Is youth unemployment really the major worry? (AOM)

Youth unemployment is neither the only nor the basic problem of the European labour market. The comparative analysis of unemployment data demonstrates that the unemployment of older people is even more serious. The article proves that the weight of young people in total unemployment has as a tendency been declining in the “inner periphery” of the EU, among them in Central and Eastern European member states (CEECs). The trend is just the opposite in the developed or “core” countries of the Union where youngsters took a higher share in total unemployment in 2012 than 10-12 years ago. In Europe there are millions of young people beyond the active unemployed who do not want to work or think they cannot find a job that fulfils their expectations and refuse to take part in any kind of education or training (NEETs-“Not in Employment, Education or Training”). By estimating the rate of NEETs in the adult population the article claims that the NEETs-phenomenon is not the differentia specifica of the youth. At the end the article details two suggestions for the mitigation of the problem. It concludes that the joblessness in Europe is an old and tendencially worsening problem that cannot be solved by particular policies

Telling Otherwise: Collective and Personal Remembering and Forgetting in Kate Atkinson’s "Life after Life"

This paper aims at exploring collective and personal remembering, as well as the notion of forgetting as a kind of “‘rebeginning’ or finding the future by forgetting the past” (Galloway 3) in Kate Atkinson Costa prize-winning "Life after Life" (2013). In Atkinson’s novel Ursula Todd is born on February 11 1910, dies and is born again and again to undo the traumatic events that caused her previous death(s). The narrator’s retelling of Ursula’s life takes the reader through the two wars, and to different incarnations of Ursula’s life, which finally set things right for her and for her beloved ones. Following Paul Ricoeur’s "Memory, History, Forgetting" (2004) and Marc Augé’s "Oblivion" (2004), where they treat forgetting as being a positive figure, or “the reserve of forgetting” in Ricoeur’s terms, I will discuss the interlocked processes of remembering and forgetting, not only applied to individuals (like Ursula in "Life after Life"), but also to the community. Communal memory is particularly mobilised in the act of telling otherwise: “[t]hrough narrating one’s identity otherwise, a community can work through its past, have an acceptable understanding of itself, and to justice to others” (Leichter 124). Therefore, this paper will also look into the ways in which Atkinson’s novel engages with the concept of collective memory that, operating within an intersubjective model, underlines networks of individual and communal relations

The outlook for housing: the role of demographic and cyclical factors

With the current U.S. economic expansion now in its sixth year, the economy appears to be on a path of stable growth. Such a development would be beneficial because it would foster steady gains in employment, income, and investment, all of which would help boost the overall standard of living. To maintain such a healthy course, most sectors of the economy need to be solid performers. The housing sector is an especially important component of the economy, having generated $1.5 trillion in output in 1995, or one-fifth of the nation's gross domestic product.> Whether housing activity will continue to perform well in the 1990s will depend in part on two key factors. First, will demographic factors, such as the aging "baby-boom" generation and the smaller "baby-bust" generation, lessen the demand for housing and thereby imperil the health of housing activity? And second, will cyclical factors enable housing activity to sustain its solid performance as the economy moderates to a stable growth path?> Filardo explores whether housing will continue to perform well in the rest of the decade. He concludes that favorable demographic trends and stable cyclical forces will lay the foundation for healthy housing activity for the rest of the decade.Demography ; Housing ; Population

Stacco: Differentially Analyzing Side-Channel Traces for Detecting SSL/TLS Vulnerabilities in Secure Enclaves

Intel Software Guard Extension (SGX) offers software applications enclave to protect their confidentiality and integrity from malicious operating systems. The SSL/TLS protocol, which is the de facto standard for protecting transport-layer network communications, has been broadly deployed for a secure communication channel. However, in this paper, we show that the marriage between SGX and SSL may not be smooth sailing. Particularly, we consider a category of side-channel attacks against SSL/TLS implementations in secure enclaves, which we call the control-flow inference attacks. In these attacks, the malicious operating system kernel may perform a powerful man-in-the-kernel attack to collect execution traces of the enclave programs at page, cacheline, or branch level, while positioning itself in the middle of the two communicating parties. At the center of our work is a differential analysis framework, dubbed Stacco, to dynamically analyze the SSL/TLS implementations and detect vulnerabilities that can be exploited as decryption oracles. Surprisingly, we found exploitable vulnerabilities in the latest versions of all the SSL/TLS libraries we have examined. To validate the detected vulnerabilities, we developed a man-in-the-kernel adversary to demonstrate Bleichenbacher attacks against the latest OpenSSL library running in the SGX enclave (with the help of Graphene) and completely broke the PreMasterSecret encrypted by a 4096-bit RSA public key with only 57286 queries. We also conducted CBC padding oracle attacks against the latest GnuTLS running in Graphene-SGX and an open-source SGX-implementation of mbedTLS (i.e., mbedTLS-SGX) that runs directly inside the enclave, and showed that it only needs 48388 and 25717 queries, respectively, to break one block of AES ciphertext. Empirical evaluation suggests these man-in-the-kernel attacks can be completed within 1 or 2 hours.Comment: CCS 17, October 30-November 3, 2017, Dallas, TX, US

Story Telling: A Comparative Analysis of Three Works by Michael Colgrass, Joseph Schwantner and Ross Lee Finney

This research project examines music by twentieth-century American composers Michael Colgrass, Joseph Schwantner, and Ross Lee Finney in order to compare how different composers present an aural conception to their audience through the wind ensemble medium. An aural conception is the subject upon which the music is commenting; sight (subject) through sound. The study includes an analysis of soundscapes- collections of sounds that form an acoustic representation of an action or objectin works created by Colgrass, Schwantner, and Finney. The project involves analyses of form, orchestration, and of the text, or story, about which the composer is writing. The works analyzed are Winds of Nagual by Michael Colgrass, …and the Mountains Rising Nowhere by Joseph Schwantner, and Skating on the Sheyenne by Ross Lee Finney. Based on these analyses of the works, interviews with conductors and composers, and an examination of othe