6 research outputs found

    Uloga mera sličnosti u analizi vremenskih serija

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    The subject of this dissertation encompasses a comprehensive overview and analysis of the impact of Sakoe-Chiba global constraint on the most commonly used elastic similarity measures in the field of time-series data mining with a focus on classification accuracy. The choice of similarity measure is one of the most significant aspects of time-series analysis  -  it should correctly reflect the resemblance between the data presented in the form of time series. Similarity measures represent a critical component of many tasks of mining time series, including: classification, clustering, prediction, anomaly detection, and others. The research covered by this dissertation is oriented on several issues: 1.  review of the effects of  global constraints on the performance of computing similarity measures, 2.  a detailed analysis of the influence of constraining the elastic similarity measures on the accuracy of classical classification techniques, 3.  an extensive study of the impact of different weighting schemes on the classification of time series, 4.  development of an open source library that integrates the main techniques and methods required for analysis and mining time series, and which is used for the realization of these experimentsPredmet istraživanja ove disertacije obuhvata detaljan pregled i analizu uticaja Sakoe-Chiba globalnog ograničenja na najčešće korišćene elastične mere sličnosti u oblasti data mining-a vremenskih serija sa naglaskom na tačnost klasifikacije. Izbor mere sličnosti jedan je od najvažnijih aspekata analize vremenskih serija  -  ona treba  verno reflektovati sličnost između podataka prikazanih u obliku vremenskih serija.  Mera sličnosti predstavlјa kritičnu komponentu mnogih zadataka  mining-a vremenskih serija, uklјučujući klasifikaciju, grupisanje (eng.  clustering), predviđanje, otkrivanje anomalija i drugih. Istraživanje obuhvaćeno ovom disertacijom usmereno je na nekoliko pravaca: 1.  pregled efekata globalnih ograničenja na performanse računanja mera sličnosti, 2.  detalјna analiza posledice ograničenja elastičnih mera sličnosti na tačnost klasifikacije klasičnih tehnika klasifikacije, 3.  opsežna studija uticaj različitih načina računanja težina (eng. weighting scheme) na klasifikaciju vremenskih serija, 4.  razvoj biblioteke otvorenog koda (Framework for Analysis and Prediction  -  FAP) koja će integrisati glavne tehnike i metode potrebne za analizu i mining  vremenskih serija i koja je korišćena za realizaciju ovih eksperimenata.Predmet istraživanja ove disertacije obuhvata detaljan pregled i analizu uticaja Sakoe-Chiba globalnog ograničenja na najčešće korišćene elastične mere sličnosti u oblasti data mining-a vremenskih serija sa naglaskom na tačnost klasifikacije. Izbor mere sličnosti jedan je od najvažnijih aspekata analize vremenskih serija  -  ona treba  verno reflektovati sličnost između podataka prikazanih u obliku vremenskih serija.  Mera sličnosti predstavlja kritičnu komponentu mnogih zadataka  mining-a vremenskih serija, uključujući klasifikaciju, grupisanje (eng.  clustering), predviđanje, otkrivanje anomalija i drugih. Istraživanje obuhvaćeno ovom disertacijom usmereno je na nekoliko pravaca: 1.  pregled efekata globalnih ograničenja na performanse računanja mera sličnosti, 2.  detaljna analiza posledice ograničenja elastičnih mera sličnosti na tačnost klasifikacije klasičnih tehnika klasifikacije, 3.  opsežna studija uticaj različitih načina računanja težina (eng. weighting scheme) na klasifikaciju vremenskih serija, 4.  razvoj biblioteke otvorenog koda (Framework for Analysis and Prediction  -  FAP) koja će integrisati glavne tehnike i metode potrebne za analizu i mining  vremenskih serija i koja je korišćena za realizaciju ovih eksperimenata

    A Hybrid Backtracking Search Optimization Algorithm with Differential Evolution

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    The backtracking search optimization algorithm (BSA) is a new nature-inspired method which possesses a memory to take advantage of experiences gained from previous generation to guide the population to the global optimum. BSA is capable of solving multimodal problems, but it slowly converges and poorly exploits solution. The differential evolution (DE) algorithm is a robust evolutionary algorithm and has a fast convergence speed in the case of exploitive mutation strategies that utilize the information of the best solution found so far. In this paper, we propose a hybrid backtracking search optimization algorithm with differential evolution, called HBD. In HBD, DE with exploitive strategy is used to accelerate the convergence by optimizing one worse individual according to its probability at each iteration process. A suit of 28 benchmark functions are employed to verify the performance of HBD, and the results show the improvement in effectiveness and efficiency of hybridization of BSA and DE

