Knowledge Creation and Sharing in Organisational Contexts: A Motivation-Based Perspective

This paper develops a motivation-based perspective to explore how organisations resolve the social dilemma of knowledge sharing, and the ways in which different motivational mechanisms interact to foster knowledge sharing and creation in different organisational contexts. The core assumption is that the willingness of organisational members to engage in knowledge sharing can be viewed on a continuum from purely opportunistic behaviour regulated by extrinsic incentives to an apparently altruistic stance fostered by social norms and group identity. The analysis builds on a three-category taxonomy of motivation: adding ‘hedonic’ motivation to the traditional dichotomy of extrinsic and intrinsic motivation. Based on an analysis of empirical case studies in the literature, we argue that the interaction and mix of the three different motivators play a key role in regulating and translating potential into actual behaviour, and they underline the complex dynamics of knowledge sharing and creation in different organisational contexts

Instabilities of Thin Black Rings: Closing the Gap

We initiate the study of dynamical instabilities of higher-dimensional black holes using the blackfold approach, focusing on asymptotically flat boosted black strings and singly-spinning black rings in $D\ge5$. We derive novel analytic expressions for the growth rate of the Gregory-Laflamme instability for boosted black strings and its onset for arbitrary boost parameter. In the case of black rings, we study their stability properties in the region of parameter space that has so far remained inaccessible to numerical approaches. In particular, we show that very thin (ultraspinning) black rings exhibit a Gregory-Laflamme instability, giving strong evidence that black rings are unstable in the entire range of parameter space. For very thin rings, we show that the growth rate of the instability increases with increasing non-axisymmetric mode $m$ while for thicker rings, there is competition between the different modes. However, up to second order in the blackfold approximation, we do not observe an elastic instability, in particular for large modes $m\gg1$, where this approximation has higher accuracy. This suggests that the Gregory-Laflamme instability is the dominant instability for very thin black rings. Additionally, we find a long-lived mode that describes a wiggly time-dependent deformation of a black ring. We comment on disagreements between our results and corresponding ones obtained from a large $D$ analysis of black ring instabilities.Comment: v3: 31pp, 7figs; clarifications added, typos fixe

A motivation and effort model for members of wireless communities

The aim of this paper is to develop an analytical framework and model for understanding motivation and effort among members of Community-based WLANs. Wireless communities represent a stimulating area for research due to their organizational uniqueness as loosely-knit communities of wireless enthusiasts who cooperate to set up and operate a wireless communications infrastructure; in other words, they represent an example of collective action. Thus, two research issues are critical in understanding the mechanics behind the sustained existence of wireless communities: motivation – why individuals become community members – and coordination – how individuals within a community interact with each other. Focusing on the first issue, the paper provides a theoretical explanation of motivation which, in turn, informs the design of a conceptual model. According to this explanation, an individual decides to participate in a wireless community because of intrinsic as well as extrinsic motives. These motives are balanced against the perceived effort to join and participate in the community to jointly determine a suitable participation level for each community member. The resulting model adopts a cost-benefit (utility) perspective that is being empirically tested through a large-scale questionnaire survey