1,819 research outputs found

    Automatic PCB Inspection Systems

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    There are more than 50 process steps required to fabricate a printed circuit board (PCB). To ensure quality, human operators simply inspect the work visually against prescribed standards. The decisions made by this labor intensive, and therefore costly, procedure often also involve subjective judgements. Automatic inspection systems remove the subjective aspects and provide fast, quantitative dimensional assessments. Machine vision may answer the manufacturing industry\u27s need to improve product quality and increase productivity. The major limitation of existing inspection systems is that all the algorithms need a special hardware platform to achieve the desired real-time speeds. This makes the systems extremely expensive. Any improvements in speeding up the computation process algorithmically could reduce the cost of these systems drastically. However, they remain a better option than increasingly error prone, and slow manual human inspectio

    Developing Effective Mechanisms for Implementing Labor Rights in the Global Economy

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    The paper explains that workers in different countries are not adversaries and no actual conflict of interest exists between them. It contends that a raise in global wages will benefit workers worldwide. However, this growth in the global economy will not happen if workers in the U.S. and Europe, whose high wages fuel global demand for consumer goods, are losing their jobs to workers who earn subsistence wages

    Spartan Daily, February 19, 2001

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    Volume 116, Issue 17https://scholarworks.sjsu.edu/spartandaily/9653/thumbnail.jp

    Quality assurance in universities in the muslim world: obstacles and solutions

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    Human beings are creatures from unknown to known. The struggle of human being on earth is to gain freedom back to his initial abode. The intellectual and spiritual endowment that was given to man in creation is not only to worship (Allah) as command, but it’s also serves as a divine gift from the creator; to enable him develop himself in a balance mode. This intellectual acumen given to man by Allah is to make him respond adequately to his environmental challenges by being creative in response to his need at a time. The creative tendencies endowed to man made it possible for him to discover and develop ideas that are capable of satisfying the needs of the entire human race. Today, these creative abilities of man have manifested in different forms among them are: product design, handicraft, Auto-mobile assembly-line, Education, culture and moral. These endowed resources of man; which enables him to generate idea, synthesis product, acquire and disseminate useful information have attracted different nomenclature which varies over the years. It was initially tagged labor, later to manpower, to human resources and the most resent name is human capital. Having identify these potentials in man, and its ability to transform concrete resources into a profitable use, maintaining these qualities in human being become a yardstick in determining “quality”. Quality assurance/Total Quality Management, Quality product, Quality material, Quality service, Quality Education, Quality Health e.t.c. are variations of quality, which are largely premised on human potentials and creativity. This paper shall therefore provide a summary of status of quality of education in universities in Muslim world and critically analyses the issue of quality with the backdrop of problems, constraints, and conflicts. Towards the end, suggests appropriate solutions with several alternatives, to improve quality, discussing also their feasibility. The general objective is to develop strategies for improving quality assurance in the Universities in the Muslim word

    Food-Borne Ultimatum: Proposing Federal Legislation to Create Humane Living Conditions for Animals Raised for Food in Order to Improve Human Health, The

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    In order to reduce the large number of human health risks associated with reckless farming practices, Congress must enact federal legislation that requires humane living conditions for farm animals and declares a moratorium on the routine use of unnecessary antibiotics. Part II of this Note will briefly review traditional farming and animal husbandry practices and examine the shift to the modern practices used by producers of animal products today. Part II will also present several farming practices utilized today that are particularly dangerous to human health. Part III of this Note will explore the immense human suffering that is occurring as a result of these modern farm practices. It will also examine the current statutory and regulatory landscape and discuss why the current system is failing. Parts IV and V of this Note will explore recent developments in congressional legislation and propose guidelines for a federal statute, with suggested minimum requirements for the treatment and living conditions of animals raised for human consumption, in order to improve human health

    Ugly Food for Thought: Ripple Effects from a New Food Movement

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    In 2015, the Ugly Food Movement started by companies and campaigns to market and sell aesthetically suboptimal fruits and vegetables. The movement began in response to an increasingly visual culture in which many customers and retailers reject produce on the basis of visual cues and unrealistic expectations influenced by the media. In order to reestablish the value of imperfect produce, ugly food start-ups including Misfits Market, Imperfect Foods, and Hungry Harvest emerged to promote the fruits and vegetables others ignore and now deliver to many major metropolitan areas throughout the United States. These companies partner with growers and customers to expand access to fresh food at affordable prices, conveniently ship produce boxes to doorsteps, and reduce “ugly” food waste. However, the ripple effects of this millennial movement are far-reaching and complex. Food-justice advocates argue that these profit-based solutions are disingenuous and ill-equipped to combat food waste and inaccessibility. Instead, they may take away from local services such as Community-Supported Agriculture (CSA) programs. This thesis unpacks the context in which the movement sprouted and its national positionality. It argues that while the Ugly Food Movement has benefitted some farmers, executed exemplary marketing, and performed effective social outreach, it is limited. However, through fruitful and noncompetitive collaboration between local food communities and ugly food efforts, imperfection could feed more communities

    Consuming (F)ears of Corn: Public Health and Biopharming

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    Image Analysis and Segmentation Based on the Circular Pipeline Video Processor

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    Visual inspection of printed circuit boards has generally depended on human inspectors. However, a system has been developed which allows for automated visual inspection using robotics and modern image processing techniques. This paper first introduces automatic visual inspection processes, overviews the Automatic Board Assembly, Inspection and Test (ABAIT) system, reviews image processing concepts and describes the Circular Pipeline Video Processor (CPVP). Image data from the CPVP is analyzed and an investigation into alternate segmentation algorithms to identify circuit board features is presented. The relative performance of these algorithms is compared conclusions drawn

    Business Ethics, Law, and the Corporate Use of Laboraory Animals

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    This paper will examine, first, the fundamental theories pertaining to animal interests; then the relevant laws and the recognition of animal interests the laws require of corporate laboratories; and finally, how (if at all) these claims to interests for animals impinge upon corporate ethics. Perhaps a consideration of these matters will clarify the validity of the unorthodox proposition that corporate responsibility extends to nonhumans
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