21,696 research outputs found
Together we stand, Together we fall, Together we win: Dynamic Team Formation in Massive Open Online Courses
Massive Open Online Courses (MOOCs) offer a new scalable paradigm for
e-learning by providing students with global exposure and opportunities for
connecting and interacting with millions of people all around the world. Very
often, students work as teams to effectively accomplish course related tasks.
However, due to lack of face to face interaction, it becomes difficult for MOOC
students to collaborate. Additionally, the instructor also faces challenges in
manually organizing students into teams because students flock to these MOOCs
in huge numbers. Thus, the proposed research is aimed at developing a robust
methodology for dynamic team formation in MOOCs, the theoretical framework for
which is grounded at the confluence of organizational team theory, social
network analysis and machine learning. A prerequisite for such an undertaking
is that we understand the fact that, each and every informal tie established
among students offers the opportunities to influence and be influenced.
Therefore, we aim to extract value from the inherent connectedness of students
in the MOOC. These connections carry with them radical implications for the way
students understand each other in the networked learning community. Our
approach will enable course instructors to automatically group students in
teams that have fairly balanced social connections with their peers, well
defined in terms of appropriately selected qualitative and quantitative network
metrics.Comment: In Proceedings of 5th IEEE International Conference on Application of
Digital Information & Web Technologies (ICADIWT), India, February 2014 (6
pages, 3 figures
Hierarchical Interaction Networks with Rethinking Mechanism for Document-level Sentiment Analysis
Document-level Sentiment Analysis (DSA) is more challenging due to vague
semantic links and complicate sentiment information. Recent works have been
devoted to leveraging text summarization and have achieved promising results.
However, these summarization-based methods did not take full advantage of the
summary including ignoring the inherent interactions between the summary and
document. As a result, they limited the representation to express major points
in the document, which is highly indicative of the key sentiment. In this
paper, we study how to effectively generate a discriminative representation
with explicit subject patterns and sentiment contexts for DSA. A Hierarchical
Interaction Networks (HIN) is proposed to explore bidirectional interactions
between the summary and document at multiple granularities and learn
subject-oriented document representations for sentiment classification.
Furthermore, we design a Sentiment-based Rethinking mechanism (SR) by refining
the HIN with sentiment label information to learn a more sentiment-aware
document representation. We extensively evaluate our proposed models on three
public datasets. The experimental results consistently demonstrate the
effectiveness of our proposed models and show that HIN-SR outperforms various
state-of-the-art methods.Comment: 17 pages, accepted by ECML-PKDD 202
Weakly supervised aspect extraction for domain-specific texts
Aspect extraction, identifying aspects of text segments from a pre-defined set of aspects, is one of the keystones in text understanding. It benefits numerous applications, including sentiment analysis and product review summarization. Most existing aspect extraction methods heavily rely on human-curated aspect annotations of massive text segments, thus making them expensive to be applied in specific domains. Recent attempts leveraging clustering methods can alleviate such annotation effort, but they require domain-specific knowledge and effort to further filter, aggregate, and align the clustering results to desired aspects. Therefore, in this paper, we explore to extract aspects from the domain-specific raw texts with very limited supervision – only a few user-provided seed words per each aspect. Specifically, our proposed neural model is equipped with multi-head attention and self-training. The multi-head attention is learned from the seed words to ensure that the aspect-related words in text segments are weighted higher than those unrelated ones. The self-training mechanism provides more pseudo labels in addition to limited supervision. Extensive experiments on real-world datasets demonstrate the superior performance of our proposed framework, as well as the effectiveness of both the attention module and the self-training mechanism. Case studies on the attention weights further shed lights on the interpretability of our aspect extraction results
IDENTIFYING A CUSTOMER CENTERED APPROACH FOR URBAN PLANNING: DEFINING A FRAMEWORK AND EVALUATING POTENTIAL IN A LIVABILITY CONTEXT
In transportation planning, public engagement is an essential requirement forinformed decision-making. This is especially true for assessing abstract concepts such aslivability, where it is challenging to define objective measures and to obtain input that canbe used to gauge performance of communities. This dissertation focuses on advancing adata-driven decision-making approach for the transportation planning domain in thecontext of livability. First, a conceptual model for a customer-centric framework fortransportation planning is designed integrating insight from multiple disciplines (chapter1), then a data-mining approach to extracting features important for defining customersatisfaction in a livability context is described (chapter 2), and finally an appraisal of thepotential of social media review mining for enhancing understanding of livability measuresand increasing engagement in the planning process is undertaken (chapter 3). The resultsof this work also include a sentiment analysis and visualization package for interpreting anautomated user-defined translation of qualitative measures of livability. The packageevaluates users satisfaction of neighborhoods through social media and enhances thetraditional approaches to defining livability planning measures. This approach has thepotential to capitalize on residents interests in social media outlets and to increase publicengagement in the planning process by encouraging users to participate in onlineneighborhood satisfaction reporting. The results inform future work for deploying acomprehensive approach to planning that draws the marketing structure of transportationnetwork products with residential nodes as the center of the structure
Prompt Tuning Large Language Models on Personalized Aspect Extraction for Recommendations
Existing aspect extraction methods mostly rely on explicit or ground truth
aspect information, or using data mining or machine learning approaches to
extract aspects from implicit user feedback such as user reviews. It however
remains under-explored how the extracted aspects can help generate more
meaningful recommendations to the users. Meanwhile, existing research on
aspect-based recommendations often relies on separate aspect extraction models
or assumes the aspects are given, without accounting for the fact the optimal
set of aspects could be dependent on the recommendation task at hand.
In this work, we propose to combine aspect extraction together with
aspect-based recommendations in an end-to-end manner, achieving the two goals
together in a single framework. For the aspect extraction component, we
leverage the recent advances in large language models and design a new prompt
learning mechanism to generate aspects for the end recommendation task. For the
aspect-based recommendation component, the extracted aspects are concatenated
with the usual user and item features used by the recommendation model. The
recommendation task mediates the learning of the user embeddings and item
embeddings, which are used as soft prompts to generate aspects. Therefore, the
extracted aspects are personalized and contextualized by the recommendation
task. We showcase the effectiveness of our proposed method through extensive
experiments on three industrial datasets, where our proposed framework
significantly outperforms state-of-the-art baselines in both the personalized
aspect extraction and aspect-based recommendation tasks. In particular, we
demonstrate that it is necessary and beneficial to combine the learning of
aspect extraction and aspect-based recommendation together. We also conduct
extensive ablation studies to understand the contribution of each design
component in our framework
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