179,332 research outputs found
GoGlobal Rural-Urban
This is a book of edited articles and design projects from five years of collaborative international design projects in developed and developing economies, including China, Thailand, Ghana and Japan. Part One contains articles on initiatives including e-commerce models for developing economies, massclusivity and craft design. Part Two is dedicated to design solutions for Chinaâs rural-urban migration issues, which affect 55 million people a year. The project enhances knowledge about the application of design thinking to national-level issues connecting policy to implementation, extending design activity into large-scale social and economic areas.
The book follows an exhibition of design outcomes in London and Beijing (2010). Hall developed his chapter (âGo Global: Ghanaâ) from a conference paper given at the âInternational Association of Societies of Design Research Conferenceâ, South Korea (2009) and further expanded as a book chapter (with Barker) entitled âe-Artisans: Contemporary design for the global marketâ in Global Design History (2011). âeArtisansâ researched a proposed e-commerce model linking designer-craftsmen with a global Internet sale and distribution model for African countries. The originality lay in proposing and testing knowledge, through design collaborations, in a combination of e-commerce enterprise models; it was significant in deploying the proposed model in an experimental educational initiative. The research was based on previous experience of design, craft and enterprise projects in Thailand and China, and aligned with a creative economies report by UNESCO (2008). The context was a collaboration at the KNUST, Kumasi, Ghana, where action-based research methods resulted in a case study illustrating cultural transfer. Support and partnership were also provided by Aid To Artisans, the British Council and Africa 53. A vital aspect was the discovery of how an e-commerce model changed design concepts and creative proposals. The GoGlobal project has continued with an edited publication, Designing Social City Experiences (Jin Nam and Hall 2013)
Knowledge discOvery And daTa minINg inteGrated (KOATING) Moderators for collaborative projects
A major issue in any multidiscipline collaborative project is how to best share and simultaneously exploit different types of expertise, without duplicating efforts or inadvertently causing conflicts or loss of efficiency through misunderstanding of individual or shared goals. Moderators are knowledge based systems designed to support collaborative teams by raising awareness of potential problems or conflicts. However, the functioning of a Moderator is limited by the knowledge it has about the team members. Knowledge acquisition, learning and updating of knowledge are the major challenges for a Moderator's implementation. To address these challenges a Knowledge discOvery And daTa minINg inteGrated (KOATING) framework is presented for Moderators to enable them to continuously learn from the operational databases of the company and semi-automatically update their knowledge about team members. This enables the reuse of discovered knowledge from operational databases within collaborative projects. The integration of knowledge discovery in database (KDD) techniques into the existing Knowledge Acquisition Module of a moderator enables hidden data dependencies and relationships to be utilised to facilitate the moderation process. The architecture for the Universal Knowledge Moderator (UKM) shows how Moderators can be extended to incorporate a learning element which enables them to provide better support for virtual enterprises. Unified Modelling Language diagrams were used to specify the ways to design and develop the proposed system. The functioning of a UKM is presented using an illustrative example
A Systematic Method for Discovering Effective Patterns of Virtual Project Management
The effective management of virtual projects within global organizations is an inherently collaborative activity as well as an increasingly critical issue. The concept of patterns provides a useful theoretical framework by which we can study the design of effective practices for the management of virtual projects. However, a number of significant gaps exist in our knowledge of this area and one of the most important is the need for a systematic method for discovering effective patterns. We propose such a systematic method and provide a detailed example of the use of our proposed pattern discovery method
Knowledge discovery for moderating collaborative projects
In today's global market environment, enterprises are increasingly turning towards
collaboration in projects to leverage their resources, skills and expertise, and
simultaneously address the challenges posed in diverse and competitive markets.
Moderators, which are knowledge based systems have successfully been used to support
collaborative teams by raising awareness of problems or conflicts. However, the
functioning of a moderator is limited to the knowledge it has about the team members.
Knowledge acquisition, learning and updating of knowledge are the major challenges for
a Moderator's implementation. To address these challenges a Knowledge discOvery And
daTa minINg inteGrated (KOATING) framework is presented for Moderators to enable them to continuously learn from the operational databases of the company and semi-automatically update the corresponding expert module. The architecture for the Universal Knowledge Moderator (UKM) shows how the existing moderators can be extended to support global manufacturing.
