Financial Fragility in the Current European crisis

The paper argues that the European financial system in the years following the great financial crisis started in 2007 has become increasingly fragile. Minsky’s notion of fragility, on which it is based, is related to history, policy and institutions. In the current European environment, fragility depends on the rise of shadow banks’ assets, the expansion of derivatives and the changes in financial regulation. All these elements have jointly triggered several feedback loops. In Minsky’s opinion, policies should have the scope of thwarting self-enforcing feedback loops. Yet the policies that have been implemented so far seem to have produced the opposite effects. They have created new feedback loops that nurture fragility again. This outcome, however, is not surprising for policies may change initial conditions and have unintended consequences, as Minsky has taught us since a long time

NONRENEWABLE RESOURCES – THE GATEWAY TOWARDS A SOLAR ERA

The end of the 20th century was preserving and handing down the concept of economic growth as the main goal of most of the governments and economic advisers, even if the world was integrating in a mondialist system. This economic model lasted for a long time, but it will not survive the 21st century, when the development of nations will depend increasingly on the security of natural resources. Progress now depends on a much more profound economic transformation than it has been possible so far, especially since countries around the world rely on the availability of renewable and nonrenewable resources to meet their rising needs and expectations. The transition from the traditional economic paradigm to that based on the sustainable or ecological economy takes years of changes at all levels – from theory to practice. The aim of this paper is to introduce the progressive visions of some outstanding specialists who have looked for solutions to make a sustainable economy possible. The transition to a world sustainable economy implies admitting the fact that human economy is just a part of the global ecosystem which encompasses it.nonrenewable resources, renewable resources, solar technologies, sustainable development

CAL evaluation: Future directions

Formal, experimental methods have proved increasingly difficult to implement, and lack the capacity to generate detailed results when evaluating the impact of CAL on teaching and learning. The rigid nature of experimental design restricts the scope of investigations and the conditions in which studies can be conducted It has also consistently failed to account for all influences on learning. In innovative CAL environments, practical and theoretical development depends on the ability fully to investigate the wide range of such influences. Over the past five years, a customizable evaluation framework has been developed specifically for CAL research. The conceptual approach is defined as Situated Evaluation of CAL (SECAL), and the primary focus is on quality of learning outcomes. Two important principles underpin this development. First, the widely accepted need to evaluate in authentic contexts includes examination of the combined effects of CAL with other resources and influential aspects of the learning environment. Secondly, evaluation design is based on a critical approach and qualitative, case‐based research. Positive outcomes from applications of SECAL include the easy satisfaction of practical and situation‐specific requirements and the relatively low cost of evaluation studies. Although there is little scope to produce generalizable results in the short term, the difficulty of doing so in experimental studies suggests that this objective is difficult to achieve in educational research. A more realistic, longer‐term aim is the development of grounded theory based on common findings from individual cases

A Working History of Digital Zoom, Medieval to Modern

[Article draft from 2020: very of its mid-lockdown moment, but unlikely to be revisiting this, so here it is!] This article examines one of the most familiar elements of digital interfaces: the zoom tool. By tracing the conceptual, technical, and material histories of zooming from the late Middle Ages to the present day, it demonstrates how historians of the medieval book might turn their attention to the digital tools on which we increasingly depend not just in our academic work, but in all areas of life. It also considers some of the broader ramifications of looking beneath the screens of our smart devices: the complex and often discontinuous histories of information technologies, the hollowness of powerful corporations’ claims of “innovation” and “disruption,” the various forms of extractivism on which the digital realm depends, and the modern regimes of worker “flexibility” and “knowledge work.

