Envisioning futures of practice-centered computing

© Copyright 2019 held by Authors. In this panel, we will engage with the conference's membership and friends to consider directions for the possible futures of practice-centered computing. This panel is not targeting or aiming to result in a single, agreed "universal” vision, nor to ask for a shared vision among the panelists and the audience. Rather, we offer several and diverse vision statements by distinguished and innovative ECSCW scholars, being experts in their specific domain or context of research. These statements will be necessarily incomplete until the ECSCW membership has joined the discussion, offering their own, additional visions of the futures of the field. With this, the panel aims to engage in a discussion that foresees exciting future research directions for the field of ECSCW but likewise also unveils potential hurdles the community might face

Stable Isotope Analysis of Japan Sea and East China Sea Sediments: Late Pleistocene Paleoceanographic Reconstructions

The East Asian Monsoon system is an important dynamic of East Asian climates, affecting over one-third of the world’s population. Marginal seas within East Asia are ideal environments to study past fluctuations of monsoon intensities and durations as they are sensitive to climatic and glacio-eustatic sea level changes. This study focuses on continuous sedimentary sequences collected from three Integrated Oceanic Drilling Program Expedition 346 sites; Sites U1426 and U1427 in the Japan Sea and Site U1429 in the East China Sea. Elemental concentration (%TOC, %TN, and %CaCO3) and stable isotope ratios (δ13C and δ15N) are viable proxies to reconstruct past relative productivity rates. Japan Sea sediments show clear differentiation between glacial and interglacial periods in the proxies studied with increased elemental concentrations and isotopic enrichment indicative of increased relative paleoproductivity rates occurring in interglacial periods with sea levels \u3e70 m. Glacial periods, in comparison, generally have decreased relative paleoproductivity rates with decreased elemental concentrations and isotopic depletion. Nitrogen isotopes (δ15N) do not follow the same enrichment cycles as the other geochemical proxies and generally show the most enriched values during glacial low stands, likely indicating anoxic bottom water conditions and denitrification through bacterial processes. The Mid-Pleistocene Transition (MPT) was also identified in Site U1426 sediments through the use of continuous wavelet analysis and multitaper method spectral analysis. Before the MPT, the higher frequency orbital periods of precession and obliquity dominated the paleoproductivity cyclicities while a lower frequency 100,000-year cycle developed at the MPT and dominated the cyclicity to the present. East China Sea sediments do not show clear differentiation between glacial and interglacial periods and instead have relatively constant elemental and isotopic values during the last 350,000 years with the exception of negative excursions during stadial events during Marine Isotope Stage (MIS) 5 and MIS 7. The abrupt negative excursions likely resulted from decreased flow of the Kuroshio Current and reduced upwelling of the Kuroshio Intermediate Water throughout the Okinawa Trough during periods of decreased sea levels. Reduced flow of the Kuroshio Current likely led to the deposition of gravity flow layers during these stadial events

Multitasking effects on individual performance : an experimental eye-tracking study

Purpose: The main objective of this research is to identify the impact of parallel performance of various tasks on the individual effectiveness. Moreover, a methodological goal was set for the research to explore the possibilities of using eye-tracking in the studies of multitasking. Design/Methodology/Approach: The study was conducted in the form of an experiment. All participants worked at the same computer station time was measured with Eye Tracker. Findings: It was confirmed that multitasking requires more time to accomplish tasks and deteriorates creativity, but not correctness of the answers in case of simple tasks. Interestingly, in case of multitasking under time pressure, the performance was worse. Practical Implications: Deeper understanding of the determinants and effects of multitasking on organizational and individual performance enables the adjustment of work organization and management style in order to achieve optimal results. Originality/Value: This paper brings new insights to the studies of multitasking not only in terms of the results of an experimental research, but also in terms of methodological concerns like eye-tracking as a new method of empirical diagnosis.peer-reviewe

Human-computer interaction for development (HCI4D):the Southern African landscape

Human-Computer interaction for development (HCI4D) research aims to maximise the usability of interfaces for interacting with technologies designed specifically for under-served, under-resourced, and under-represented populations. In this paper we provide a snapshot of the Southern African HCI4D research against the background of the global HCI4D research landscape.We commenced with a systematic literature review of HCI4D (2010-2017) then surveyed Southern African researchers working in the area. The contribution is to highlight the context- specific themes and challenges that emerged from our investigation