A method for designing and developing the knowledge acquisition module of the Moderator for manual and semi-automatic update of knowledge is documented using the Unified Modelling Language (UML). UML has been used to explore the static structure and dynamic behaviour, and describe the system analysis, system design and system
development aspects of the proposed KOATING framework. The proof of design has been presented using a case study for a collaborative project in
the form of construction project supply chain. It has been shown that Moderators can
"learn" by extracting various kinds of knowledge from Post Project Reports (PPRs) using
different types of text mining techniques. Furthermore, it also proposed that the
knowledge discovery integrated moderators can be used to support and enhance
collaboration by identifying appropriate business opportunities and identifying
corresponding partners for creation of a virtual organization. A case study is presented in
the context of a UK based SME. Finally, this thesis concludes by summarizing the thesis,
outlining its novelties and contributions, and recommending future research
Enhancing the Engineering Curriculum: Defining Discovery Learning at Marquette University
This paper summarizes the results of our investigation into the feasibility of increasing the level of discovery learning in the College of Engineering (COE) at Marquette University. We review the education literature, document examples of discovery learning currently practiced in the COE and other schools, and propose a Marquette COE-specific definition of discovery learn-ing. Based on our assessment of the benefits, costs, and tradeoffs associated with increasing the level of discovery learning, we pre-sent several recommendations and identify resources required for implementation. These recommendations may be helpful in enhancing engineering education at other schools
Hidden value - towards an understanding of the full impact of engaging students in user-led research and innovation projects between universities and companies
âLiveâ projects have been the staple of degree programmes in design for as long as design education has existed. They represent the perfect vehicle through which students can test their evolving knowledge and skills. They provide an ideal constructivist platform through which problem-centred, authentic learning can be achieved and deliver immediate value to student learning. This study explores the value to the other stakeholders in such projects: the Company and the University.
A suite of projects undertaken over a ten-year period between a leading Design School and one of the largest Fast Moving Consumer Goods companies in the world has been reviewed. Semi-structured interviews with Company employees and academics have been used to establish the impact of each project, and this data has been mapped against the original objective of each project in order to identify the hidden value of these collaborations.
Through this exploration of a decade of University-Company collaborations, the authors identify levels of engagement that go beyond the âlive projectâ. The paper illustrates the value of such projects for the âclientâ organisation, and the academic community, as well as reflecting, briefly, on the student experience
A Scientific Roadmap for Antibiotic Discovery: A Sustained and Robust Pipeline of New Antibacterial Drugs and Therapies is Critical to Preserve Public Health
In recent decades, the discovery and development of new antibiotics have slowed dramatically as scientific barriers to drug discovery, regulatory challenges, and diminishing returns on investment have led major drug companies to scale back or abandon their antibiotic research. Consequently, antibiotic discoveryâwhich peaked in the 1950sâhas dropped precipitously. Of greater concern is the fact that nearly all antibiotics brought to market over the past 30 years have been variations on existing drugs. Every currently available antibiotic is a derivative of a class discovered between the early 1900s and 1984.At the same time, the emergence of antibiotic-resistant pathogens has accelerated, giving rise to life-threatening infections that will not respond to available antibiotic treatment. Inevitably, the more that antibiotics are used, the more that bacteria develop resistanceârendering the drugs less effective and leading public health authorities worldwide to flag antibiotic resistance as an urgent and growing public health threat
The benefits of in silico modeling to identify possible small-molecule drugs and their off-target interactions
Accepted for publication in a future issue of Future Medicinal Chemistry.The research into the use of small molecules as drugs continues to be a key driver in the development of molecular databases, computer-aided drug design software and collaborative platforms. The evolution of computational approaches is driven by the essential criteria that a drug molecule has to fulfill, from the affinity to targets to minimal side effects while having adequate absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion (ADME) properties. A combination of ligand- and structure-based drug development approaches is already used to obtain consensus predictions of small molecule activities and their off-target interactions. Further integration of these methods into easy-to-use workflows informed by systems biology could realize the full potential of available data in the drug discovery and reduce the attrition of drug candidates.Peer reviewe
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