (95.71% accuracy on
UD v1.2 and 95.67% accuracy on UD v1.3).Comment: COLING 2016, camera ready versio
External Lexical Information for Multilingual Part-of-Speech Tagging
Morphosyntactic lexicons and word vector representations have both proven
useful for improving the accuracy of statistical part-of-speech taggers. Here
we compare the performances of four systems on datasets covering 16 languages,
two of these systems being feature-based (MEMMs and CRFs) and two of them being
neural-based (bi-LSTMs). We show that, on average, all four approaches perform
similarly and reach state-of-the-art results. Yet better performances are
obtained with our feature-based models on lexically richer datasets (e.g. for
morphologically rich languages), whereas neural-based results are higher on
datasets with less lexical variability (e.g. for English). These conclusions
hold in particular for the MEMM models relying on our system MElt, which
benefited from newly designed features. This shows that, under certain
conditions, feature-based approaches enriched with morphosyntactic lexicons are
competitive with respect to neural methods
Finding Function in Form: Compositional Character Models for Open Vocabulary Word Representation
We introduce a model for constructing vector representations of words by
composing characters using bidirectional LSTMs. Relative to traditional word
representation models that have independent vectors for each word type, our
model requires only a single vector per character type and a fixed set of
parameters for the compositional model. Despite the compactness of this model
and, more importantly, the arbitrary nature of the form-function relationship
in language, our "composed" word representations yield state-of-the-art results
in language modeling and part-of-speech tagging. Benefits over traditional
baselines are particularly pronounced in morphologically rich languages (e.g.,
Turkish)
Sparse Coding of Neural Word Embeddings for Multilingual Sequence Labeling
In this paper we propose and carefully evaluate a sequence labeling framework
which solely utilizes sparse indicator features derived from dense distributed
word representations. The proposed model obtains (near) state-of-the art
performance for both part-of-speech tagging and named entity recognition for a
variety of languages. Our model relies only on a few thousand sparse
coding-derived features, without applying any modification of the word
representations employed for the different tasks. The proposed model has
favorable generalization properties as it retains over 89.8% of its average POS
tagging accuracy when trained at 1.2% of the total available training data,
i.e.~150 sentences per language
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