43,688 research outputs found
Mitigating Gender Bias in Machine Learning Data Sets
Artificial Intelligence has the capacity to amplify and perpetuate societal
biases and presents profound ethical implications for society. Gender bias has
been identified in the context of employment advertising and recruitment tools,
due to their reliance on underlying language processing and recommendation
algorithms. Attempts to address such issues have involved testing learned
associations, integrating concepts of fairness to machine learning and
performing more rigorous analysis of training data. Mitigating bias when
algorithms are trained on textual data is particularly challenging given the
complex way gender ideology is embedded in language. This paper proposes a
framework for the identification of gender bias in training data for machine
learning.The work draws upon gender theory and sociolinguistics to
systematically indicate levels of bias in textual training data and associated
neural word embedding models, thus highlighting pathways for both removing bias
from training data and critically assessing its impact.Comment: 10 pages, 5 figures, 5 Tables, Presented as Bias2020 workshop (as
part of the ECIR Conference) - http://bias.disim.univaq.i
Emotion Detection Using Noninvasive Low Cost Sensors
Emotion recognition from biometrics is relevant to a wide range of
application domains, including healthcare. Existing approaches usually adopt
multi-electrodes sensors that could be expensive or uncomfortable to be used in
real-life situations. In this study, we investigate whether we can reliably
recognize high vs. low emotional valence and arousal by relying on noninvasive
low cost EEG, EMG, and GSR sensors. We report the results of an empirical study
involving 19 subjects. We achieve state-of-the- art classification performance
for both valence and arousal even in a cross-subject classification setting,
which eliminates the need for individual training and tuning of classification
models.Comment: To appear in Proceedings of ACII 2017, the Seventh International
Conference on Affective Computing and Intelligent Interaction, San Antonio,
TX, USA, Oct. 23-26, 201
Predictive biometrics: A review and analysis of predicting personal characteristics from biometric data
Interest in the exploitation of soft biometrics information has continued to develop over the last decade or so. In comparison with traditional biometrics, which focuses principally on person identification, the idea of soft biometrics processing is to study the utilisation of more general information regarding a system user, which is not necessarily unique. There are increasing indications that this type of data will have great value in providing complementary information for user authentication. However, the authors have also seen a growing interest in broadening the predictive capabilities of biometric data, encompassing both easily definable characteristics such as subject age and, most recently, `higher level' characteristics such as emotional or mental states. This study will present a selective review of the predictive capabilities, in the widest sense, of biometric data processing, providing an analysis of the key issues still adequately to be addressed if this concept of predictive biometrics is to be fully exploited in the future
- …