    Dealing with similarity in argumentation

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    Le raisonnement argumentatif est basé sur la justification d'une conclusion plausible par des arguments en sa faveur. L'argumentation est un modèle prometteur pour raisonner avec des connaissances incertaines ou incohérentes, ou, plus généralement de sens communs. Ce modèle est basé sur la construction d'arguments et de contre-arguments, la comparaison de ces arguments et enfin l'évaluation de la force de chacun d'entre eux. Dans cette thèse, nous avons abordé la notion de similarité entre arguments. Nous avons étudié deux aspects : comment la mesurer et comment la prendre en compte dans l'évaluation des forces. Concernant le premier aspect, nous nous sommes intéressés aux arguments logiques, plus précisément à des arguments construits à partir de bases de connaissances propositionnelles. Nous avons commencé par proposer un ensemble d'axiomes qu'une mesure de similarité entre des arguments logiques doit satisfaire. Ensuite, nous avons proposé différentes mesures et étudié leurs propriétés. La deuxième partie de la thèse a consisté à définir les fondements théoriques qui décrivent les principes et les processus impliqués dans la définition d'une méthode d'évaluation des arguments prenant en compte la similarité. Une telle méthode calcule la force d'un argument sur la base de forces de ses attaquants, des similarités entre eux, et d'un poids initial de l'argument. Formellement, une méthode d'évaluation est définie par trois fonctions dont une, nommée "fonction d'ajustement", qui s'occupe de réajuster les forces des attaquants en fonction de leur similarité. Nous avons proposé des propriétés que doivent satisfaire les trois fonctions, ensuite nous avons défini une large famille de méthodes et étudié leurs propriétés. Enfin, nous avons défini différentes fonctions d'ajustement, montrant ainsi que différentes stratégies peuvent être suivies pour contourner la redondance pouvant exister entre les attaquants d'un argument.Argumentative reasoning is based on justifying a plausible conclusion with arguments in its favour. Argumentation is a promising model for reasoning with uncertain or inconsistent knowledge, or, more generally, common sense. This model is based on the construction of arguments and counter-arguments, the comparison of these arguments and finally the evaluation of the strength of each of them. In this thesis, we have tackled the notion of similarity between arguments. We have studied two aspects: how to measure it and how to take it into account in the evaluation of strengths. With regards to the first aspect, we were interested in logical arguments, more precisely in arguments built from propositional knowledge bases. We started by proposing a set of axioms that a similarity measure between logical arguments must satisfy. Then, we proposed different measures and studied their properties. The second part of the thesis was focused on defining the theoretical foundations that describe the principles and processes involved in the definition of an evaluation method for arguments, which takes similarity into account. Such a method computes the strength of an argument based on the strengths of its attackers, the similarities between them, and an initial weight of the argument. Formally, an evaluation method is defined by three functions, one of which (called the adjustment function) is concerned with readjusting the strengths of the attackers according to their similarity. We have proposed properties that the three functions must satisfy, after which we have defined a large family of methods and studied their properties. At last, we have defined different adjustment functions, showing that different strategies can be applied to avoid the redundancy that can exist between the attackers of an argument

    Reusando Modelos Conceituais : Linguagem e Compilador

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    TCC(graduação) - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina. Centro Tecnológico. Ciências da Computação.Este relatório apresenta uma linguagem textual para modelagem con- ceitual (baseada em classes/associações da UML e em restrições da OCL) e um compilador que pode gerar código em qualquer linguagem ou tecnologia através de templates de texto extensíveis. A linguagem e o compilador permitem a especificação da informação gerenciada por sistemas de software cada vez mais distribuídos e em constante mu- dança. A partir de uma única fonte, a geração de código automática mantém as implementações consistentes com sua especificação atra- vés das diferentes plataformas e tecnologias. Além disso, na medida em que o horizonte tecnológico se expande, os templates textuais po- dem ser modificados para adotar novas tecnologias. Diferentemente de outras abordagens, tais como MDA e MPS, espera-se que o suporte fer- ramental acompanhando esta linguagem, juntamente com sua natureza textual, facilite a integração do desenvolvimento de software dirigido por modelos no fluxo de trabalho dos desenvolvedores de software

    Reusando Modelos Conceituais : Linguagem e Compilador

    Get PDF
    TCC(graduação) - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina. Centro Tecnológico. Ciências da Computação.Este relatório apresenta uma linguagem textual para modelagem con- ceitual (baseada em classes/associações da UML e em restrições da OCL) e um compilador que pode gerar código em qualquer linguagem ou tecnologia através de templates de texto extensíveis. A linguagem e o compilador permitem a especificação da informação gerenciada por sistemas de software cada vez mais distribuídos e em constante mu- dança. A partir de uma única fonte, a geração de código automática mantém as implementações consistentes com sua especificação atra- vés das diferentes plataformas e tecnologias. Além disso, na medida em que o horizonte tecnológico se expande, os templates textuais po- dem ser modificados para adotar novas tecnologias. Diferentemente de outras abordagens, tais como MDA e MPS, espera-se que o suporte fer- ramental acompanhando esta linguagem, juntamente com sua natureza textual, facilite a integração do desenvolvimento de software dirigido por modelos no fluxo de trabalho dos desenvolvedores de software
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