2,611 research outputs found

    Constructive interaction in scripted computer-supported collaborative learning

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    Abstract. This study explores the constructive interaction of higher education students during the Facebook groups’ discussion. The specific aims are investigating what forms of interaction were generated and how these interactions vary in three differently supported scripts. The participants of this study were ten small groups of higher education students (N=88) from three different Universities; collaborative learning for these groups was supported with a particular design micro- script for promoting both participation towards task-related and socio-emotional interaction over a six-week CSCL course. The results show that constructive interaction was rarely found. The majority of groups manifested more in the task-related than the socio-emotional categories. In terms of differences within the three collaboration phases, the intense constructive interaction was shown in the first and second tasks, where scripts were still supported students’ collaborative activities. Based on the findings, it can be concluded that the group who actively contributed to socio-emotional interaction was likely to engage well in task-related performance

    Measuring the Scale Outcomes of Curriculum Materials

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    Effects of Argumentation Prompts on Alternative Positions in Ill-Structured Problem-Solving

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    Little is known about the role of prompts to help learners solve ill-structured learning problems. Instructors do not devote adequate time to formulate pedagogically useful prompts, and the usefulness of different types of prompt is unclear. The question of whether prompt variation can generate superior argumentative depth has not been resolved. This mixed-methods study, using quantitative and qualitative data collected from 32 students, examined the role of argumentative prompts in the writing of essays based on business case studies. The research questions were: Is there a significant relationship between the type of argumentative prompt and argumentative depth? Is there a significant mediating effect of the frequency of alternative positions on the relationship between argumentative prompt type and argumentative depth? How are types of argumentation strategies utilized within alternative positions as represented in rhetorical prompts versus dialectical prompts? A significant (p \u3c .001) relationship with a large effect size was found between the type of argumentative prompt (rhetorical and dialectical) and argumentative depth. Alternative argumentative positions were found to significantly (p \u3c .001) mediate the relationship between argumentative prompt type argumentative depth with a large effect size. Verification and elaboration strategies were utilized in a similar way across both rhetorical and dialectical prompts. Dialectical prompts did not appear to be more effective than rhetorical prompts when using the evidence strategies. Rebuttal appeared to be utilized more in response to dialectical prompts. The implications are that instructors should ensure that both rhetorical and dialectal prompts are provided in assignments involving ill-structured learning problems

    Retrieval-, Distributed-, and Interleaved Practice in the Classroom:A Systematic Review

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    Three of the most effective learning strategies identified are retrieval practice, distributed practice, and interleaved practice, also referred to as desirable difficulties. However, it is yet unknown to what extent these three practices foster learning in primary and secondary education classrooms (as opposed to the laboratory and/or tertiary education classrooms, where most research is conducted) and whether these strategies affect different students differently. To address these gaps, we conducted a systematic review. Initial and detailed screening of 869 documents found in a threefold search resulted in a pool of 29 journal articles published from 2006 through June 2020. Seventy-five effect sizes nested in 47 experiments nested in 29 documents were included in the review. Retrieval- and interleaved practice appeared to benefit students’ learning outcomes quite consistently; distributed practice less so. Furthermore, only cognitive Student*Task characteristics (i.e., features of the student’s cognition regarding the task, such as initial success) appeared to be significant moderators. We conclude that future research further conceptualising and operationalising initial effort is required, as is a differentiated approach to implementing desirable difficulties

    a Review of Instructional Approaches

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    UIDB/00183/2020 UIDP/00183/2020 DL 57/2016/CP1453/CT0066 PTDC/FER-FIL/28278/2017Over the past 20 years, a broad and diverse research literature has emerged to address how students learn to argue through dialogue in educational contexts. However, the variety of approaches used to study this phenomenon makes it challenging to find coherence in what may otherwise seem to be disparate fields of study. In this integrative review, we propose looking at how learning to argue (LTA) has been operationalized thus far in educational research, focusing on how different scholars have framed and fostered argumentative dialogue, assessed its gains, and applied it in different learning contexts. In total, 143 studies from the broad literature on educational dialogue and argumentation were analysed, including all educational levels (from primary to university). The following patterns for studying how dialogue fosters LTA emerged: whole-class ‘low structure’ framing with a goal of dialogue, small-group ‘high structure’ framing with varied argumentative goals, and studies with one-to-one dialectic framing with a goal of persuasive deliberation. The affordances and limitations of these different instructional approaches to LTA research and practice are discussed. We conclude with a discussion of complementarity of the approaches that emerged from our analysis in terms of the pedagogical methods and conditions that promote productive and/or constructive classroom interactions.publishersversionepub_ahead_of_prin

    Online peer tutoring behaviour in a higher education context

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