Transformasi Orientasi Pemustaka Pada Tahun Politik Pemilu 2024

The need for information for human beings has its own characteristics and differences so that each has an unequal portion in needing the necessary information. They need information because it is considered to be able to add insight so that they can move their minds and behavior to find answers to their ignorance. The development of information through various existing sources causes an abundance of information that is not necessarily all that is needed. The need for this information depends on the background and limited information available at the time. Other implications of the advancement of digital technology will have various impacts. Starting from cultural changes that have shifted the cultural fabric of society that has lived in the midst of Indonesian society for a long time, to information technology that makes information sources very accessible to the public with content diverse content, both from a positive side that can build human civilization or it will plunge humanity into a moral decline that was previously upheld. Shifting moral values ​​into something that must be "sacrifice" advances in information technology. The purpose of writing is to provide competency support for librarians to face the era of information technology. Libraries in the development of increasingly developing technology, it is even not impossible that metaverse technology will help with tasks related to librarianship, causing librarians to improve themselves in facing the transformation of services with users who are increasingly critical due to the environmental situation. their lives with a variety of information that can be accessed through social media, so Librarians must position themselves as facilitators in information dissemination by prioritizing information literacy so they can sort and choose sound informatio

Targeting aid to the needy and deserving : nothing but promises?.

By reallocating aid to where it is needed most and where a productive use is most likely, donors could help alleviate poverty in developing countries. The rhetoric of donors suggests that this insight has increasingly shaped the allocation of aid. We assess the poverty and policy orientation of bilateral and multilateral aid in different ways. In addition to presenting stylized facts based on bivariate correlations, we apply a Tobit model that captures both altruistic and selfish donor motives. We find little evidence supporting the view that the targeting of aid has improved significantly. Most donors provide higher aid to relatively poor countries, but so far the fight against poverty has not resulted in a stronger focus on the most needy recipients. The estimation results reveal that the policy orientation of aid critically depends on how local conditions are measured. Applying the widely used Kaufmann index on the quality of institutions, almost all donors failed to direct aid predominantly to where local conditions were conducive to a productive use of inflows. The response of donors to changing institutional and policy conditions in recipient countries turns out to be fairly weak. In particular, we reject the proposition that multilateral aid is more targeted than bilateral aid in terms of rewarding poor countries with better policies and institutions.Entwicklungshilfe; Entwicklungskooperation; Armutspolitik; Wirtschaftspolitische Wirkungsanalyse; Entwicklungsländer;bilateral aid , multilateral aid , fight against poverty , economic policy assessment , quality of institutions;

Automation and rationality in decision-making to replace a sportman at decisive moments

Increasingly, the sport entertainment is emerging as an object of study in advanced research centres, as a result of the need to manage the high budgets of sport entities. To win in sports like football or basketball depends on many factors, almost all studied thoroughly. It shows, however, that in one of them, the decision making is hastily and intuitive. It’s the substitution of a player by another one that should enter into the pitch to fulfil some tasks that the replaced one, for whatever reason, can’t carry out. The coach is forced, then, to take a decision almost always under ambient pressure and conflict of sensations often contradictory. In this paper we propose an algorithm easy to use and apply for answer to the following question: is it necessary to replace a player? And if so, on which of them should be replaced.Maxmin Convolution, Moore’s Closing, Sportman, Pretopology.

How many planet-wide leaders should there be?

Geo-replication becomes increasingly important for modern planetary scale distributed systems, yet it comes with a specific challenge: latency, bounded by the speed of light. In particular, clients of a geo-replicated system must communicate with a leader which must in turn communicate with other replicas: wrong selection of a leader may result in unnecessary round-trips across the globe. Classical protocols such as celebrated Paxos, have a single leader making them unsuitable for serving widely dispersed clients. To address this issue, several all-leader geo-replication protocols have been proposed recently, in which every replica acts as a leader. However, because these protocols require coordination among all replicas, commiting a client's request at some replica may incure the so-called "delayed commit" problem, which can introduce even a higher latency than a classical single-leader majority-based protocol such as Paxos. In this paper, we argue that the "right" choice of the number of leaders in a geo-replication protocol depends on a given replica configuration and propose Droopy, an optimization for state machine replication protocols that explores the space between single-leader and all-leader by dynamically reconfiguring the leader set. We implement Droopy on top of Clock-RSM, a state-of-the-art all-leader protocol. Our evaluation on Amazon EC2 shows that, under typical imbalanced workloads, Droopy-enabled Clock-RSM efficiently reduces latency compared to native Clock-RSM, whereas in other cases the latency is the same as that of the native Clock-RSM